The Indian Ocean is an important sphere of influence for India for centuries. With this status, a... more The Indian Ocean is an important sphere of influence for India for centuries. With this status, at times India is seen as a regional bully and on the other hand projects a status quo posture in the region. These two extreme trajectories create a grey area of knowledge and raise the question of what truly is the structure of Indian maritime interaction pattern with its neighbours. As India’s maritime profile increases, India’s intentions will be questioned and these puzzles needs to be addressed more acutely. An in- depth research on cause and effect relationship of size and foreign policy interaction could reveal a distinguish analysis about India’s communication style with its different neighbours and this will clarify these two-extreme perceptions. On that basis, this paper seeks to examine India’s maritime interaction in the Indian Ocean by coining the general power categories in the study of international relations as Mahabala (big power), Samabala (medium power) and Durbala (sm...
This study investigates the emergence of Malaysia-India Maritime Security Cooperation (MIMSC) in ... more This study investigates the emergence of Malaysia-India Maritime Security Cooperation (MIMSC) in response to traditional threats and non-traditional security threats at the Eastern Indian Ocean Region (EIOR). This thesis argues that although both Malaysia and India have identified the maritime significance of the EIOR to them, the common threat faced by them in that region, and have recognised the need for cooperation in maritime security, it appears at present that MIMSC in EIOR projects a lack of robustness in its engagement. This is despite both an appreciation of the relations between the two countries, and a substantial ability to address the challenges of the EIOR. The positive relations that are challenged by these maritime threats show that there is a pressing need for both countries to draw up effective maritime policies. But it is as yet unclear why these countries have failed to do so. The paucity of scientific investigation into the question of why the two states have fa...
MALIM: JURNAL PENGAJIAN UMUM ASIA TENGGARA (SEA JOURNAL OF GENERAL STUDIES), 2021
Border security is an essential component of Malaysia’s defence and security policy. During the C... more Border security is an essential component of Malaysia’s defence and security policy. During the COVID-19 outbreak, Malaysia’s border security management was tested with the increase of illegal entry into the country. The central argument of this paper is that, whilst Movement Control Order (MCO), or lockdown as it is more commonly known, aims to restrict movement, this limited movement was exploited for illegal entries into the country, leading to the establishment of the National Task Force (NTF), which coordinated various enforcement agencies to safeguard Malaysian territory. On this ground, this paper aims to analyse the role of the NTF in responding to increasing illegal activities amidst the pandemic. The discussion is divided into: (a) identifying illegal entries during the pandemic; (b) the impact of illegal entries to border management in Malaysia; (c) examining the roles of the NTF in responding to the illegal activities; and (d) the impact of the NTF in border security man...
The Indian Ocean Region (IOR) is rising significantly as the center stage for world politics in t... more The Indian Ocean Region (IOR) is rising significantly as the center stage for world politics in the current century. Due to the geostrategic and economic importance, the region has created conflicts in strategic interest leading to power confrontation among regional and extra-regional powers resulting in security threats for small littorals like Bangladesh. Some of the threats are influential attachments of the powerful states in foreign, trade, economy and defense sectors, poor regional security architecture and an increase of non-traditional security threats. Analyzing the issues reveals that, Bangladesh can navigate these challenges by playing strategic hedging, pursuing multilateralism, recalibrating trade and economic engagements, and comprehensive drive by government agencies to deal with non-traditional security threats.
The Indo-Pacific (IP), the region covering the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Region, is concurrent... more The Indo-Pacific (IP), the region covering the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Region, is concurrently shaping the posture of international affairs. As a littoral state and critical partner in the IP construct, Malaysia’s responses to this stance are inevitable due to its geostrategic location in the construct. This article argues that Malaysia’s posture vis-à -vis the IP as that of a ‘neutralist’. The discussion is divided into two sections. The first section describes weaknesses in the quadrilateral security dialogues (Quad) centrality using the features of regional security complex theory (RSCT). The second section discusses Malaysia’s neutrality vis-à -vis the IP construct. The article argues that, while opportunities can be seen in terms of strengthening the existing relations and tapping into new areas of partnership, Malaysia may face challenges in the form of marginalisation and entrapment. Apprehension is still prominent; therefore, the concept is in a ‘wait and see’ mode. The a...
LETTERS 12:00 PM MYT The Malaysian Maritime Enforce ment Agency also supplies special task forces... more LETTERS 12:00 PM MYT The Malaysian Maritime Enforce ment Agency also supplies special task forces when necessary for marine-related security situations.-Handout The borderless ocean complicates the security of any nation. However, the fact remains that the maritime realm will always be an essential part of human survivability. But for it to give the best to us, it calls for us to ensure not only a healthy ocean but a secure one.
The Indian Ocean is an important sphere of influence for India for centuries. With this status, a... more The Indian Ocean is an important sphere of influence for India for centuries. With this status, at times India is seen as a regional bully and on the other hand projects a status quo posture in the region. These two extreme trajectories create a grey area of knowledge and raise the question of what truly is the structure of Indian maritime interaction pattern with its neighbours. As India’s maritime profile increases, India’s intentions will be questioned and these puzzles needs to be addressed more acutely. An in- depth research on cause and effect relationship of size and foreign policy interaction could reveal a distinguish analysis about India’s communication style with its different neighbours and this will clarify these two-extreme perceptions. On that basis, this paper seeks to examine India’s maritime interaction in the Indian Ocean by coining the general power categories in the study of international relations as Mahabala (big power), Samabala (medium power) and Durbala (sm...
This study investigates the emergence of Malaysia-India Maritime Security Cooperation (MIMSC) in ... more This study investigates the emergence of Malaysia-India Maritime Security Cooperation (MIMSC) in response to traditional threats and non-traditional security threats at the Eastern Indian Ocean Region (EIOR). This thesis argues that although both Malaysia and India have identified the maritime significance of the EIOR to them, the common threat faced by them in that region, and have recognised the need for cooperation in maritime security, it appears at present that MIMSC in EIOR projects a lack of robustness in its engagement. This is despite both an appreciation of the relations between the two countries, and a substantial ability to address the challenges of the EIOR. The positive relations that are challenged by these maritime threats show that there is a pressing need for both countries to draw up effective maritime policies. But it is as yet unclear why these countries have failed to do so. The paucity of scientific investigation into the question of why the two states have fa...
MALIM: JURNAL PENGAJIAN UMUM ASIA TENGGARA (SEA JOURNAL OF GENERAL STUDIES), 2021
Border security is an essential component of Malaysia’s defence and security policy. During the C... more Border security is an essential component of Malaysia’s defence and security policy. During the COVID-19 outbreak, Malaysia’s border security management was tested with the increase of illegal entry into the country. The central argument of this paper is that, whilst Movement Control Order (MCO), or lockdown as it is more commonly known, aims to restrict movement, this limited movement was exploited for illegal entries into the country, leading to the establishment of the National Task Force (NTF), which coordinated various enforcement agencies to safeguard Malaysian territory. On this ground, this paper aims to analyse the role of the NTF in responding to increasing illegal activities amidst the pandemic. The discussion is divided into: (a) identifying illegal entries during the pandemic; (b) the impact of illegal entries to border management in Malaysia; (c) examining the roles of the NTF in responding to the illegal activities; and (d) the impact of the NTF in border security man...
The Indian Ocean Region (IOR) is rising significantly as the center stage for world politics in t... more The Indian Ocean Region (IOR) is rising significantly as the center stage for world politics in the current century. Due to the geostrategic and economic importance, the region has created conflicts in strategic interest leading to power confrontation among regional and extra-regional powers resulting in security threats for small littorals like Bangladesh. Some of the threats are influential attachments of the powerful states in foreign, trade, economy and defense sectors, poor regional security architecture and an increase of non-traditional security threats. Analyzing the issues reveals that, Bangladesh can navigate these challenges by playing strategic hedging, pursuing multilateralism, recalibrating trade and economic engagements, and comprehensive drive by government agencies to deal with non-traditional security threats.
The Indo-Pacific (IP), the region covering the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Region, is concurrent... more The Indo-Pacific (IP), the region covering the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Region, is concurrently shaping the posture of international affairs. As a littoral state and critical partner in the IP construct, Malaysia’s responses to this stance are inevitable due to its geostrategic location in the construct. This article argues that Malaysia’s posture vis-à -vis the IP as that of a ‘neutralist’. The discussion is divided into two sections. The first section describes weaknesses in the quadrilateral security dialogues (Quad) centrality using the features of regional security complex theory (RSCT). The second section discusses Malaysia’s neutrality vis-à -vis the IP construct. The article argues that, while opportunities can be seen in terms of strengthening the existing relations and tapping into new areas of partnership, Malaysia may face challenges in the form of marginalisation and entrapment. Apprehension is still prominent; therefore, the concept is in a ‘wait and see’ mode. The a...
LETTERS 12:00 PM MYT The Malaysian Maritime Enforce ment Agency also supplies special task forces... more LETTERS 12:00 PM MYT The Malaysian Maritime Enforce ment Agency also supplies special task forces when necessary for marine-related security situations.-Handout The borderless ocean complicates the security of any nation. However, the fact remains that the maritime realm will always be an essential part of human survivability. But for it to give the best to us, it calls for us to ensure not only a healthy ocean but a secure one.
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