Acinetobacter baumannii is a common cause of healthcare-associated infections (HAI) worldwide, mo... more Acinetobacter baumannii is a common cause of healthcare-associated infections (HAI) worldwide, mostly occurring in intensive care units (ICUs). Extended-spectrum beta lactamases (ESBL)-positive A. baumannii strains have emerged as highly resistant to most currently used antimicrobial agents, including carbapenems. The most common mechanism for carbapenem resistance in this species is β-lactamase-mediated resistance. Carbapenem-hydrolyzing class D oxacillinases are widespread among multidrug-resistant (MDR) A. baumannii strains. The present study was conducted to determine the presence and distribution of blaOXA genes among multidrug-resistant A. baumannii isolated from ICU patients and genes encoding insertion sequence (IS-1) in these isolates. Additionally, the plasmid DNA profiles of these isolates were determined. A total of 120 clinical isolates of A. baumannii from various ICU clinical specimens of four main Jordanian hospitals were collected. Bacterial isolate identification was confirmed by biochemical testing and antibiotic sensitivity was then assessed. PCR amplification and automated sequencing were carried out to detect the presence of blaOXA-51, blaOXA-23, blaOXA-24, and blaOXA-58 genes, and ISAba1 insertion sequence. Out of the 120 A. baumannii isolates, 95% of the isolates were resistant to three or more classes of the antibiotics tested and were identified as MDR. The most frequent resistance of the isolates was against piperacillin (96.7%), cephalosporins (97.5%), and β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations antibiotics (95.8%). There were 24 (20%) ESBL-producing isolates. A co-existence of blaOXA-51 gene and ISAba1 in all the 24 ESBL-producing isolates was determined. In addition, in the 24 ESBL-producing isolates, 21 (87.5%) carried blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 genes, 1 (4.2%) carried blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-24, but all were negative for the blaOXA-58 gene. Plasmid DNA profile A and profile B were the most common (29%) in ESBL-positive MDR A.baumannii isolates while plasmid DNA profile A was the most common in the ESBL-negative isolates. In conclusion, there was an increase in prevalence of MDR-A. baumannii in ICU wards in Jordanian hospitals, especially those having an ESBL phenotype. Thus, identification of ESBL genes is necessary for the surveillance of their transmission in hospitals.
Acinetobacter baumannii is a common cause of healthcare-associated infections (HAI) worldwide, mo... more Acinetobacter baumannii is a common cause of healthcare-associated infections (HAI) worldwide, mostly occurring in intensive care units (ICUs). Extended-spectrum beta lactamases (ESBL)-positive A. baumannii strains have emerged as highly resistant to most currently used antimicrobial agents, including carbapenems. The most common mechanism for carbapenem resistance in this species is β-lactamase-mediated resistance. Carbapenem-hydrolyzing class D oxacillinases are widespread among multidrug-resistant (MDR) A. baumannii strains. The present study was conducted to determine the presence and distribution of blaOXA genes among multidrug-resistant A. baumannii isolated from ICU patients and genes encoding insertion sequence (IS-1) in these isolates. Additionally, the plasmid DNA profiles of these isolates were determined. A total of 120 clinical isolates of A. baumannii from various ICU clinical specimens of four main Jordanian hospitals were collected. Bacterial isolate identification was confirmed by biochemical testing and antibiotic sensitivity was then assessed. PCR amplification and automated sequencing were carried out to detect the presence of blaOXA-51, blaOXA-23, blaOXA-24, and blaOXA-58 genes, and ISAba1 insertion sequence. Out of the 120 A. baumannii isolates, 95% of the isolates were resistant to three or more classes of the antibiotics tested and were identified as MDR. The most frequent resistance of the isolates was against piperacillin (96.7%), cephalosporins (97.5%), and β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations antibiotics (95.8%). There were 24 (20%) ESBL-producing isolates. A co-existence of blaOXA-51 gene and ISAba1 in all the 24 ESBL-producing isolates was determined. In addition, in the 24 ESBL-producing isolates, 21 (87.5%) carried blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 genes, 1 (4.2%) carried blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-24, but all were negative for the blaOXA-58 gene. Plasmid DNA profile A and profile B were the most common (29%) in ESBL-positive MDR A. baumannii isolates while plasmid DNA profile A was the most common in the ESBL-negative isolates. In conclusion, there was an increase in prevalence of MDR-A. baumannii in ICU wards in Jordanian hospitals, especially those having an ESBL phenotype. Thus, identification of ESBL genes is necessary for the surveillance of their transmission in hospitals
Studies on the rotavirus-associated acute diarrhoeal illness in Jordanian children are non-existe... more Studies on the rotavirus-associated acute diarrhoeal illness in Jordanian children are non-existent. The present case-control study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of rotavirus diarrhoea among children aged less than 5 years, attending the United Nations Refugee World Aid Clinic in northern Jordan. The potential environmental and behavioural risk factors contributing to the infection were also studied. Using the ELISA technique rotavirus antigens were detected in the stool samples of 35% of the 220 cases of gastroenteritis and in 3% of the control group. The control subjects were matched for age and sex with the cases. The overall prevalence was significantly higher (62%) in children aged less than 24 months [OR = 2.4, 95% CI (1.1-5.1)] than those in the older age groups. Severe cases of diarrhoea were rare. Diarrhoea due to rotavirus was more prevalent during the summer months (June-August). Risk factors for acute diarrhoea in these children are related to the infant fe...
Background/Aim. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common infections in outpatien... more Background/Aim. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common infections in outpatients. The aim of this study was to define the causative agents of urinary tract infections and their resistance to antimicrobial drugs in the urban area of central Serbia, as well as to evaluate eventual differences associated with age and gender of the patients. Methods. This retrospective study analysed data taken from routine, consecutively collected urine cultures of outpatients with symptomatic UTIs, collected from the Department of Microbiology, Institute of Public Health in Kragujevac, Serbia, from January 2009 to December 2013. Results. There were 71,905 urine cultures, and 24,713 (34.37%) of them were positive for bacterial pathogens. The most common pathogen was Escherichia coli (E. coli) (56.56%), followed by Klebsiella spp. (16.20%), Proteus spp. (14.68%), Enterococcus spp. (5.29%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3.74%). E. coli and Enterococcus spp. isolation rates were lower in m...
Journal of public health (Oxford, England), Jan 27, 2018
Vitamin D deficiency is now recognized as a pandemic with implications for bone health and chroni... more Vitamin D deficiency is now recognized as a pandemic with implications for bone health and chronic diseases. The study investigated the vitamin D status and risk factors of subnormal serum vitamin D levels in female college students. Cross-sectional study. American University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirate. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels were measured for the participating female undergraduate college students using a radioimmunoassay kit. All participants answered a questionnaire that included 30 questions, which covered among others the demographic information, dietary intake, sun exposure and autoimmune diseases. Undergraduate college female students (n, 480), aged 18-26 years. Overall, 47.92% had suboptimal serum vitamin D levels. Results indicated that vitamin D deficiency and other health problems are prevalent among female university students. Risk factors included: wearing hijab by 37.5% of the students that might have interfered with the penetration of UVB radi...
SUMMARYNone of the few animal models proposed for the study of human quartan malaria nephritic sy... more SUMMARYNone of the few animal models proposed for the study of human quartan malaria nephritic syndrome have shown complete pathological findings that are similar to those seen in humans. This study investigated the histopathological changes in kidneys in 10 Plasmodium inui infected Macaca mulatta monkeys by light and electron microscopy in order to develop a suitable animal model for human quartan malaria. Ten healthy adult rhesus monkeys were infected with P. inui and clinical chemistry and haematologic tests were done before and after infection. A renal biopsy sample was collected before infection as a baseline control and another biopsy was collected after infection. Histopathological changes examined by light and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed abnormalities in all infected monkeys to variable degrees. Several electron-dense discrete or diffused mesangial deposits, and increase in mesangial cells and matrix were associated with the morphological changes observed...
ABSTRACT Aims: To detect ESBL-producing E. coli isolates and the genes underlying their resistanc... more ABSTRACT Aims: To detect ESBL-producing E. coli isolates and the genes underlying their resistance to β-lactams and sulfamethoxazole. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan, between January 2009 and December 2010. Methodology: The blaCTX-M, blaTEM, blaSHV genes and sul genes were tested for in 165 urinary E. coli isolates by PCR assays. The association between the presence of gene and the antibiotic resistant was analyzed. Results: Multidrug resistance was detected among the isolates. Eighty-three (50.3%) of the isolates were ESBL-producing, 67(80.7%) had either blaCTX-M or blaTEM, or both and none had blaSHV gene, sul2 (41.2%) was prevalent (21.8%) isolates had two sul genes, while (1.8%) isolates had three sul genes. A significant association (p ≤ 0.05) was found between blaCTX-M, or blaTEM and resistance to several antibiotics e.g., cefixime. Several (29.9%) of the ESBL-producing strains harbored multiple ESBL genes and had high resistance to various antibiotic classes. Conclusion: The results revealed a high-level of sul2 and blaCTX-M positive ESBL isolates among other β-lactam resistant genes circulating in the community. These findings indicate that these patients are more likely to have ineffective initial empirical antimicrobial therapy.
The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 2014
Introduction: The purpose of the study was to isolate, identify, and determine the antimicrobial ... more Introduction: The purpose of the study was to isolate, identify, and determine the antimicrobial resistance of the bacterial pathogens recovered from shawarma (donair) sandwiches served to the public in Jordan. Methodology: Bacterial contamination of 100 shawarma sandwiches with pathogenic bacteria was studied by culture on selective media, serology, PCR assay, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Results: One hundred and forty-five bacterial isolates were identified. The predominant species was Escherichia coli (28.3%), with six isolates of serotype O157:H7, followed by Salmonella spp. (25.5%). Higher contamination rates were found in chicken sandwiches. The majority of these bacteria expressed high resistance to several antimicrobials, especially tetracycline and streptomycin. Citrobacter freundii was isolated from 15.9% and Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 8.3% of the sandwiches. The presence of these pathogens is of primary concern because some strains are capable of...
ABSTRACT Aims: To identify and differentiate mycobacterium spp. in archival formalin-fixed, paraf... more ABSTRACT Aims: To identify and differentiate mycobacterium spp. in archival formalin-fixed, paraffinembedded tissue by PCR to supply additional differential diagnostic method for Mycobacterium infections, where tuberculosis had been tested for by histopathological methods but without culturing. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Department of Pathology and Microbiology (Faculty of Medicine) and King Abdulla University Hospital, between January 2004 and July 2010. Methodology: Fifty-six extra-pulmonary specimens of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue obtained from patients showing granulomatus inflammation and/or other histopathologic features. Specimens were analyzed by a hemi-nested PCR assay targeting the gene encoding for 16S ribosomal RNA, which is common to all mycobacteria spp. The PCR positive specimens were amplified by a touch-down PCR targeting a fragment in the insertion sequence IS6110 specific to Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. Results were compared to acid fast bacilli stain and with histopathology of each specimen. Results: M. tuberculosis complex DNA was detected in 27 (48.2%) specimens, and nontuberculous mycobacteria in four specimens, compared to 10 (18%) specimens that were positive by acid fast staining. The positive cases were observed more in the lymph nodes, and pleural specimens. Conclusions: This study is among few studies to use the touch-down PCR assay as a promising auxiliary tool for the diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in archival tissue specimens. It could be used in conjunction with routine laboratory tests (e.g., cultures, acid fast staining) and clinical criteria of the patient to increase the accurate diagnosis of such cases. It is also recommended that culture be routinely done for all tuberculosis suspected cases.
World journal of gastrointestinal pharmacology and therapeutics, Jan 6, 2017
To investigate the putative role of protozoan parasites in the development of irritable bowel syn... more To investigate the putative role of protozoan parasites in the development of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The study included 109 IBS consecutive adult patients fulfilling the Rome III criteria and 100 healthy control subjects. All study subjects filled a structured questionnaire, which covered demographic information and clinical data. Fresh stool samples were collected from patients and control subjects and processed within less than 2 h of collection. Iodine wet mounts and Trichrome stained smears prepared from fresh stool and sediment concentrate were microscopically examined for parasites. Blastocystis DNA was detected by polymerase chain reaction, and Cryptosporidium antigens were detected by ELISA. A total of 109 IBS patients (31 males, 78 females) with a mean age ± SD of 27.25 ± 11.58 years (range: 16 -60 years) were enrolled in the study. The main IBS subtype based on the symptoms of these patients was constipation-predominant (88.7% of patients). A hundred healthy subje...
Acinetobacter baumannii is a common cause of healthcare-associated infections (HAI) worldwide, mo... more Acinetobacter baumannii is a common cause of healthcare-associated infections (HAI) worldwide, mostly occurring in intensive care units (ICUs). Extended-spectrum beta lactamases (ESBL)-positive A. baumannii strains have emerged as highly resistant to most currently used antimicrobial agents, including carbapenems. The most common mechanism for carbapenem resistance in this species is β-lactamase-mediated resistance. Carbapenem-hydrolyzing class D oxacillinases are widespread among multidrug-resistant (MDR) A. baumannii strains. The present study was conducted to determine the presence and distribution of blaOXA genes among multidrug-resistant A. baumannii isolated from ICU patients and genes encoding insertion sequence (IS-1) in these isolates. Additionally, the plasmid DNA profiles of these isolates were determined. A total of 120 clinical isolates of A. baumannii from various ICU clinical specimens of four main Jordanian hospitals were collected. Bacterial isolate identification was confirmed by biochemical testing and antibiotic sensitivity was then assessed. PCR amplification and automated sequencing were carried out to detect the presence of blaOXA-51, blaOXA-23, blaOXA-24, and blaOXA-58 genes, and ISAba1 insertion sequence. Out of the 120 A. baumannii isolates, 95% of the isolates were resistant to three or more classes of the antibiotics tested and were identified as MDR. The most frequent resistance of the isolates was against piperacillin (96.7%), cephalosporins (97.5%), and β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations antibiotics (95.8%). There were 24 (20%) ESBL-producing isolates. A co-existence of blaOXA-51 gene and ISAba1 in all the 24 ESBL-producing isolates was determined. In addition, in the 24 ESBL-producing isolates, 21 (87.5%) carried blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 genes, 1 (4.2%) carried blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-24, but all were negative for the blaOXA-58 gene. Plasmid DNA profile A and profile B were the most common (29%) in ESBL-positive MDR A.baumannii isolates while plasmid DNA profile A was the most common in the ESBL-negative isolates. In conclusion, there was an increase in prevalence of MDR-A. baumannii in ICU wards in Jordanian hospitals, especially those having an ESBL phenotype. Thus, identification of ESBL genes is necessary for the surveillance of their transmission in hospitals.
Acinetobacter baumannii is a common cause of healthcare-associated infections (HAI) worldwide, mo... more Acinetobacter baumannii is a common cause of healthcare-associated infections (HAI) worldwide, mostly occurring in intensive care units (ICUs). Extended-spectrum beta lactamases (ESBL)-positive A. baumannii strains have emerged as highly resistant to most currently used antimicrobial agents, including carbapenems. The most common mechanism for carbapenem resistance in this species is β-lactamase-mediated resistance. Carbapenem-hydrolyzing class D oxacillinases are widespread among multidrug-resistant (MDR) A. baumannii strains. The present study was conducted to determine the presence and distribution of blaOXA genes among multidrug-resistant A. baumannii isolated from ICU patients and genes encoding insertion sequence (IS-1) in these isolates. Additionally, the plasmid DNA profiles of these isolates were determined. A total of 120 clinical isolates of A. baumannii from various ICU clinical specimens of four main Jordanian hospitals were collected. Bacterial isolate identification was confirmed by biochemical testing and antibiotic sensitivity was then assessed. PCR amplification and automated sequencing were carried out to detect the presence of blaOXA-51, blaOXA-23, blaOXA-24, and blaOXA-58 genes, and ISAba1 insertion sequence. Out of the 120 A. baumannii isolates, 95% of the isolates were resistant to three or more classes of the antibiotics tested and were identified as MDR. The most frequent resistance of the isolates was against piperacillin (96.7%), cephalosporins (97.5%), and β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations antibiotics (95.8%). There were 24 (20%) ESBL-producing isolates. A co-existence of blaOXA-51 gene and ISAba1 in all the 24 ESBL-producing isolates was determined. In addition, in the 24 ESBL-producing isolates, 21 (87.5%) carried blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 genes, 1 (4.2%) carried blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-24, but all were negative for the blaOXA-58 gene. Plasmid DNA profile A and profile B were the most common (29%) in ESBL-positive MDR A. baumannii isolates while plasmid DNA profile A was the most common in the ESBL-negative isolates. In conclusion, there was an increase in prevalence of MDR-A. baumannii in ICU wards in Jordanian hospitals, especially those having an ESBL phenotype. Thus, identification of ESBL genes is necessary for the surveillance of their transmission in hospitals
Studies on the rotavirus-associated acute diarrhoeal illness in Jordanian children are non-existe... more Studies on the rotavirus-associated acute diarrhoeal illness in Jordanian children are non-existent. The present case-control study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of rotavirus diarrhoea among children aged less than 5 years, attending the United Nations Refugee World Aid Clinic in northern Jordan. The potential environmental and behavioural risk factors contributing to the infection were also studied. Using the ELISA technique rotavirus antigens were detected in the stool samples of 35% of the 220 cases of gastroenteritis and in 3% of the control group. The control subjects were matched for age and sex with the cases. The overall prevalence was significantly higher (62%) in children aged less than 24 months [OR = 2.4, 95% CI (1.1-5.1)] than those in the older age groups. Severe cases of diarrhoea were rare. Diarrhoea due to rotavirus was more prevalent during the summer months (June-August). Risk factors for acute diarrhoea in these children are related to the infant fe...
Background/Aim. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common infections in outpatien... more Background/Aim. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common infections in outpatients. The aim of this study was to define the causative agents of urinary tract infections and their resistance to antimicrobial drugs in the urban area of central Serbia, as well as to evaluate eventual differences associated with age and gender of the patients. Methods. This retrospective study analysed data taken from routine, consecutively collected urine cultures of outpatients with symptomatic UTIs, collected from the Department of Microbiology, Institute of Public Health in Kragujevac, Serbia, from January 2009 to December 2013. Results. There were 71,905 urine cultures, and 24,713 (34.37%) of them were positive for bacterial pathogens. The most common pathogen was Escherichia coli (E. coli) (56.56%), followed by Klebsiella spp. (16.20%), Proteus spp. (14.68%), Enterococcus spp. (5.29%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3.74%). E. coli and Enterococcus spp. isolation rates were lower in m...
Journal of public health (Oxford, England), Jan 27, 2018
Vitamin D deficiency is now recognized as a pandemic with implications for bone health and chroni... more Vitamin D deficiency is now recognized as a pandemic with implications for bone health and chronic diseases. The study investigated the vitamin D status and risk factors of subnormal serum vitamin D levels in female college students. Cross-sectional study. American University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirate. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels were measured for the participating female undergraduate college students using a radioimmunoassay kit. All participants answered a questionnaire that included 30 questions, which covered among others the demographic information, dietary intake, sun exposure and autoimmune diseases. Undergraduate college female students (n, 480), aged 18-26 years. Overall, 47.92% had suboptimal serum vitamin D levels. Results indicated that vitamin D deficiency and other health problems are prevalent among female university students. Risk factors included: wearing hijab by 37.5% of the students that might have interfered with the penetration of UVB radi...
SUMMARYNone of the few animal models proposed for the study of human quartan malaria nephritic sy... more SUMMARYNone of the few animal models proposed for the study of human quartan malaria nephritic syndrome have shown complete pathological findings that are similar to those seen in humans. This study investigated the histopathological changes in kidneys in 10 Plasmodium inui infected Macaca mulatta monkeys by light and electron microscopy in order to develop a suitable animal model for human quartan malaria. Ten healthy adult rhesus monkeys were infected with P. inui and clinical chemistry and haematologic tests were done before and after infection. A renal biopsy sample was collected before infection as a baseline control and another biopsy was collected after infection. Histopathological changes examined by light and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed abnormalities in all infected monkeys to variable degrees. Several electron-dense discrete or diffused mesangial deposits, and increase in mesangial cells and matrix were associated with the morphological changes observed...
ABSTRACT Aims: To detect ESBL-producing E. coli isolates and the genes underlying their resistanc... more ABSTRACT Aims: To detect ESBL-producing E. coli isolates and the genes underlying their resistance to β-lactams and sulfamethoxazole. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan, between January 2009 and December 2010. Methodology: The blaCTX-M, blaTEM, blaSHV genes and sul genes were tested for in 165 urinary E. coli isolates by PCR assays. The association between the presence of gene and the antibiotic resistant was analyzed. Results: Multidrug resistance was detected among the isolates. Eighty-three (50.3%) of the isolates were ESBL-producing, 67(80.7%) had either blaCTX-M or blaTEM, or both and none had blaSHV gene, sul2 (41.2%) was prevalent (21.8%) isolates had two sul genes, while (1.8%) isolates had three sul genes. A significant association (p ≤ 0.05) was found between blaCTX-M, or blaTEM and resistance to several antibiotics e.g., cefixime. Several (29.9%) of the ESBL-producing strains harbored multiple ESBL genes and had high resistance to various antibiotic classes. Conclusion: The results revealed a high-level of sul2 and blaCTX-M positive ESBL isolates among other β-lactam resistant genes circulating in the community. These findings indicate that these patients are more likely to have ineffective initial empirical antimicrobial therapy.
The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 2014
Introduction: The purpose of the study was to isolate, identify, and determine the antimicrobial ... more Introduction: The purpose of the study was to isolate, identify, and determine the antimicrobial resistance of the bacterial pathogens recovered from shawarma (donair) sandwiches served to the public in Jordan. Methodology: Bacterial contamination of 100 shawarma sandwiches with pathogenic bacteria was studied by culture on selective media, serology, PCR assay, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Results: One hundred and forty-five bacterial isolates were identified. The predominant species was Escherichia coli (28.3%), with six isolates of serotype O157:H7, followed by Salmonella spp. (25.5%). Higher contamination rates were found in chicken sandwiches. The majority of these bacteria expressed high resistance to several antimicrobials, especially tetracycline and streptomycin. Citrobacter freundii was isolated from 15.9% and Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 8.3% of the sandwiches. The presence of these pathogens is of primary concern because some strains are capable of...
ABSTRACT Aims: To identify and differentiate mycobacterium spp. in archival formalin-fixed, paraf... more ABSTRACT Aims: To identify and differentiate mycobacterium spp. in archival formalin-fixed, paraffinembedded tissue by PCR to supply additional differential diagnostic method for Mycobacterium infections, where tuberculosis had been tested for by histopathological methods but without culturing. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Department of Pathology and Microbiology (Faculty of Medicine) and King Abdulla University Hospital, between January 2004 and July 2010. Methodology: Fifty-six extra-pulmonary specimens of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue obtained from patients showing granulomatus inflammation and/or other histopathologic features. Specimens were analyzed by a hemi-nested PCR assay targeting the gene encoding for 16S ribosomal RNA, which is common to all mycobacteria spp. The PCR positive specimens were amplified by a touch-down PCR targeting a fragment in the insertion sequence IS6110 specific to Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. Results were compared to acid fast bacilli stain and with histopathology of each specimen. Results: M. tuberculosis complex DNA was detected in 27 (48.2%) specimens, and nontuberculous mycobacteria in four specimens, compared to 10 (18%) specimens that were positive by acid fast staining. The positive cases were observed more in the lymph nodes, and pleural specimens. Conclusions: This study is among few studies to use the touch-down PCR assay as a promising auxiliary tool for the diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in archival tissue specimens. It could be used in conjunction with routine laboratory tests (e.g., cultures, acid fast staining) and clinical criteria of the patient to increase the accurate diagnosis of such cases. It is also recommended that culture be routinely done for all tuberculosis suspected cases.
World journal of gastrointestinal pharmacology and therapeutics, Jan 6, 2017
To investigate the putative role of protozoan parasites in the development of irritable bowel syn... more To investigate the putative role of protozoan parasites in the development of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The study included 109 IBS consecutive adult patients fulfilling the Rome III criteria and 100 healthy control subjects. All study subjects filled a structured questionnaire, which covered demographic information and clinical data. Fresh stool samples were collected from patients and control subjects and processed within less than 2 h of collection. Iodine wet mounts and Trichrome stained smears prepared from fresh stool and sediment concentrate were microscopically examined for parasites. Blastocystis DNA was detected by polymerase chain reaction, and Cryptosporidium antigens were detected by ELISA. A total of 109 IBS patients (31 males, 78 females) with a mean age ± SD of 27.25 ± 11.58 years (range: 16 -60 years) were enrolled in the study. The main IBS subtype based on the symptoms of these patients was constipation-predominant (88.7% of patients). A hundred healthy subje...
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widespread among multidrug-resistant (MDR) A. baumannii strains. The present study was conducted to determine the presence and distribution of blaOXA genes among multidrug-resistant A. baumannii isolated from ICU patients and genes encoding insertion sequence (IS-1) in these isolates. Additionally, the plasmid DNA profiles of these isolates were determined. A total of 120 clinical isolates of A. baumannii from various ICU clinical specimens of four main Jordanian hospitals were collected. Bacterial isolate identification was confirmed by biochemical testing and antibiotic sensitivity was then assessed. PCR amplification and automated sequencing were carried out to detect the presence
of blaOXA-51, blaOXA-23, blaOXA-24, and blaOXA-58 genes, and ISAba1 insertion sequence. Out of the 120 A. baumannii isolates, 95% of the isolates were resistant to three or more classes of the antibiotics tested and were identified as MDR. The most frequent resistance of the isolates was against
piperacillin (96.7%), cephalosporins (97.5%), and β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations antibiotics (95.8%). There were 24 (20%) ESBL-producing isolates. A co-existence of blaOXA-51 gene and
ISAba1 in all the 24 ESBL-producing isolates was determined. In addition, in the 24 ESBL-producing isolates, 21 (87.5%) carried blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 genes, 1 (4.2%) carried blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-24,
but all were negative for the blaOXA-58 gene. Plasmid DNA profile A and profile B were the most common (29%) in ESBL-positive MDR A.baumannii isolates while plasmid DNA profile A was the most common in the ESBL-negative isolates. In conclusion, there was an increase in prevalence of MDR-A. baumannii in ICU wards in Jordanian hospitals, especially those having an ESBL phenotype. Thus, identification of ESBL genes is necessary for the surveillance of their transmission in hospitals.
widespread among multidrug-resistant (MDR) A. baumannii strains. The present study was conducted to determine the presence and distribution of blaOXA genes among multidrug-resistant A. baumannii isolated from ICU patients and genes encoding insertion sequence (IS-1) in these isolates. Additionally, the plasmid DNA profiles of these isolates were determined. A total of 120 clinical isolates of A. baumannii from various ICU clinical specimens of four main Jordanian hospitals were collected.
Bacterial isolate identification was confirmed by biochemical testing and antibiotic sensitivity was then assessed. PCR amplification and automated sequencing were carried out to detect the presence
of blaOXA-51, blaOXA-23, blaOXA-24, and blaOXA-58 genes, and ISAba1 insertion sequence. Out of the 120 A. baumannii isolates, 95% of the isolates were resistant to three or more classes of the antibiotics tested and were identified as MDR. The most frequent resistance of the isolates was against piperacillin (96.7%), cephalosporins (97.5%), and β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations antibiotics (95.8%). There were 24 (20%) ESBL-producing isolates. A co-existence of blaOXA-51 gene and ISAba1 in all the 24 ESBL-producing isolates was determined. In addition, in the 24 ESBL-producing isolates, 21 (87.5%) carried blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 genes, 1 (4.2%) carried blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-24, but all were negative for the blaOXA-58 gene. Plasmid DNA profile A and profile B were the most
common (29%) in ESBL-positive MDR A. baumannii isolates while plasmid DNA profile A was the most common in the ESBL-negative isolates. In conclusion, there was an increase in prevalence of MDR-A. baumannii in ICU wards in Jordanian hospitals, especially those having an ESBL phenotype. Thus, identification of ESBL genes is necessary for the surveillance of their transmission in hospitals
widespread among multidrug-resistant (MDR) A. baumannii strains. The present study was conducted to determine the presence and distribution of blaOXA genes among multidrug-resistant A. baumannii isolated from ICU patients and genes encoding insertion sequence (IS-1) in these isolates. Additionally, the plasmid DNA profiles of these isolates were determined. A total of 120 clinical isolates of A. baumannii from various ICU clinical specimens of four main Jordanian hospitals were collected. Bacterial isolate identification was confirmed by biochemical testing and antibiotic sensitivity was then assessed. PCR amplification and automated sequencing were carried out to detect the presence
of blaOXA-51, blaOXA-23, blaOXA-24, and blaOXA-58 genes, and ISAba1 insertion sequence. Out of the 120 A. baumannii isolates, 95% of the isolates were resistant to three or more classes of the antibiotics tested and were identified as MDR. The most frequent resistance of the isolates was against
piperacillin (96.7%), cephalosporins (97.5%), and β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations antibiotics (95.8%). There were 24 (20%) ESBL-producing isolates. A co-existence of blaOXA-51 gene and
ISAba1 in all the 24 ESBL-producing isolates was determined. In addition, in the 24 ESBL-producing isolates, 21 (87.5%) carried blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 genes, 1 (4.2%) carried blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-24,
but all were negative for the blaOXA-58 gene. Plasmid DNA profile A and profile B were the most common (29%) in ESBL-positive MDR A.baumannii isolates while plasmid DNA profile A was the most common in the ESBL-negative isolates. In conclusion, there was an increase in prevalence of MDR-A. baumannii in ICU wards in Jordanian hospitals, especially those having an ESBL phenotype. Thus, identification of ESBL genes is necessary for the surveillance of their transmission in hospitals.
widespread among multidrug-resistant (MDR) A. baumannii strains. The present study was conducted to determine the presence and distribution of blaOXA genes among multidrug-resistant A. baumannii isolated from ICU patients and genes encoding insertion sequence (IS-1) in these isolates. Additionally, the plasmid DNA profiles of these isolates were determined. A total of 120 clinical isolates of A. baumannii from various ICU clinical specimens of four main Jordanian hospitals were collected.
Bacterial isolate identification was confirmed by biochemical testing and antibiotic sensitivity was then assessed. PCR amplification and automated sequencing were carried out to detect the presence
of blaOXA-51, blaOXA-23, blaOXA-24, and blaOXA-58 genes, and ISAba1 insertion sequence. Out of the 120 A. baumannii isolates, 95% of the isolates were resistant to three or more classes of the antibiotics tested and were identified as MDR. The most frequent resistance of the isolates was against piperacillin (96.7%), cephalosporins (97.5%), and β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations antibiotics (95.8%). There were 24 (20%) ESBL-producing isolates. A co-existence of blaOXA-51 gene and ISAba1 in all the 24 ESBL-producing isolates was determined. In addition, in the 24 ESBL-producing isolates, 21 (87.5%) carried blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 genes, 1 (4.2%) carried blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-24, but all were negative for the blaOXA-58 gene. Plasmid DNA profile A and profile B were the most
common (29%) in ESBL-positive MDR A. baumannii isolates while plasmid DNA profile A was the most common in the ESBL-negative isolates. In conclusion, there was an increase in prevalence of MDR-A. baumannii in ICU wards in Jordanian hospitals, especially those having an ESBL phenotype. Thus, identification of ESBL genes is necessary for the surveillance of their transmission in hospitals