Patients with adult onset growth hormone deficiency have a decreased life expectancy owing to an ... more Patients with adult onset growth hormone deficiency have a decreased life expectancy owing to an increased mortality from cardiovascular disease. In the present study, 104 subjects (66 men and 38 women, aged 22–74 years) with growth hormone deficiency and with adequate replacement therapy with glucocorticoids, thyroid hormones and gonadal steroids were studied with respect to known risk factors for cardiovascular disease. For comparison, data from a population study, "the MONICA study", were obtained. The patients had a significantly higher body mass index compared to controls (p<0.001). Serum triglyceride concentration was higher (p<0.001) but there was no difference in serum total cholesterol concentration. Serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration was lower (p<0.001) in the patients. There was no difference in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus. The prevalence of treated hypertension was higher (p<0.05) in the patients but the prevalence of s...
Trypanosomes are the causative agents of animal African trypanosomiasis (AAT) and human African t... more Trypanosomes are the causative agents of animal African trypanosomiasis (AAT) and human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), the former affecting domestic animals prevalent in Sub-Saharan Africa. The main species causing AAT in cattle are T. congolense, T. vivax, and T. b. brucei. Northern Uganda has been politically unstable with no form of vector control in place. The return of displaced inhabitants led to the restocking of cattle from AAT endemic areas. It was thus important to estimate the burden of trypanosomiasis in the region. This study was designed to compare the prevalence of animal African trypanosomes in cattle in Lira District using microscopy and polymerase chain reaction amplification (PCR) methods. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 254 cattle from the three villages of Acanakwo A, Barropok, and Acungkena in Lira District, Uganda, were selected by simple random sampling technique and screened for trypanosomiasis using microscopy and PCR methods. The prevalence of tr...
Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research
Background: Malaria remains a major Public health problem. In 2019, it was reported that Uganda a... more Background: Malaria remains a major Public health problem. In 2019, it was reported that Uganda accounts for 5 % of the total global cases of malaria related deaths after Nigeria and Democratic Republic of Congo.Various risk factors may be responsible for poor treatment outcomes. Thus the main aim of this study was to evaluate the Risk factors for Plasmodium falciparum recurrence in Artemether-lumefantrine treated population from Bushenyi district, Uganda. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in four selected health centers of Bushenyi district, Uganda by using questionnaire, direct observations and laboratory based studies. Data analysis was done using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS version 23 windows) for descriptive statistics. Logistic regression analysis was done to evaluate the association between Plasmodium falciparum recurrence and associated risk factors. Results: Statistically independent predictor risk factors for Plasmodium falciparum...
International Journal of Innovative Approaches in Science Research, 2018
This research was aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanolic and aqueous crude ex... more This research was aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanolic and aqueous crude extracts of Solanum nigrum leaves against some selected enteric bacteria. Fresh leaves of S. nigrum were collected from different garden of Bushenyi district Western Uganda and shade dried. Extraction was done by using standard methods. Phytochemical analyses of both ethanolic and aqueous crude extracts were also done. Antibacterial activities of both aqueous and ethanolic crude extracts were determined against clinical isolates of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp, and Shigella sp and Salmonella typhimurium by using agar well diffusion method and compared to the standard antibiotics Ciprofloxacin (5µg/mL) and Cotrimoxazole (25µg/mL). The results of phytochemicals analyses from this study revealed the presence of tannins, alkaloids, and saponins, reducing sugars, terpenoids and steroids from the two extracts. The ethanolic extract was effective only against E. coli at concentrations of 1, 0.5 and 0.25g/mL with 20.33±0.33, 15.17±0.17 and 8.33±0.17 mm as mean ± SEM zones of inhibition respectively, while aqueous crude extract was effective against E. coli only at concentration of 1g/mL with 9.17±01.7 mm as the mean ± SEM zone of inhibition. The ethanolic crude extract had lower MIC and MBC values of 250 mg/mL and 500 mg/mL respectively compared to the aqueous crude extract with MIC and MBC values of 500 mg/mL and >1000 mg/mL respectively. The results of this study concluded that both ethanolic and aqueous crude extract of S. nigrum leaves had activity only against clinical E.coli. Ethanolic leaves crude extract of S. nigrum was more effective than the aqueous crude leaves extract. This may provide evidences for its usage as herbal remedy against enteric infections caused by E. coli.
Patients with adult onset growth hormone deficiency have a decreased life expectancy owing to an ... more Patients with adult onset growth hormone deficiency have a decreased life expectancy owing to an increased mortality from cardiovascular disease. In the present study, 104 subjects (66 men and 38 women, aged 22–74 years) with growth hormone deficiency and with adequate replacement therapy with glucocorticoids, thyroid hormones and gonadal steroids were studied with respect to known risk factors for cardiovascular disease. For comparison, data from a population study, "the MONICA study", were obtained. The patients had a significantly higher body mass index compared to controls (p<0.001). Serum triglyceride concentration was higher (p<0.001) but there was no difference in serum total cholesterol concentration. Serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration was lower (p<0.001) in the patients. There was no difference in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus. The prevalence of treated hypertension was higher (p<0.05) in the patients but the prevalence of s...
Trypanosomes are the causative agents of animal African trypanosomiasis (AAT) and human African t... more Trypanosomes are the causative agents of animal African trypanosomiasis (AAT) and human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), the former affecting domestic animals prevalent in Sub-Saharan Africa. The main species causing AAT in cattle are T. congolense, T. vivax, and T. b. brucei. Northern Uganda has been politically unstable with no form of vector control in place. The return of displaced inhabitants led to the restocking of cattle from AAT endemic areas. It was thus important to estimate the burden of trypanosomiasis in the region. This study was designed to compare the prevalence of animal African trypanosomes in cattle in Lira District using microscopy and polymerase chain reaction amplification (PCR) methods. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 254 cattle from the three villages of Acanakwo A, Barropok, and Acungkena in Lira District, Uganda, were selected by simple random sampling technique and screened for trypanosomiasis using microscopy and PCR methods. The prevalence of tr...
Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research
Background: Malaria remains a major Public health problem. In 2019, it was reported that Uganda a... more Background: Malaria remains a major Public health problem. In 2019, it was reported that Uganda accounts for 5 % of the total global cases of malaria related deaths after Nigeria and Democratic Republic of Congo.Various risk factors may be responsible for poor treatment outcomes. Thus the main aim of this study was to evaluate the Risk factors for Plasmodium falciparum recurrence in Artemether-lumefantrine treated population from Bushenyi district, Uganda. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in four selected health centers of Bushenyi district, Uganda by using questionnaire, direct observations and laboratory based studies. Data analysis was done using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS version 23 windows) for descriptive statistics. Logistic regression analysis was done to evaluate the association between Plasmodium falciparum recurrence and associated risk factors. Results: Statistically independent predictor risk factors for Plasmodium falciparum...
International Journal of Innovative Approaches in Science Research, 2018
This research was aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanolic and aqueous crude ex... more This research was aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanolic and aqueous crude extracts of Solanum nigrum leaves against some selected enteric bacteria. Fresh leaves of S. nigrum were collected from different garden of Bushenyi district Western Uganda and shade dried. Extraction was done by using standard methods. Phytochemical analyses of both ethanolic and aqueous crude extracts were also done. Antibacterial activities of both aqueous and ethanolic crude extracts were determined against clinical isolates of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp, and Shigella sp and Salmonella typhimurium by using agar well diffusion method and compared to the standard antibiotics Ciprofloxacin (5µg/mL) and Cotrimoxazole (25µg/mL). The results of phytochemicals analyses from this study revealed the presence of tannins, alkaloids, and saponins, reducing sugars, terpenoids and steroids from the two extracts. The ethanolic extract was effective only against E. coli at concentrations of 1, 0.5 and 0.25g/mL with 20.33±0.33, 15.17±0.17 and 8.33±0.17 mm as mean ± SEM zones of inhibition respectively, while aqueous crude extract was effective against E. coli only at concentration of 1g/mL with 9.17±01.7 mm as the mean ± SEM zone of inhibition. The ethanolic crude extract had lower MIC and MBC values of 250 mg/mL and 500 mg/mL respectively compared to the aqueous crude extract with MIC and MBC values of 500 mg/mL and >1000 mg/mL respectively. The results of this study concluded that both ethanolic and aqueous crude extract of S. nigrum leaves had activity only against clinical E.coli. Ethanolic leaves crude extract of S. nigrum was more effective than the aqueous crude leaves extract. This may provide evidences for its usage as herbal remedy against enteric infections caused by E. coli.
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