Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management
The present study investigated the potential of Jatropha curcas L. seed oil and lye its ash for s... more The present study investigated the potential of Jatropha curcas L. seed oil and lye its ash for soapmaking. Oil was extracted from the seeds using Soxhlet extractor and n-hexane. Lye solution was obtained by boilingash of Jatropha with distilled water. The physicochemical properties (saponification value, Iodine value, acid valueand peroxide value) of the oil (and its blend with palm oil) were found to be consistent with reported values inliterature. The oil content and its relative density were also found to be 31.17% and 0.88g/cm3, respectively. Soapsamples were prepared by treating the oil and the prepared lye solution. Their physicochemical properties (moisturecontent, total alkali content, total fatty matter, pH, foam ability and cleansing ability) were found to be comparablewith reported properties for laundry soaps. The findings indicated that the lye solution from ash of Jatropha and itsseed oil result in soap materials that have acceptable qualities.
The aim of this study was to carry out a preliminary phytochemical investigation on roots and lea... more The aim of this study was to carry out a preliminary phytochemical investigation on roots and leaves of A.yavellana and also to evaluate the antibacterial activities of the crude extracts of the abovementioned parts of A.yavellana. Both the experiments were carried out following standard procedures reported in the literature. The phytochemical analyses of methanolic extract of A.yavellana root revealed the presence of alkaloids, terpenoids, anthraquinones, phenols, flavanoids, steroids, glycosides, saponins and the absence of tannins whereas the leaf extract contained alkaloids, anthraquinones, phenols, flavanoids, steroids, saponins and the absence of tannins, terpenoids and glycosides. The minimum inhibitory concentration the of methanolic extract of root and leaf of A.yavellana was investigated against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration of the extracts were found to be 5 m...
The main objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro antibacterial activities of crude extra... more The main objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro antibacterial activities of crude extracts of the roots of Caylusea abyssinica extracted using different solvents namely methanol, acetone, chloroform and petroleum ether. The antibacterial activity tests were carried out against Staphylococcus aureus (DSMZ346), Escherichia coli (KL2DSM 498), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (DSMZ 1117) and Salmonella thyphimurium (ATCC 13311) using agar disk diffusion method. The methanol extract was found to be superior against all the tested bacterial strains followed by acetone, chloroform and petroleum extract regardless of the solvents (DEMSO or Tween 20) used to dissolve the crude extracts. Staphylococcus aureus (DSMZ346) was found to be more sensitive followed by Salmonella thyphimurium (ATCC 13311). Moreover, the methanol extract was found to be more active than the reference drug (Gentamycine). The qualitative phytochemical analyses were carried on methanolic crude extract of the root of Cayl...
Ajuga integrifolia is one of the medicinal plants found in Ethiopia. Its different morphological ... more Ajuga integrifolia is one of the medicinal plants found in Ethiopia. Its different morphological parts are used for treatment of several human illnesses suggesting the need of identification of secondary metabolite that are responsible for the observed traditional medicinal use of the plant. The objective of study is to carry out phytochemical screening tests of crude extracts of the roots of this plant species and also to isolate compounds from extracts. Crude extracts were obtained from dried ground roots using solvents of different polarity (n-hexane, dichloromethane/methanol (1:1) and methanol) for extraction and employing sequential extraction approach. The phytochemical screening tests carried out on the extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, glycosides, terpenoids, tannins, saponins and steroids. Chromatographic separation from dichloromethane/methanol (1:1) extract lead to isolation of two compounds (DB6 and DB4). The compounds were identified to b...
The objective of this study was to assess the magnitude of utilization of air fresheners and also... more The objective of this study was to assess the magnitude of utilization of air fresheners and also to assess the awareness of the employees of Jimma University about health problems of air fresheners and their attitudes towards these products. Data were collected from 271 respondents that consisted of janitors, instructors, secretaries and officers using semi-structured questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 16). The results of the study indicated that the majority of the employees (217, 80.10%) use air fresheners daily at least once in a day. The health problems of air fresheners that were mentioned by the respondents were sinus (110, 35.72%), asthma (89, 28.90%) and allergic reactions (78, 25.32%). The results also showed that the majority of the respondents are aware of health problems of air fresheners. However, regardless of their awareness, respondents showed positive attitude towards these products. These facts suggested that a strategy s...
A Thesis Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies, Addis Ababa University in Partial Fulfillme... more A Thesis Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies, Addis Ababa University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Master of Science in Chemistry
The objective of the present study was to determine the caffeine levels of Arabica Yirgacheffe an... more The objective of the present study was to determine the caffeine levels of Arabica Yirgacheffe and Harar coffee beans using HPLC analysis. The coffee beans were obtained from Yirgacheffe Coffee Farmers’ Cooperative Union and Harar coffee supplier, Addis Ababa. The raw and roasted beans were ground, boiled in distilled water, and extracted with dichloromethane. The HPLC analysis revealed that caffeine contents Yirgacheffe raw, light roasted and dark roasted coffee sample extracts to be 1.23 ± 0.011%, 1.29 ± 0.025% and 1.24 ± 0.015%, respectively. Whereas the caffeine levels were 1.30 ± 0.021%, 1.35 ± 0.018% and 1.33 ± 0.016% for raw , light roasted and dark roasted coffee samples of Harar . The findings of the study indicated that Yirgacheffe coffee samples generally have lower caffeine contents than Harar coffee samples. The caffeine contents of the coffee samples used in the study are within the range of reported standards of Ethiopia.
The chloroform extract of the berries of Croton macrostachyus was subjected to column chromatogra... more The chloroform extract of the berries of Croton macrostachyus was subjected to column chromatography with chloroform: ethyl acetate mixture as eluting solvent that led to isolation of Crotepoxide. Evaluation of antileishmanial activity of crotepoxide against promastigotes and amastigotes form of L. aethiopica showed that the compound is less active as compared to the reference antileishmanial drugs (amphotericin B and miltefosine). Regardless of the observed activity, further in vivo tests are recommended before drawing any conclusion about the potential of the compound as a new antileishmanial drug candidate. Keyword: Mimusops elengi, Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry, Triterpenoids, Saponins
Vernonia auriculifera is well known for its use in traditional medicine in several countries of t... more Vernonia auriculifera is well known for its use in traditional medicine in several countries of tropical regions of the world including Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to conduct phytochemical screening tests on extracts of the root of Vernonia auriculifera plant species and also to isolate compounds from the extracts. The root of V. auriculifera was extracted with three solvent systems (n-exane, dichloromethane/methanol (50:50% by volume) and methanol) using maceration technique and sequential extraction approach. All the extracts were subjected to phytochemical screening tests following standard procedures reported in literatures. The preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, phenols, steroids, glycosides, terpenoids and tannins in the crude extracts of dichloromethane and dichloromethane: methanol. The crude extract of n-hexane showed the presence of saponins, flavonoids, phenols, steroids, glycosides, terpe...
Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management
The present study investigated the potential of Jatropha curcas L. seed oil and lye its ash for s... more The present study investigated the potential of Jatropha curcas L. seed oil and lye its ash for soapmaking. Oil was extracted from the seeds using Soxhlet extractor and n-hexane. Lye solution was obtained by boilingash of Jatropha with distilled water. The physicochemical properties (saponification value, Iodine value, acid valueand peroxide value) of the oil (and its blend with palm oil) were found to be consistent with reported values inliterature. The oil content and its relative density were also found to be 31.17% and 0.88g/cm3, respectively. Soapsamples were prepared by treating the oil and the prepared lye solution. Their physicochemical properties (moisturecontent, total alkali content, total fatty matter, pH, foam ability and cleansing ability) were found to be comparablewith reported properties for laundry soaps. The findings indicated that the lye solution from ash of Jatropha and itsseed oil result in soap materials that have acceptable qualities.
The aim of this study was to carry out a preliminary phytochemical investigation on roots and lea... more The aim of this study was to carry out a preliminary phytochemical investigation on roots and leaves of A.yavellana and also to evaluate the antibacterial activities of the crude extracts of the abovementioned parts of A.yavellana. Both the experiments were carried out following standard procedures reported in the literature. The phytochemical analyses of methanolic extract of A.yavellana root revealed the presence of alkaloids, terpenoids, anthraquinones, phenols, flavanoids, steroids, glycosides, saponins and the absence of tannins whereas the leaf extract contained alkaloids, anthraquinones, phenols, flavanoids, steroids, saponins and the absence of tannins, terpenoids and glycosides. The minimum inhibitory concentration the of methanolic extract of root and leaf of A.yavellana was investigated against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration of the extracts were found to be 5 m...
The main objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro antibacterial activities of crude extra... more The main objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro antibacterial activities of crude extracts of the roots of Caylusea abyssinica extracted using different solvents namely methanol, acetone, chloroform and petroleum ether. The antibacterial activity tests were carried out against Staphylococcus aureus (DSMZ346), Escherichia coli (KL2DSM 498), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (DSMZ 1117) and Salmonella thyphimurium (ATCC 13311) using agar disk diffusion method. The methanol extract was found to be superior against all the tested bacterial strains followed by acetone, chloroform and petroleum extract regardless of the solvents (DEMSO or Tween 20) used to dissolve the crude extracts. Staphylococcus aureus (DSMZ346) was found to be more sensitive followed by Salmonella thyphimurium (ATCC 13311). Moreover, the methanol extract was found to be more active than the reference drug (Gentamycine). The qualitative phytochemical analyses were carried on methanolic crude extract of the root of Cayl...
Ajuga integrifolia is one of the medicinal plants found in Ethiopia. Its different morphological ... more Ajuga integrifolia is one of the medicinal plants found in Ethiopia. Its different morphological parts are used for treatment of several human illnesses suggesting the need of identification of secondary metabolite that are responsible for the observed traditional medicinal use of the plant. The objective of study is to carry out phytochemical screening tests of crude extracts of the roots of this plant species and also to isolate compounds from extracts. Crude extracts were obtained from dried ground roots using solvents of different polarity (n-hexane, dichloromethane/methanol (1:1) and methanol) for extraction and employing sequential extraction approach. The phytochemical screening tests carried out on the extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, glycosides, terpenoids, tannins, saponins and steroids. Chromatographic separation from dichloromethane/methanol (1:1) extract lead to isolation of two compounds (DB6 and DB4). The compounds were identified to b...
The objective of this study was to assess the magnitude of utilization of air fresheners and also... more The objective of this study was to assess the magnitude of utilization of air fresheners and also to assess the awareness of the employees of Jimma University about health problems of air fresheners and their attitudes towards these products. Data were collected from 271 respondents that consisted of janitors, instructors, secretaries and officers using semi-structured questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 16). The results of the study indicated that the majority of the employees (217, 80.10%) use air fresheners daily at least once in a day. The health problems of air fresheners that were mentioned by the respondents were sinus (110, 35.72%), asthma (89, 28.90%) and allergic reactions (78, 25.32%). The results also showed that the majority of the respondents are aware of health problems of air fresheners. However, regardless of their awareness, respondents showed positive attitude towards these products. These facts suggested that a strategy s...
A Thesis Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies, Addis Ababa University in Partial Fulfillme... more A Thesis Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies, Addis Ababa University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Master of Science in Chemistry
The objective of the present study was to determine the caffeine levels of Arabica Yirgacheffe an... more The objective of the present study was to determine the caffeine levels of Arabica Yirgacheffe and Harar coffee beans using HPLC analysis. The coffee beans were obtained from Yirgacheffe Coffee Farmers’ Cooperative Union and Harar coffee supplier, Addis Ababa. The raw and roasted beans were ground, boiled in distilled water, and extracted with dichloromethane. The HPLC analysis revealed that caffeine contents Yirgacheffe raw, light roasted and dark roasted coffee sample extracts to be 1.23 ± 0.011%, 1.29 ± 0.025% and 1.24 ± 0.015%, respectively. Whereas the caffeine levels were 1.30 ± 0.021%, 1.35 ± 0.018% and 1.33 ± 0.016% for raw , light roasted and dark roasted coffee samples of Harar . The findings of the study indicated that Yirgacheffe coffee samples generally have lower caffeine contents than Harar coffee samples. The caffeine contents of the coffee samples used in the study are within the range of reported standards of Ethiopia.
The chloroform extract of the berries of Croton macrostachyus was subjected to column chromatogra... more The chloroform extract of the berries of Croton macrostachyus was subjected to column chromatography with chloroform: ethyl acetate mixture as eluting solvent that led to isolation of Crotepoxide. Evaluation of antileishmanial activity of crotepoxide against promastigotes and amastigotes form of L. aethiopica showed that the compound is less active as compared to the reference antileishmanial drugs (amphotericin B and miltefosine). Regardless of the observed activity, further in vivo tests are recommended before drawing any conclusion about the potential of the compound as a new antileishmanial drug candidate. Keyword: Mimusops elengi, Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry, Triterpenoids, Saponins
Vernonia auriculifera is well known for its use in traditional medicine in several countries of t... more Vernonia auriculifera is well known for its use in traditional medicine in several countries of tropical regions of the world including Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to conduct phytochemical screening tests on extracts of the root of Vernonia auriculifera plant species and also to isolate compounds from the extracts. The root of V. auriculifera was extracted with three solvent systems (n-exane, dichloromethane/methanol (50:50% by volume) and methanol) using maceration technique and sequential extraction approach. All the extracts were subjected to phytochemical screening tests following standard procedures reported in literatures. The preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, phenols, steroids, glycosides, terpenoids and tannins in the crude extracts of dichloromethane and dichloromethane: methanol. The crude extract of n-hexane showed the presence of saponins, flavonoids, phenols, steroids, glycosides, terpe...
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