BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is major aliment around the word, with a cumulative rate of mo... more BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is major aliment around the word, with a cumulative rate of mortality. Metformin (MT) was recently approved as anticancer drug against solid tumors, such as CRC. Resistance to MT therapy remains to be a challenging matter facing the development of possible anti-cancer strategy. To circumvent this problem, MT nano-encapsulation has been introduced to sensitize resistant cancer cells. The purpose of the current study is to explore the MT's aptitude encapsulated in lecithin (LC) and chitosan (CS) nanoparticles to inhibit CRC proliferation through modulations of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), micro RNAs (miRNAs), and some biochemical markers. METHODS AND RESULTS Cytotoxic screenings of the newly synthesized MT-based regimens; MT, MT-LC NPs (NP1), MT-CS NPs (NP2), and MT-LC-CS NPs (NP3) against colorectal cancerous Caco-2 and HCT116 cell lines versus normal WI-38 cells were performed. The epigenetic mechanistic effects of these proposed regimens on lncRNAs and miRNAs were investigated. Additionally, some protein levels were assessed in CRC cells upon treatments; YKL-40, PPARγ, E-cadherin (ECN), and VEGF. We resulted that NP1 recorded the highest significant cytotoxic effect on CRC cells. HCT116 cells were more sensitive to the NP1 compared to Caco-2 cells. Intriguingly, it was suggested that NP1 tackled the CRC cells through down-regulation of the H19, HOTTIP, HULC, LINC00641, miR-200, miR-92a, miR-21, YKL-40, PPARγ, and VEGF expressions, as well as up-regulation of the miR-944 and ECN expressions. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that the NP1 can potentially be cytotoxic to CRC cells in-vitro by modulating noncoding RNA.
Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development, Dec 1, 2019
Alopecia areata (AA) is a common autoimmune disorder that targets anagen hair follicles. The most... more Alopecia areata (AA) is a common autoimmune disorder that targets anagen hair follicles. The most widely accepted hypothesis in its pathogenesis is that it is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune condition in genetically predisposed individuals. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are implicated in disease etiology and treatment. Interestingly, miRNAs 31, 155 and 29c have shown an important role in alopecia areata. Since miRNA can be used as serum biomarker in other autoimmune diseases. This study aimed to assess and compare serum levels of miRNAs 31, 155 and 29c in 50 AA patients with their levels in 50 healthy subjects & correlate their levels to severity of AA. Serum levels of miRNAs 31, 155 and 29c were estimated by qRT-PCR technique and miRNAs 31 and 29c were found to be significantly higher in AA patients compared to controls. MicroRNA 155 however, showed no significant difference between serum levels of AA patients compared to controls. These findings suggest the important role of miRNAs 31, 29c and 155 in the pathogenesis of AA.
Background: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV- 2), which is responsibl... more Background: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV- 2), which is responsible for coronavirus disease (COVID-19), potentially has severe adverse effects, leading to public health crises worldwide. In COVID-19, deficiency of ACE-2 is linked to increased inflammation and cytokine storms via increased angiotensin II levels and decreased ACE-2/Mas receptor axis activity. MiRNAs are small sequences of noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression by binding to the targeted mRNAs. MiR-200 dysfunction has been linked to the development of ARDS following acute lung injury and has been proposed as a key regulator of ACE2 expression. LncRNA growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5) has been recently studied for its modulatory effect on the miRNA-200/ACE2 axis. Objective: The current study aims to investigate the role of lncRNA GAS5, miRNA-200, and ACE2 as new COVID-19 diagnostic markers capable of predicting the severity of SARS-CoV-2 complications. Methods: A total of 28...
Aim: To investigate the expression profile and diagnostic potentials of serum miR-92a, 134, and 3... more Aim: To investigate the expression profile and diagnostic potentials of serum miR-92a, 134, and 375 in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. Materials & methods: Serum miRs-92a, 134, and 375 expression profiles were estimated by qRT-PCR for 70 AIS patients, age-matched with 25 control subjects. Their diagnostic potential was estimated by ROC analysis. Results: Down-expression of miR-92a and miR-375 was found (56; 96.5%; -1.86 ± 1.36; and 53; 91.4%; -1.63 ± 1.38, respectively), while miR-134 showed a predominant upregulation (46; 79.3%; 0.853 ± 1.34). The diagnostic accuracy was the highest for miR-92a and miR-375 (area under the curve = 0.9183 and 0.898, respectively), with greater specificity for miR-375 (Sp = 96%). Conclusion: Serum miR-92a and miR-375 could be promising early detective biomarkers of AIS.
BackgroundEarly detection of psoriasis is still an open discussion. Psoriatic lesions are charact... more BackgroundEarly detection of psoriasis is still an open discussion. Psoriatic lesions are characterized by red/scaly plaques affecting different body‐sites.ObjectivesTo evaluate the levels of programmed cell death protein‐1(PD‐1) and Angiopoietins‐2(Ang‐2) in serum, lesional, and perilesional of psoriatic patients and correlate them with controls and disease severity.Subjects and MethodsSerum samples were obtained from 40 participants subdivided equally into psoriatic and healthy controls, 4 mm punch_biopsy equally from lesional and perilesional skin of individuals. PD‐1/ANG‐2 ELISA kits were used for determining the serum and tissue levels among groups.ResultsSerum and tissue levels of PD‐1 and Ang‐2 were overexpressed in psoriatic patients compared with controls. There was a statistical difference between patients and controls in level of PD‐1(serum and tissue) with p‐value 0.006 and 0.0001, respectively. There was a statistical difference between both groups for ANG‐2(serum and t...
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide... more Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection as a major risk factor of HCC. Circulating microRNAs are deregulated in HCC and are candidate biomarkers. The aim of this study was to explore the expression profile of miRNA-122, miR-483, and miR-335 in the serum of HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). 90 HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, 90 non-malignant HCV patients, and 60 healthy controls were included. Serum microRNAs were measured by a qRT-PCR custom array. The expression levels of miR-122 and miR-483 were upregulated in HCC patients, while the miR-335 expression level was downregulated versus controls and HCV groups. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was created to examine miRNAs. miR-483 presented the best diagnostic potential because it showed the highest diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing HCV-related HCC patients from controls (A...
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a relatively common autoimmune disease in which genetic ... more Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a relatively common autoimmune disease in which genetic risk factors are well defined. Genetic studies are promising in exploring the long noncoding ribonucleic acids (lncRNAs): growth arrest-specific 5 (GAS5) and H19, and their possible role in the assessment of RA. Aim of the Work: The aim of the study was to describe the expression of GAS5 and H19 in serum samples of Egyptian RA patients in comparison to healthy controls, then to investigate its possible relation to RA clinical characteristics and disease activity. Patients and Methods: Levels of GAS5 and H19 expression were compared in serum samples from Egyptian RA patients (n = 100) and age- and sex-matched healthy controls (n = 100) and then correlated within the RA group to disease activity measured by the Disease Activity Score 28–erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR). Results: GAS5 was downregulated (0.59 ± 0.36), while H19 was upregulated (7.41 ± 1.3) in sera of Egyptian RA patients in comparison with controls (1.07 ± 0.09 and 1.1 ± 0.09 respectively). Further analysis showed a significant negative correlation of GAS5 to DAS28-ESR (r = -0.380). However, H19 showed a positive correlation to DAS28-ESR (r = 0.487 (P < 0.05). Conclusion: GAS5 was related to less disease activity, while H19 tended to be associated with more active disease. They might be useful in RA as potential biomarkers for disease activity assessment in the following years. Still, further researches are needed to support our findings and precisely determine their potential utility in RA.
ABSTRACT Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematous (SLE) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disorder ... more ABSTRACT Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematous (SLE) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disorder whose diagnosis depends on combination of multiple factors. Circulating lncRNAs could serve as diagnostic non-invasive biomarkers for SLE. We hypothesised that serum FAS-AS1 and PVT1 are new biomarkers for SLE that relate to clinical features and laboratory markers. Materials and Method: Measurement of serum FAS-AS1 & PVT1 by qRT-PCR, analysis of the association between two RNAs and the clinical data, activity index and laboratory markers by standard routine methods. Results: There was a significant relative increased serum FAS-AS1 (median (IQR) 2.19 (0.13–8.62) and a significant reduced PVT1 (median (IQR) 0.52 (0.01–7.55) in SLE patients compared to controls (P < 0.0001 for FAS-AS1 and = 0.007 for PVT1). Serum FAS-AS1 and PVT1 were positively correlated (r= 0.37, P = 0.001). Higher FAS-AS1 was significantly linked with nephritis (P = 0.011), positive anti-dsDNA (P= 0.01) and lower serum PVT1 was significantly associated with oral ulcers (P= 0.023), photosensitivity (P= 0.017), and neurological manifestations (P= 0.041). Serum PVT1 negatively correlated with age (r= −0.52, P< 0.0001) and ESR level (r= −0.29, P= 0.011) in SLE patients. No correlation between disease activity and serum FAS-AS1 or PVT1 was detected. Conclusions: Our study provides evidence that serum FAS-AS1 and PVT1 are new biomarkers for SLE.
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is major aliment around the word, with a cumulative rate of mo... more BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is major aliment around the word, with a cumulative rate of mortality. Metformin (MT) was recently approved as anticancer drug against solid tumors, such as CRC. Resistance to MT therapy remains to be a challenging matter facing the development of possible anti-cancer strategy. To circumvent this problem, MT nano-encapsulation has been introduced to sensitize resistant cancer cells. The purpose of the current study is to explore the MT's aptitude encapsulated in lecithin (LC) and chitosan (CS) nanoparticles to inhibit CRC proliferation through modulations of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), micro RNAs (miRNAs), and some biochemical markers. METHODS AND RESULTS Cytotoxic screenings of the newly synthesized MT-based regimens; MT, MT-LC NPs (NP1), MT-CS NPs (NP2), and MT-LC-CS NPs (NP3) against colorectal cancerous Caco-2 and HCT116 cell lines versus normal WI-38 cells were performed. The epigenetic mechanistic effects of these proposed regimens on lncRNAs and miRNAs were investigated. Additionally, some protein levels were assessed in CRC cells upon treatments; YKL-40, PPARγ, E-cadherin (ECN), and VEGF. We resulted that NP1 recorded the highest significant cytotoxic effect on CRC cells. HCT116 cells were more sensitive to the NP1 compared to Caco-2 cells. Intriguingly, it was suggested that NP1 tackled the CRC cells through down-regulation of the H19, HOTTIP, HULC, LINC00641, miR-200, miR-92a, miR-21, YKL-40, PPARγ, and VEGF expressions, as well as up-regulation of the miR-944 and ECN expressions. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that the NP1 can potentially be cytotoxic to CRC cells in-vitro by modulating noncoding RNA.
Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development, Dec 1, 2019
Alopecia areata (AA) is a common autoimmune disorder that targets anagen hair follicles. The most... more Alopecia areata (AA) is a common autoimmune disorder that targets anagen hair follicles. The most widely accepted hypothesis in its pathogenesis is that it is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune condition in genetically predisposed individuals. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are implicated in disease etiology and treatment. Interestingly, miRNAs 31, 155 and 29c have shown an important role in alopecia areata. Since miRNA can be used as serum biomarker in other autoimmune diseases. This study aimed to assess and compare serum levels of miRNAs 31, 155 and 29c in 50 AA patients with their levels in 50 healthy subjects & correlate their levels to severity of AA. Serum levels of miRNAs 31, 155 and 29c were estimated by qRT-PCR technique and miRNAs 31 and 29c were found to be significantly higher in AA patients compared to controls. MicroRNA 155 however, showed no significant difference between serum levels of AA patients compared to controls. These findings suggest the important role of miRNAs 31, 29c and 155 in the pathogenesis of AA.
Background: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV- 2), which is responsibl... more Background: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV- 2), which is responsible for coronavirus disease (COVID-19), potentially has severe adverse effects, leading to public health crises worldwide. In COVID-19, deficiency of ACE-2 is linked to increased inflammation and cytokine storms via increased angiotensin II levels and decreased ACE-2/Mas receptor axis activity. MiRNAs are small sequences of noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression by binding to the targeted mRNAs. MiR-200 dysfunction has been linked to the development of ARDS following acute lung injury and has been proposed as a key regulator of ACE2 expression. LncRNA growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5) has been recently studied for its modulatory effect on the miRNA-200/ACE2 axis. Objective: The current study aims to investigate the role of lncRNA GAS5, miRNA-200, and ACE2 as new COVID-19 diagnostic markers capable of predicting the severity of SARS-CoV-2 complications. Methods: A total of 28...
Aim: To investigate the expression profile and diagnostic potentials of serum miR-92a, 134, and 3... more Aim: To investigate the expression profile and diagnostic potentials of serum miR-92a, 134, and 375 in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. Materials & methods: Serum miRs-92a, 134, and 375 expression profiles were estimated by qRT-PCR for 70 AIS patients, age-matched with 25 control subjects. Their diagnostic potential was estimated by ROC analysis. Results: Down-expression of miR-92a and miR-375 was found (56; 96.5%; -1.86 ± 1.36; and 53; 91.4%; -1.63 ± 1.38, respectively), while miR-134 showed a predominant upregulation (46; 79.3%; 0.853 ± 1.34). The diagnostic accuracy was the highest for miR-92a and miR-375 (area under the curve = 0.9183 and 0.898, respectively), with greater specificity for miR-375 (Sp = 96%). Conclusion: Serum miR-92a and miR-375 could be promising early detective biomarkers of AIS.
BackgroundEarly detection of psoriasis is still an open discussion. Psoriatic lesions are charact... more BackgroundEarly detection of psoriasis is still an open discussion. Psoriatic lesions are characterized by red/scaly plaques affecting different body‐sites.ObjectivesTo evaluate the levels of programmed cell death protein‐1(PD‐1) and Angiopoietins‐2(Ang‐2) in serum, lesional, and perilesional of psoriatic patients and correlate them with controls and disease severity.Subjects and MethodsSerum samples were obtained from 40 participants subdivided equally into psoriatic and healthy controls, 4 mm punch_biopsy equally from lesional and perilesional skin of individuals. PD‐1/ANG‐2 ELISA kits were used for determining the serum and tissue levels among groups.ResultsSerum and tissue levels of PD‐1 and Ang‐2 were overexpressed in psoriatic patients compared with controls. There was a statistical difference between patients and controls in level of PD‐1(serum and tissue) with p‐value 0.006 and 0.0001, respectively. There was a statistical difference between both groups for ANG‐2(serum and t...
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide... more Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection as a major risk factor of HCC. Circulating microRNAs are deregulated in HCC and are candidate biomarkers. The aim of this study was to explore the expression profile of miRNA-122, miR-483, and miR-335 in the serum of HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). 90 HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, 90 non-malignant HCV patients, and 60 healthy controls were included. Serum microRNAs were measured by a qRT-PCR custom array. The expression levels of miR-122 and miR-483 were upregulated in HCC patients, while the miR-335 expression level was downregulated versus controls and HCV groups. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was created to examine miRNAs. miR-483 presented the best diagnostic potential because it showed the highest diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing HCV-related HCC patients from controls (A...
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a relatively common autoimmune disease in which genetic ... more Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a relatively common autoimmune disease in which genetic risk factors are well defined. Genetic studies are promising in exploring the long noncoding ribonucleic acids (lncRNAs): growth arrest-specific 5 (GAS5) and H19, and their possible role in the assessment of RA. Aim of the Work: The aim of the study was to describe the expression of GAS5 and H19 in serum samples of Egyptian RA patients in comparison to healthy controls, then to investigate its possible relation to RA clinical characteristics and disease activity. Patients and Methods: Levels of GAS5 and H19 expression were compared in serum samples from Egyptian RA patients (n = 100) and age- and sex-matched healthy controls (n = 100) and then correlated within the RA group to disease activity measured by the Disease Activity Score 28–erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR). Results: GAS5 was downregulated (0.59 ± 0.36), while H19 was upregulated (7.41 ± 1.3) in sera of Egyptian RA patients in comparison with controls (1.07 ± 0.09 and 1.1 ± 0.09 respectively). Further analysis showed a significant negative correlation of GAS5 to DAS28-ESR (r = -0.380). However, H19 showed a positive correlation to DAS28-ESR (r = 0.487 (P < 0.05). Conclusion: GAS5 was related to less disease activity, while H19 tended to be associated with more active disease. They might be useful in RA as potential biomarkers for disease activity assessment in the following years. Still, further researches are needed to support our findings and precisely determine their potential utility in RA.
ABSTRACT Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematous (SLE) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disorder ... more ABSTRACT Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematous (SLE) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disorder whose diagnosis depends on combination of multiple factors. Circulating lncRNAs could serve as diagnostic non-invasive biomarkers for SLE. We hypothesised that serum FAS-AS1 and PVT1 are new biomarkers for SLE that relate to clinical features and laboratory markers. Materials and Method: Measurement of serum FAS-AS1 & PVT1 by qRT-PCR, analysis of the association between two RNAs and the clinical data, activity index and laboratory markers by standard routine methods. Results: There was a significant relative increased serum FAS-AS1 (median (IQR) 2.19 (0.13–8.62) and a significant reduced PVT1 (median (IQR) 0.52 (0.01–7.55) in SLE patients compared to controls (P < 0.0001 for FAS-AS1 and = 0.007 for PVT1). Serum FAS-AS1 and PVT1 were positively correlated (r= 0.37, P = 0.001). Higher FAS-AS1 was significantly linked with nephritis (P = 0.011), positive anti-dsDNA (P= 0.01) and lower serum PVT1 was significantly associated with oral ulcers (P= 0.023), photosensitivity (P= 0.017), and neurological manifestations (P= 0.041). Serum PVT1 negatively correlated with age (r= −0.52, P< 0.0001) and ESR level (r= −0.29, P= 0.011) in SLE patients. No correlation between disease activity and serum FAS-AS1 or PVT1 was detected. Conclusions: Our study provides evidence that serum FAS-AS1 and PVT1 are new biomarkers for SLE.
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