Hailing from one of the most politically engaged areas of India, Eastern UP and after the completion of UG & PG from Gorakhpur University, I have shifted my academic orientation to Area Studies (International Relations). Written dissertation on India's Border Management and accomplished doctorate from SIS, JNU making comparative analysis between two different borders of India with Pakistan and Nepal.
Headed the Department of Political Science, Galgotias University and currently I am working as an Assistant Professor (Senior Scale) in AIIS, Amity University majorly dealing with subjects of theoretical and diplomatic concerns regarding global politics.
I, frequently share my humble opinions and perspectives through popular newspaper, digital mediums, journals and blogs in English as well as in Hindi. Supervisors: Prof. Savita Pande Address: https://dspwriter.blogspot.in
In the anarchical world order, every country primarily works for its national interest. Nations’ ... more In the anarchical world order, every country primarily works for its national interest. Nations’ interests often clash, but at the same time, for the sake of diverse resources, nations constantly seek interdependence to ensure sustainable development. This makes diplomacy the most viable tool for national advocacy. Accordingly, Anti-India sentiments, and instances of its manifestations, can be viewed as a compromised state of public diplomacy at India's end, which require action through urgent and concrete efforts.
As India successfully positions itself as one of the core, influential nations of the world, its ... more As India successfully positions itself as one of the core, influential nations of the world, its security scenario has become more vulnerable and complex. The roots of India’s security challenges lie not only at the regional and international levels but also from within. These threats can be dealt with by securing the borders efficiently. However, the borders of India and their associated problems, geographical, social and cultural, are vivid and varied. Each border receives a different kind of treatment in accordance with the existing mutual relationship across the border. If the border people cannot connect with the country’s mainstream, national security is affected. Indian policymakers face a hard challenge to formulate an integrated policy for borderlands and borders. While there are many common cross-border issues, chiefly non-security threats, there are other cross-border issues which are border specific. Besides, soft approaches to economic and cultural cross-border interactions are beneficial. The border security approach focuses on defending the borders from various threats but the border management approach involves protecting the interests of the country across the border.
As an essential feature of a healthy democracy, general elections have been conducted in India at... more As an essential feature of a healthy democracy, general elections have been conducted in India at regular intervals since the first general election, which took place on 13 May 1952, after the adoption of the Constitution. Though political participation and various political processes are the ongoing activities in a polity, the elections are undoubtedly the most notable and visible exercises in a democracy. The process of colonization had exploited thenIndiannessninbuilt in the political-social conscience of the nation in a variety of ways, but this had also become a medium to witness the comprehensive phenomenon of development at several layers in Europe. Democracy, equality, liberty, rights, liberal notion of citizenship, voting rights, etc had become the buzzword of the time and all of these also marked their great impact on the intelligentsia ofnIndia, who were trying hard, along with daily activism, to respond to colonialism through the intellectual exercise of post-colonialism...
As an essential feature of a healthy democracy, general elections have been conducted largely in ... more As an essential feature of a healthy democracy, general elections have been conducted largely in India at regular interval since the first general election happened in May 13, 1952 after the adoption of the constitution. Political participation and various political processes are though the ongoing activities in a polity but undoubtedly the elections are the most notable and visible exercises in a democracy. The process of colonisation had in various ways exploited the Indianness inbuilt in several political-social conscience of the nation, but this also had become a medium to witness the comprehensive phenomenon of development at several layers in Europe. Democracy, equality, liberty, rights, liberal notion of citizenship, voting rights, etc had become the buzzword of the time and they also marked the great impact on intelligentia of India who were trying hard along with daily activism to respond colonialism through the intellectual exercise of postcolonialism.
In this era of globalisation of world politics, foreign policy of India, too is facing the waves ... more In this era of globalisation of world politics, foreign policy of India, too is facing the waves of global pressures and embracing the diverse opportunities.
This article would humbly try to analyse Modi’s activism at regional and global level but the way... more This article would humbly try to analyse Modi’s activism at regional and global level but the way USA sees the world in the regions. Needless to say that; in this way we can also be able to observe the prospects of current trends in India’s foreign policy and its suitability according to the need of today and tomorrow.
As India successfully positions itself as one of the core, influential nations of the world, its ... more As India successfully positions itself as one of the core, influential nations of the world, its security scenario has become more vulnerable and complex. The roots of India's security challenges lie not only at the regional and international levels but also from within. These threats can be dealt with by securing the borders efficiently. However, the borders of India and their associated problems, geographical, social and cultural, are vivid and varied. Each border receives a different kind of treatment in accordance with the existing mutual relationship across the border. If the border people cannot connect with the country's mainstream, national security is affected. Indian policymakers face a hard challenge to formulate an integrated policy for borderlands and borders. While there are many common cross-border issues, chiefly non-security threats, there are other cross-border issues which are border specific. Besides, soft approaches to economic and cultural cross-border interactions are beneficial. The border security approach focuses on defending the borders from various threats but the border management approach involves protecting the interests of the country across the border.
With the disintegration of the European colonial system after the Second World War, many things a... more With the disintegration of the European colonial system after the Second World War, many things appeared on the international stage that changed the nature, style and strategies of international relations. Among those things, the emergence of new nations of Asia, Africa and Latin America brought about such a drastic change that the nature of international relations underwent a significant change in terms of its contents and style. Non-alignment is an Indo-Anglican word. With the only exception of the Random House Dictionary, no other dictionary recognises non words. So, as a concept, Non-alignment owes its origin to India. It was during our national independence movement, says Subimal Dutt in his memoirs ‘With Nehru in the Foreign Office', that "the principle of non-alignment was accepted by the Congress at Haripura session (1939). Even our culture and philosophy preaches what we refer to today as non-alignment, And this old Indian philosophy was asserted by Gandhi when he advocated that "India should be friendly to all, enemy to none."i
In diplomatic circles, on varied grounds, some countries may be labelled as weak or
strong natio... more In diplomatic circles, on varied grounds, some countries may be labelled as weak or
strong nation but the ultimate power lies with Mother Nature. Still, science is unable to
predict Nature’s course and impacts. The devastating quake has jolted Nepal very deeply.
The calamity has definitely shaken the humanity but not its will. Nepal is trying hard to
recover from the calamity and to reconstruct the essential structures.
In the global arena of affairs, presence of emerging India is clearly visible. As the country has... more In the global arena of affairs, presence of emerging India is clearly visible. As the country has successfully positioned itself as one of the core members of influential nations of the world, the security scenario of India has attracted more vulnerability and complexities like never before. The roots of challenges for India's security belong not only to regional and international level but also it spurts from within. Anti-Indian elements from within and from the region continuously pose serious threats to the internal security complex of India. The role of India's borders is very crucial in this context. Various threats can be dealt by securing the borders efficiently. But the borders of India are not identical in nature and problems and they vary not only in geographical features but also in social and cultural features. Each border receives a different kind of treatment from aligning countries accordingly the existing mutual relationship. If the border area people are not able to connect with the mainstream of the country's development, this affects the security of national sovereignty. Policy makers of the country really face a hard challenge to formulate an integrated policy for borderland and the borders of India due to their multiplicity. For India's borders, there are many common cross-border issues, chiefly non-security threats but there are other cross border issues which are border specific. Besides the security of borders, it is also needed that borders should behave softly to cross-border interactions, beneficial to mutual economic and cultural relationship. The border security approach focuses on defending the borders from various threats but the border management approach involves not only the protection of borders but also the protections of interests of the country on aligning borders.
The foreign relations of a country on the world map is not only crucial for its existence there b... more The foreign relations of a country on the world map is not only crucial for its existence there but also for its survival in the near future. The foreign relations between any two countries are important from any stand, political, social or economic, for both the countries landing themselves into the 'understanding'. In this era of global economic crisis, it has become a prime importance for any country to assume a healthy relation with its neighbours and other countries so that a peaceful and prosperous life can be assured to its citizens. And as such the India-American relations can be specifically defined as the bilateral relations between the United States of America and the Republic of India. Both of these countries have a rich history of the relations they have gone in for the betterment of the future of their citizens and their economic advancement. India, the largest populous democracy of the world, its foreign policy has always regarded the concept of neighbourhood as one of widening concentric circles, around a central axis of historical and cultural commonalities. With a very rich history of healthy relations with many countries of the world, India has focused on increased financial security for its citizens and a greater focus on the prosperity. Thus the economy of the countries which have undergone a relation with India has benefited vastly due to the ethnic work culture of this democratic republic. India is often considered a leader of the developing world and was one of the founding members of several international organizations, most notably the United Nations, the Nonaligned Movement, the Asian Development Bank and the G20 industrial nations. India has also played an important and influential role in other international organizations like East Asia Summit, World Trade Organization, the IMF, G8+5 and IBSA Dialogue Forum. India is a part of regional organizations include SAARC and BIMSTEC.
International Journal of Society and Humanities, 2014
Foreign policies reflect the orientation of a nation towards the rest of the world. The goals, me... more Foreign policies reflect the orientation of a nation towards the rest of the world. The goals, means, attitudes and approaches are the decisive ingredient for the formulation of the foreign policy. After India achieved the status of a sovereign state in 1947, it really needed the policy like NAM to ensure its sovereignty in the world anarchy. To take middle path for overall progress and to save the country from the cobweb of bloc politics, undoubtedly, the policy of NAM had proved its credibility already. After the conclusion of cold war, some feels that there is no relevancy left in the idea of NAM. These doubts which was really relevant has been addressed with the logic that the problems of inequality, apartheid, issues of economic order, etc., are very much evident and that's why the relevancy of NAM is still intact. Some scholars have made endeavours in the direction where using historical credibility of NAM, India can refurbish its foreign policy under the guise of NAM 2.0 with relevant value addition.
Today, India is bordered by turbulent states-Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh and Myanmar.Turbulence h... more Today, India is bordered by turbulent states-Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh and Myanmar.Turbulence has permeated through India's porous borders in the form of arms and narcotics to finance insurgents, militants, terrorists and religious fundamentalists.This endless internal turbulence in India's also inter-linked with external factors. The grim reality is that the unending turbulence will continue afflicted our land and sea frontiers and airspace.Therefore, as change has been said to be the only constant in the order of things, we have to adapt our attitudes and policies to the new realities.The rapidly developing political, economic and military strength of India, if unfortunately accompanied by a fragile internal security scenario, could become a significant factor for instability in the region and in the world.Though, there are various essential ingredients of internal security situation. Equally important is to see or assess the health of the internal security mechanism in the country that has to uphold the rule of law. Though the entire fabric of the Internal Security System is relevant, the role, condition and significance of the paramilitary forces, easily the most vital component in it.
अंतर्राष्ट्रीय राजनीति एक विषय-अनुशासन के रूप में वर्तमान में बहु-विश्लेषित अनुशासनों में से है। ... more अंतर्राष्ट्रीय राजनीति एक विषय-अनुशासन के रूप में वर्तमान में बहु-विश्लेषित अनुशासनों में से है। इसकी विषय-सीमा में लगभग सम्पूर्ण विश्व की राजनीतिक एवं आर्थिक गतिविधियां हैं। विश्व के विविध भागों में अपनी विभिन्नताओं के साथ बसे विपुल जन-समुदाय भिन्न-भिन्न राष्ट्रीय अस्मिता वाली सीमा-रेखाओं के भीतर स्थित होते हैं। व्यक्ति; चाहे वह स्त्री हो अथवा पुरुष, बच्चा हो या युवा, प्रौढ़ हो या वृद्ध; सभी किसी न किसी राजनीतिक सीमा से अवश्य ही बंधे होते हैं। यह उनकी एक सशक्त पहचान होती है। आज तकरीबन दो सौ से अधिक राष्ट्र-राज्य अस्तित्व में हैं, जो अपनी-अपनी स्वतंत्र सीमाओं के भीतर एक विशिष्ट राष्ट्रीय पहचान के साथ समग्र विकास हेतु प्रयत्नशील हैं। आधुनिक राज्य, संप्रभुता के आधुनिक मानदंडों के अनुरूप अपने विषय में निर्णयन के लिए परम स्वतंत्र होते हैं; साथ ही वह अन्य राज्यों की संप्रभुता का भी आदर करते हुए उनसे भी यही अपेक्षा रखते हैं। निश्चित ही सभी राज्य अपने विकास की दिशा एवं राष्ट्रीय लक्ष्य स्वयं ही तय करते हैं एवं तदनुरूप प्रयासों के लिए वे स्वयं ही जिम्मेदार होते हैं। इसमें अन्य हस्तक्षेप स्वीकार योग्य नहीं होते और ना ही कोई राज्य किसी अन्य राज्य से किसी भी प्रकार के हस्तक्षेप की अपेक्षा ही रखता है; क्योंकि यह उसकी संप्रभुता को क्षीण करता है।
The strategic importance of Pakistan is unique because of being a close neighbour toMiddle East, ... more The strategic importance of Pakistan is unique because of being a close neighbour toMiddle East, having a common border with China, India, Iran, Afghanistan and less than onehundred kilometre distance from Central Asian state of Uzbekistan. Bridge between South Asiaand South West Asia; Iran and Afghanistan are energy abundant while India and China aresimply lacking of.India, a nation of one billion people and the largest democracy in the world, is fast growing to become the largest economy in Asia after China and Japan. As a result of its rapid growth accompanied by political stability, the country is presumed to be a significant factor in determining the course of overall growth trajectory of Asia.
In the anarchical world order, every country primarily works for its national interest. Nations’ ... more In the anarchical world order, every country primarily works for its national interest. Nations’ interests often clash, but at the same time, for the sake of diverse resources, nations constantly seek interdependence to ensure sustainable development. This makes diplomacy the most viable tool for national advocacy. Accordingly, Anti-India sentiments, and instances of its manifestations, can be viewed as a compromised state of public diplomacy at India's end, which require action through urgent and concrete efforts.
As India successfully positions itself as one of the core, influential nations of the world, its ... more As India successfully positions itself as one of the core, influential nations of the world, its security scenario has become more vulnerable and complex. The roots of India’s security challenges lie not only at the regional and international levels but also from within. These threats can be dealt with by securing the borders efficiently. However, the borders of India and their associated problems, geographical, social and cultural, are vivid and varied. Each border receives a different kind of treatment in accordance with the existing mutual relationship across the border. If the border people cannot connect with the country’s mainstream, national security is affected. Indian policymakers face a hard challenge to formulate an integrated policy for borderlands and borders. While there are many common cross-border issues, chiefly non-security threats, there are other cross-border issues which are border specific. Besides, soft approaches to economic and cultural cross-border interactions are beneficial. The border security approach focuses on defending the borders from various threats but the border management approach involves protecting the interests of the country across the border.
As an essential feature of a healthy democracy, general elections have been conducted in India at... more As an essential feature of a healthy democracy, general elections have been conducted in India at regular intervals since the first general election, which took place on 13 May 1952, after the adoption of the Constitution. Though political participation and various political processes are the ongoing activities in a polity, the elections are undoubtedly the most notable and visible exercises in a democracy. The process of colonization had exploited thenIndiannessninbuilt in the political-social conscience of the nation in a variety of ways, but this had also become a medium to witness the comprehensive phenomenon of development at several layers in Europe. Democracy, equality, liberty, rights, liberal notion of citizenship, voting rights, etc had become the buzzword of the time and all of these also marked their great impact on the intelligentsia ofnIndia, who were trying hard, along with daily activism, to respond to colonialism through the intellectual exercise of post-colonialism...
As an essential feature of a healthy democracy, general elections have been conducted largely in ... more As an essential feature of a healthy democracy, general elections have been conducted largely in India at regular interval since the first general election happened in May 13, 1952 after the adoption of the constitution. Political participation and various political processes are though the ongoing activities in a polity but undoubtedly the elections are the most notable and visible exercises in a democracy. The process of colonisation had in various ways exploited the Indianness inbuilt in several political-social conscience of the nation, but this also had become a medium to witness the comprehensive phenomenon of development at several layers in Europe. Democracy, equality, liberty, rights, liberal notion of citizenship, voting rights, etc had become the buzzword of the time and they also marked the great impact on intelligentia of India who were trying hard along with daily activism to respond colonialism through the intellectual exercise of postcolonialism.
In this era of globalisation of world politics, foreign policy of India, too is facing the waves ... more In this era of globalisation of world politics, foreign policy of India, too is facing the waves of global pressures and embracing the diverse opportunities.
This article would humbly try to analyse Modi’s activism at regional and global level but the way... more This article would humbly try to analyse Modi’s activism at regional and global level but the way USA sees the world in the regions. Needless to say that; in this way we can also be able to observe the prospects of current trends in India’s foreign policy and its suitability according to the need of today and tomorrow.
As India successfully positions itself as one of the core, influential nations of the world, its ... more As India successfully positions itself as one of the core, influential nations of the world, its security scenario has become more vulnerable and complex. The roots of India's security challenges lie not only at the regional and international levels but also from within. These threats can be dealt with by securing the borders efficiently. However, the borders of India and their associated problems, geographical, social and cultural, are vivid and varied. Each border receives a different kind of treatment in accordance with the existing mutual relationship across the border. If the border people cannot connect with the country's mainstream, national security is affected. Indian policymakers face a hard challenge to formulate an integrated policy for borderlands and borders. While there are many common cross-border issues, chiefly non-security threats, there are other cross-border issues which are border specific. Besides, soft approaches to economic and cultural cross-border interactions are beneficial. The border security approach focuses on defending the borders from various threats but the border management approach involves protecting the interests of the country across the border.
With the disintegration of the European colonial system after the Second World War, many things a... more With the disintegration of the European colonial system after the Second World War, many things appeared on the international stage that changed the nature, style and strategies of international relations. Among those things, the emergence of new nations of Asia, Africa and Latin America brought about such a drastic change that the nature of international relations underwent a significant change in terms of its contents and style. Non-alignment is an Indo-Anglican word. With the only exception of the Random House Dictionary, no other dictionary recognises non words. So, as a concept, Non-alignment owes its origin to India. It was during our national independence movement, says Subimal Dutt in his memoirs ‘With Nehru in the Foreign Office', that "the principle of non-alignment was accepted by the Congress at Haripura session (1939). Even our culture and philosophy preaches what we refer to today as non-alignment, And this old Indian philosophy was asserted by Gandhi when he advocated that "India should be friendly to all, enemy to none."i
In diplomatic circles, on varied grounds, some countries may be labelled as weak or
strong natio... more In diplomatic circles, on varied grounds, some countries may be labelled as weak or
strong nation but the ultimate power lies with Mother Nature. Still, science is unable to
predict Nature’s course and impacts. The devastating quake has jolted Nepal very deeply.
The calamity has definitely shaken the humanity but not its will. Nepal is trying hard to
recover from the calamity and to reconstruct the essential structures.
In the global arena of affairs, presence of emerging India is clearly visible. As the country has... more In the global arena of affairs, presence of emerging India is clearly visible. As the country has successfully positioned itself as one of the core members of influential nations of the world, the security scenario of India has attracted more vulnerability and complexities like never before. The roots of challenges for India's security belong not only to regional and international level but also it spurts from within. Anti-Indian elements from within and from the region continuously pose serious threats to the internal security complex of India. The role of India's borders is very crucial in this context. Various threats can be dealt by securing the borders efficiently. But the borders of India are not identical in nature and problems and they vary not only in geographical features but also in social and cultural features. Each border receives a different kind of treatment from aligning countries accordingly the existing mutual relationship. If the border area people are not able to connect with the mainstream of the country's development, this affects the security of national sovereignty. Policy makers of the country really face a hard challenge to formulate an integrated policy for borderland and the borders of India due to their multiplicity. For India's borders, there are many common cross-border issues, chiefly non-security threats but there are other cross border issues which are border specific. Besides the security of borders, it is also needed that borders should behave softly to cross-border interactions, beneficial to mutual economic and cultural relationship. The border security approach focuses on defending the borders from various threats but the border management approach involves not only the protection of borders but also the protections of interests of the country on aligning borders.
The foreign relations of a country on the world map is not only crucial for its existence there b... more The foreign relations of a country on the world map is not only crucial for its existence there but also for its survival in the near future. The foreign relations between any two countries are important from any stand, political, social or economic, for both the countries landing themselves into the 'understanding'. In this era of global economic crisis, it has become a prime importance for any country to assume a healthy relation with its neighbours and other countries so that a peaceful and prosperous life can be assured to its citizens. And as such the India-American relations can be specifically defined as the bilateral relations between the United States of America and the Republic of India. Both of these countries have a rich history of the relations they have gone in for the betterment of the future of their citizens and their economic advancement. India, the largest populous democracy of the world, its foreign policy has always regarded the concept of neighbourhood as one of widening concentric circles, around a central axis of historical and cultural commonalities. With a very rich history of healthy relations with many countries of the world, India has focused on increased financial security for its citizens and a greater focus on the prosperity. Thus the economy of the countries which have undergone a relation with India has benefited vastly due to the ethnic work culture of this democratic republic. India is often considered a leader of the developing world and was one of the founding members of several international organizations, most notably the United Nations, the Nonaligned Movement, the Asian Development Bank and the G20 industrial nations. India has also played an important and influential role in other international organizations like East Asia Summit, World Trade Organization, the IMF, G8+5 and IBSA Dialogue Forum. India is a part of regional organizations include SAARC and BIMSTEC.
International Journal of Society and Humanities, 2014
Foreign policies reflect the orientation of a nation towards the rest of the world. The goals, me... more Foreign policies reflect the orientation of a nation towards the rest of the world. The goals, means, attitudes and approaches are the decisive ingredient for the formulation of the foreign policy. After India achieved the status of a sovereign state in 1947, it really needed the policy like NAM to ensure its sovereignty in the world anarchy. To take middle path for overall progress and to save the country from the cobweb of bloc politics, undoubtedly, the policy of NAM had proved its credibility already. After the conclusion of cold war, some feels that there is no relevancy left in the idea of NAM. These doubts which was really relevant has been addressed with the logic that the problems of inequality, apartheid, issues of economic order, etc., are very much evident and that's why the relevancy of NAM is still intact. Some scholars have made endeavours in the direction where using historical credibility of NAM, India can refurbish its foreign policy under the guise of NAM 2.0 with relevant value addition.
Today, India is bordered by turbulent states-Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh and Myanmar.Turbulence h... more Today, India is bordered by turbulent states-Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh and Myanmar.Turbulence has permeated through India's porous borders in the form of arms and narcotics to finance insurgents, militants, terrorists and religious fundamentalists.This endless internal turbulence in India's also inter-linked with external factors. The grim reality is that the unending turbulence will continue afflicted our land and sea frontiers and airspace.Therefore, as change has been said to be the only constant in the order of things, we have to adapt our attitudes and policies to the new realities.The rapidly developing political, economic and military strength of India, if unfortunately accompanied by a fragile internal security scenario, could become a significant factor for instability in the region and in the world.Though, there are various essential ingredients of internal security situation. Equally important is to see or assess the health of the internal security mechanism in the country that has to uphold the rule of law. Though the entire fabric of the Internal Security System is relevant, the role, condition and significance of the paramilitary forces, easily the most vital component in it.
अंतर्राष्ट्रीय राजनीति एक विषय-अनुशासन के रूप में वर्तमान में बहु-विश्लेषित अनुशासनों में से है। ... more अंतर्राष्ट्रीय राजनीति एक विषय-अनुशासन के रूप में वर्तमान में बहु-विश्लेषित अनुशासनों में से है। इसकी विषय-सीमा में लगभग सम्पूर्ण विश्व की राजनीतिक एवं आर्थिक गतिविधियां हैं। विश्व के विविध भागों में अपनी विभिन्नताओं के साथ बसे विपुल जन-समुदाय भिन्न-भिन्न राष्ट्रीय अस्मिता वाली सीमा-रेखाओं के भीतर स्थित होते हैं। व्यक्ति; चाहे वह स्त्री हो अथवा पुरुष, बच्चा हो या युवा, प्रौढ़ हो या वृद्ध; सभी किसी न किसी राजनीतिक सीमा से अवश्य ही बंधे होते हैं। यह उनकी एक सशक्त पहचान होती है। आज तकरीबन दो सौ से अधिक राष्ट्र-राज्य अस्तित्व में हैं, जो अपनी-अपनी स्वतंत्र सीमाओं के भीतर एक विशिष्ट राष्ट्रीय पहचान के साथ समग्र विकास हेतु प्रयत्नशील हैं। आधुनिक राज्य, संप्रभुता के आधुनिक मानदंडों के अनुरूप अपने विषय में निर्णयन के लिए परम स्वतंत्र होते हैं; साथ ही वह अन्य राज्यों की संप्रभुता का भी आदर करते हुए उनसे भी यही अपेक्षा रखते हैं। निश्चित ही सभी राज्य अपने विकास की दिशा एवं राष्ट्रीय लक्ष्य स्वयं ही तय करते हैं एवं तदनुरूप प्रयासों के लिए वे स्वयं ही जिम्मेदार होते हैं। इसमें अन्य हस्तक्षेप स्वीकार योग्य नहीं होते और ना ही कोई राज्य किसी अन्य राज्य से किसी भी प्रकार के हस्तक्षेप की अपेक्षा ही रखता है; क्योंकि यह उसकी संप्रभुता को क्षीण करता है।
The strategic importance of Pakistan is unique because of being a close neighbour toMiddle East, ... more The strategic importance of Pakistan is unique because of being a close neighbour toMiddle East, having a common border with China, India, Iran, Afghanistan and less than onehundred kilometre distance from Central Asian state of Uzbekistan. Bridge between South Asiaand South West Asia; Iran and Afghanistan are energy abundant while India and China aresimply lacking of.India, a nation of one billion people and the largest democracy in the world, is fast growing to become the largest economy in Asia after China and Japan. As a result of its rapid growth accompanied by political stability, the country is presumed to be a significant factor in determining the course of overall growth trajectory of Asia.
The SAARC has been in existence for 25 years. However, it has yet to make a mark as a viable regi... more The SAARC has been in existence for 25 years. However, it has yet to make a mark as a viable regional organisation and achieve its true potential. Insecurity on the part of smaller nations regarding India; mistrust among the member nations; unpleasant Indo-Pakistan relations; the self-centred attitude of member states; and feeble Western support are the major barriers to the SAARC’s progress. The need for India and other member states to work for a relevant role for the SAARC in the development of South Asia is beyond debate. India, given its size and influence, must play a more meaningful role in injecting life into the SAARC. Resolving contentious issues amongst member states will help remove mistrust and create an environment conducive to growth. All member states must shun a bilateral approach in favour of a regional outlook to maximise gains. The SAARC projecting itself as a united and an effective organisation will cause the world to take notice and help it grow like other regional organisations.
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strong nation but the ultimate power lies with Mother Nature. Still, science is unable to
predict Nature’s course and impacts. The devastating quake has jolted Nepal very deeply.
The calamity has definitely shaken the humanity but not its will. Nepal is trying hard to
recover from the calamity and to reconstruct the essential structures.
Read the full article: https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=YAvdDwAAQBAJ&hl=en&pg=GBS.PA21
strong nation but the ultimate power lies with Mother Nature. Still, science is unable to
predict Nature’s course and impacts. The devastating quake has jolted Nepal very deeply.
The calamity has definitely shaken the humanity but not its will. Nepal is trying hard to
recover from the calamity and to reconstruct the essential structures.