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  • Accepted Paper

Quantum circuit model for discrete-time three-state quantum walks on Cayley graphs

Phys. Rev. A
Rohit Sarma Sarkar and Bibhas Adhikari
Accepted
3 July 2024

Abstract

We develop qutrit circuit models for discrete-time three-state quantum walks on Cayley graphs corresponding to Dihedral groups DN and the additive groups of integers modulo any positive integer N. The proposed circuits comprise of elementary qutrit gates such as qutrit rotation gates, qutrit-X gates and two-qutrit controlled-X gates. First, we propose qutrit circuit representation of special unitary matrices of order three, and the block diagonal special unitary matrices with 3×3 diagonal blocks, which correspond to multi-controlled X gates and permutations of qutrit Toffoli gates. We show that one-layer qutrit circuit model need O(3nN) two-qutrit control gates and O(3N) one-qutrit rotation gates for these quantum walks when N=3n. Finally we numerically simulate these circuits to mimic its performance such as time-averaged probability of finding the walker at any vertex on noisy quantum computers. The simulated results for the time-averaged probability distributions for noisy and noiseless walks are further compared using KL-divergence and total variation distance. These results show that noise in gates in the circuits significantly impacts the distributions than amplitude damping or phase damping errors.

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