Plant viruses are responsible for the most devastating and commercially significant plant disease... more Plant viruses are responsible for the most devastating and commercially significant plant diseases, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. The genus begomovirus is the largest one in the family Geminiviridae, with a single-stranded DNA genome, either monopartite or bipartite. Begomoviruses are transmitted by insect vectors, such as Bemisia tabaci. Begomoviruses are the major causative agents of diseases in agriculture globally. Because of their diversity and mode of evolution, they are thought to be geographic specific. The emerging begomoviruses are of serious concern due to their increasing host range and geographical expansion. Several begomoviruses of Asiatic origin have been reported in Europe, causing massive economic losses; insect-borne transmission of viruses is a critical factor in virus outbreaks in new geographical regions. This review highlights crucial information regarding Asia’s four emerging and highly destructive begomoviruses. We also provided information...
Received: July 26, 2016 Revised : August 20, 2016 Accepted: August 25, 2016 Published: August 31,... more Received: July 26, 2016 Revised : August 20, 2016 Accepted: August 25, 2016 Published: August 31, 2016 A research work was conducted to develop alternative method instead of using synthetic insecticides to control whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) and TYLCV under the field condition. Azadirachtin (Extract of neem leaves) and whey protein (Esterification from cow milk) are non-toxic and relatively harmless to human. Therefore, four treatments, control (T0), azadirachtin with whey protein together (T1), azadirachtin only (T2), and whey protein only (T3) with four replications of each treatment following RCBD design were sprayed of solution @1ml/L at 7 days interval after initial releasing of 100 TYLCVviruliferous whiteflies in each replication. The number of whiteflies were significantly decreased in T1 (62.50±6.81) and significantly increased in T0 (230.50±6.81). The maximum height of plants (97.50±2.68 cm) were found in T1 and the minimum height (82.50±2.68 cm) of same aged plant were found...
Sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, is a vector of more than 100 plant-diseased viruses, as wel... more Sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, is a vector of more than 100 plant-diseased viruses, as well as a serious pest of various horticultural plants. This species harbors a primary endosymbiont Portiera along with several secondary endosymbionts such as Cardinium and Hamiltonella. We investigated whether or not TYLCV acquisition alters the densities of endosymbionts in the body of B. tabaci using quantitative real-time PCR. Our results showed that the densities of both Cardinium and Hamiltonella, but not Portiera, increased upon acquisition of TYLCV. In addition, expression of GroEL, a molecular chaperone produced by Hamiltonella, was significantly upregulated in TYLCV-infected whiteflies. Our results suggest that endosymbionts may play an important role in TYLCV transmission mechanism within the body of B. tabaci.
Received: May 23, 2016 Revised : June 19, 2016 Accepted: June 23, 2016 Published: August 31, 2016... more Received: May 23, 2016 Revised : June 19, 2016 Accepted: June 23, 2016 Published: August 31, 2016 Three digestive enzymes namely trypsin, alkaline phosphatase, lipase and two genes knottin 3 and vitellogenin were evaluated against whitefly after feeding with 5 ppm azadirachtin for 12 hours. Down regulated activity of all the three enzymes were observed. The transcript level of the two genes, related to reproductive system and cytoskeleton respectively were observed feeding with azadirachtin at similar concentration and exposure period as enzyme activity. It was observed that azadirachtin significantly inhibited the expression of both of the genes vitellogenin and knottin 3. *Corresponding author: asadpstu@yahoo.com
The study was carried out at the Agriculture research field of Patuakhali Science and Technology ... more The study was carried out at the Agriculture research field of Patuakhali Science and Technology University (PSTU) from March to October, 2017 to explore rooting performance of Aegle marmelos (Bael) through clonal propagation by stem cutting under 3 different doses of IBA (Indole Buetaric Acid) and planted in the perforated plastic tray filled with coarse sand and gravel placed in the non-mist propagator. The experiment was laid out following a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 4 treatments and 4 replications (blocks). The treatments were T0= control, T1 = 0.2% IBA, T2 = 0.4% IBA, T3 = 0.8% IBA. The rooting ability of cuttings was significantly influenced by the application of IBA. The highest rooting percentage (60%) was recorded in A. marmelos both with 0.2% and 0.4% IBA followed by 0.8% IBA (40%). Longest root (3 cm) was recorded with 0.4% IBA followed by 0.2% IBA (1.2 cm). The maximum root number (2.25) and root diameter (2 mm) obtained from cuttings treated with 0.8%...
Vector-borne plant virus transmission is a complex mechanism involving various interactions of vi... more Vector-borne plant virus transmission is a complex mechanism involving various interactions of viruses, vectors and plants. Plant viruses modify, either directly or indirectly, the rates of development, reproduction and behavior of vector insects in a positive, negative, or neutral manner. The sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, is the only known vector of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV) which is a virus that seriously damaged tomato cultivars all around the world. Acquisition of TYLCV influences on various developmental, physiological and molecular mechanisms of Q1 biotype B. tabaci. We compared several behavioral and physiological characteristics between non-viruliferous (NV) and TYLCV-viruliferous (V) of Q1 biotype whiteflies. When B. tabaci acquired TYLCV, total life span was shorter and fecundity was lower than NV ones. V whiteflies were more susceptible to thermal stress by increasing hsp mRNA levels but higher in mortality by either heat or cold shocks. Furthermore, V...
Whiteflies harbor several secondary endosymbionts, which are maternally inherited from mother to ... more Whiteflies harbor several secondary endosymbionts, which are maternally inherited from mother to offspring, that have major effects on host preferences, biology, and evolution. Here, we identified Wolbachia bacteria in sweetpotato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) as well as whitefly popluations from other countries by comparison of 16S rDNA sequences. Wolbachia were detected in all tested indigenous B. tabaci populations (Bangladesh, Myanmar, Nepal, and the Philippines) as well as Q1 biotype of Korea, whereas they were absent from B biotype of Korea and Q biotype of China. Wolbachia were also detected in all five tested Aleurodicus dispersus populations as well as Tetraleurodes acaciae, whereas they were not detected in all seven Trialeurodes vaporariorum populatuions. In addiiton, Wolbachia were detected in parasitic wasp (Encarsia formosa) of B. tabaci as well as honeybee (Apis mellifera). Among the 19 whitefly populations from different countries, our analysis identified four phylogenet...
The present study was carried out at the Agriculture research field, Patuakhali Science And Techn... more The present study was carried out at the Agriculture research field, Patuakhali Science And Technology University(PSTU), Patuakhali, from March, 2015 to April, 2016 to explore the domestication potential and to evaluate the rooting performance of Flacourtia indica (katabohori), a wild fruit species in Bangladesh, through clonal propagation by stem cutting under 3 different doses of rooting hormone IBA (Indole Buetaric Acid) and planted in the perforated plastic tray filled with coarse sand and gravel placed in the non-mist propagator. The experiment was laid out following a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 4 treatments and 4 replications (blocks). The treatments were T0= control, T1 = 0.2% IBA, T2 = 0.4% IBA, T3 = 0.8% IBA. The rooting ability of cuttings was significantly influenced by the application of IBA. The results showed that the highest rooting percentage (100) and maximum root number (8) of Flacourtia indica stem cuttings were obtained from the cuttings treated...
Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2014
The effects of a newly developed flower thinning formulation (FTF) on the vitality of the honey b... more The effects of a newly developed flower thinning formulation (FTF) on the vitality of the honey bee Apis mellifera were examined by measuring the activities of various digestive enzymes in adult worker bees. First, direct spraying of the FTF solution did not cause any behavioral changes or lethal effects for the honey bees based on 24 h observation. Second, oral ingestion of a sugar solution containing the FTF did not produce any significant change in the activities of amylase, proteinases, lipase, or acetylcholine esterase (AChE) in the worker bees 6 h or 24 h after treatment. Meanwhile, a commercial formulation containing sulfur compounds showed slightly reduced activities for several digestive enzymes and AChE, although no behavioral disturbance. Thus, the results of the present study suggest that the FTF is not toxic for honey bees, in terms of contact and ingestion. Therefore, this newly developed FTF can be used for flower thinning without any detrimental effects on pollinating insects.
J. Entorno!., 3 (2): 136-142, 2006 ha of rice in 1991 and 100,000 ha in 1992. Approximately 90,00... more J. Entorno!., 3 (2): 136-142, 2006 ha of rice in 1991 and 100,000 ha in 1992. Approximately 90,000 metric tons of insecticides valued at 116 million dollars were applied to suppress insect pests in 1991, most of them were used for BPH control (Anonymous.,1992). The brown plant ...
The behaviour of insect vectors can be altered by the acquisition of plant viruses. Bemisia tabac... more The behaviour of insect vectors can be altered by the acquisition of plant viruses. Bemisia tabaci, which is the vector of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), causes damage to susceptible tomato cultivars. Here, the frequencies of several behavioural characteristics related to probing and feeding that are exhibited by non-viruliferous (NV) and TYLCV-viruliferous (V) adult B. tabaci were compared using a sandwich-type parafilm cage. The frequencies of behaviours such as wing flapping, leg movement, body shaking and body position change while settling and feeding on plant leaves were higher in V than in NV whiteflies. Evaluation of probing frequencies by measuring the number and size of holes punctured in parafilm by whiteflies revealed that most holes had a diameter of 7.5-26.7 µm, which is within the range of proboscis diameters of whiteflies. There were more small-sized holes than medium- and large-sized holes. Male whiteflies produced more small-sized holes, but females more mid-sized holes. V whiteflies showed increased hole numbers but decreased feeding duration relative to NV whiteflies. Adult B. tabaci showed higher frequencies of probing and feeding behaviours when infected with TYLCV. These manipulations of feeding behaviours of insect vectors may result in increased transmission of plant virus.
Plant viruses are responsible for the most devastating and commercially significant plant disease... more Plant viruses are responsible for the most devastating and commercially significant plant diseases, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. The genus begomovirus is the largest one in the family Geminiviridae, with a single-stranded DNA genome, either monopartite or bipartite. Begomoviruses are transmitted by insect vectors, such as Bemisia tabaci. Begomoviruses are the major causative agents of diseases in agriculture globally. Because of their diversity and mode of evolution, they are thought to be geographic specific. The emerging begomoviruses are of serious concern due to their increasing host range and geographical expansion. Several begomoviruses of Asiatic origin have been reported in Europe, causing massive economic losses; insect-borne transmission of viruses is a critical factor in virus outbreaks in new geographical regions. This review highlights crucial information regarding Asia’s four emerging and highly destructive begomoviruses. We also provided information...
Received: July 26, 2016 Revised : August 20, 2016 Accepted: August 25, 2016 Published: August 31,... more Received: July 26, 2016 Revised : August 20, 2016 Accepted: August 25, 2016 Published: August 31, 2016 A research work was conducted to develop alternative method instead of using synthetic insecticides to control whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) and TYLCV under the field condition. Azadirachtin (Extract of neem leaves) and whey protein (Esterification from cow milk) are non-toxic and relatively harmless to human. Therefore, four treatments, control (T0), azadirachtin with whey protein together (T1), azadirachtin only (T2), and whey protein only (T3) with four replications of each treatment following RCBD design were sprayed of solution @1ml/L at 7 days interval after initial releasing of 100 TYLCVviruliferous whiteflies in each replication. The number of whiteflies were significantly decreased in T1 (62.50±6.81) and significantly increased in T0 (230.50±6.81). The maximum height of plants (97.50±2.68 cm) were found in T1 and the minimum height (82.50±2.68 cm) of same aged plant were found...
Sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, is a vector of more than 100 plant-diseased viruses, as wel... more Sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, is a vector of more than 100 plant-diseased viruses, as well as a serious pest of various horticultural plants. This species harbors a primary endosymbiont Portiera along with several secondary endosymbionts such as Cardinium and Hamiltonella. We investigated whether or not TYLCV acquisition alters the densities of endosymbionts in the body of B. tabaci using quantitative real-time PCR. Our results showed that the densities of both Cardinium and Hamiltonella, but not Portiera, increased upon acquisition of TYLCV. In addition, expression of GroEL, a molecular chaperone produced by Hamiltonella, was significantly upregulated in TYLCV-infected whiteflies. Our results suggest that endosymbionts may play an important role in TYLCV transmission mechanism within the body of B. tabaci.
Received: May 23, 2016 Revised : June 19, 2016 Accepted: June 23, 2016 Published: August 31, 2016... more Received: May 23, 2016 Revised : June 19, 2016 Accepted: June 23, 2016 Published: August 31, 2016 Three digestive enzymes namely trypsin, alkaline phosphatase, lipase and two genes knottin 3 and vitellogenin were evaluated against whitefly after feeding with 5 ppm azadirachtin for 12 hours. Down regulated activity of all the three enzymes were observed. The transcript level of the two genes, related to reproductive system and cytoskeleton respectively were observed feeding with azadirachtin at similar concentration and exposure period as enzyme activity. It was observed that azadirachtin significantly inhibited the expression of both of the genes vitellogenin and knottin 3. *Corresponding author: asadpstu@yahoo.com
The study was carried out at the Agriculture research field of Patuakhali Science and Technology ... more The study was carried out at the Agriculture research field of Patuakhali Science and Technology University (PSTU) from March to October, 2017 to explore rooting performance of Aegle marmelos (Bael) through clonal propagation by stem cutting under 3 different doses of IBA (Indole Buetaric Acid) and planted in the perforated plastic tray filled with coarse sand and gravel placed in the non-mist propagator. The experiment was laid out following a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 4 treatments and 4 replications (blocks). The treatments were T0= control, T1 = 0.2% IBA, T2 = 0.4% IBA, T3 = 0.8% IBA. The rooting ability of cuttings was significantly influenced by the application of IBA. The highest rooting percentage (60%) was recorded in A. marmelos both with 0.2% and 0.4% IBA followed by 0.8% IBA (40%). Longest root (3 cm) was recorded with 0.4% IBA followed by 0.2% IBA (1.2 cm). The maximum root number (2.25) and root diameter (2 mm) obtained from cuttings treated with 0.8%...
Vector-borne plant virus transmission is a complex mechanism involving various interactions of vi... more Vector-borne plant virus transmission is a complex mechanism involving various interactions of viruses, vectors and plants. Plant viruses modify, either directly or indirectly, the rates of development, reproduction and behavior of vector insects in a positive, negative, or neutral manner. The sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, is the only known vector of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV) which is a virus that seriously damaged tomato cultivars all around the world. Acquisition of TYLCV influences on various developmental, physiological and molecular mechanisms of Q1 biotype B. tabaci. We compared several behavioral and physiological characteristics between non-viruliferous (NV) and TYLCV-viruliferous (V) of Q1 biotype whiteflies. When B. tabaci acquired TYLCV, total life span was shorter and fecundity was lower than NV ones. V whiteflies were more susceptible to thermal stress by increasing hsp mRNA levels but higher in mortality by either heat or cold shocks. Furthermore, V...
Whiteflies harbor several secondary endosymbionts, which are maternally inherited from mother to ... more Whiteflies harbor several secondary endosymbionts, which are maternally inherited from mother to offspring, that have major effects on host preferences, biology, and evolution. Here, we identified Wolbachia bacteria in sweetpotato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) as well as whitefly popluations from other countries by comparison of 16S rDNA sequences. Wolbachia were detected in all tested indigenous B. tabaci populations (Bangladesh, Myanmar, Nepal, and the Philippines) as well as Q1 biotype of Korea, whereas they were absent from B biotype of Korea and Q biotype of China. Wolbachia were also detected in all five tested Aleurodicus dispersus populations as well as Tetraleurodes acaciae, whereas they were not detected in all seven Trialeurodes vaporariorum populatuions. In addiiton, Wolbachia were detected in parasitic wasp (Encarsia formosa) of B. tabaci as well as honeybee (Apis mellifera). Among the 19 whitefly populations from different countries, our analysis identified four phylogenet...
The present study was carried out at the Agriculture research field, Patuakhali Science And Techn... more The present study was carried out at the Agriculture research field, Patuakhali Science And Technology University(PSTU), Patuakhali, from March, 2015 to April, 2016 to explore the domestication potential and to evaluate the rooting performance of Flacourtia indica (katabohori), a wild fruit species in Bangladesh, through clonal propagation by stem cutting under 3 different doses of rooting hormone IBA (Indole Buetaric Acid) and planted in the perforated plastic tray filled with coarse sand and gravel placed in the non-mist propagator. The experiment was laid out following a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 4 treatments and 4 replications (blocks). The treatments were T0= control, T1 = 0.2% IBA, T2 = 0.4% IBA, T3 = 0.8% IBA. The rooting ability of cuttings was significantly influenced by the application of IBA. The results showed that the highest rooting percentage (100) and maximum root number (8) of Flacourtia indica stem cuttings were obtained from the cuttings treated...
Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2014
The effects of a newly developed flower thinning formulation (FTF) on the vitality of the honey b... more The effects of a newly developed flower thinning formulation (FTF) on the vitality of the honey bee Apis mellifera were examined by measuring the activities of various digestive enzymes in adult worker bees. First, direct spraying of the FTF solution did not cause any behavioral changes or lethal effects for the honey bees based on 24 h observation. Second, oral ingestion of a sugar solution containing the FTF did not produce any significant change in the activities of amylase, proteinases, lipase, or acetylcholine esterase (AChE) in the worker bees 6 h or 24 h after treatment. Meanwhile, a commercial formulation containing sulfur compounds showed slightly reduced activities for several digestive enzymes and AChE, although no behavioral disturbance. Thus, the results of the present study suggest that the FTF is not toxic for honey bees, in terms of contact and ingestion. Therefore, this newly developed FTF can be used for flower thinning without any detrimental effects on pollinating insects.
J. Entorno!., 3 (2): 136-142, 2006 ha of rice in 1991 and 100,000 ha in 1992. Approximately 90,00... more J. Entorno!., 3 (2): 136-142, 2006 ha of rice in 1991 and 100,000 ha in 1992. Approximately 90,000 metric tons of insecticides valued at 116 million dollars were applied to suppress insect pests in 1991, most of them were used for BPH control (Anonymous.,1992). The brown plant ...
The behaviour of insect vectors can be altered by the acquisition of plant viruses. Bemisia tabac... more The behaviour of insect vectors can be altered by the acquisition of plant viruses. Bemisia tabaci, which is the vector of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), causes damage to susceptible tomato cultivars. Here, the frequencies of several behavioural characteristics related to probing and feeding that are exhibited by non-viruliferous (NV) and TYLCV-viruliferous (V) adult B. tabaci were compared using a sandwich-type parafilm cage. The frequencies of behaviours such as wing flapping, leg movement, body shaking and body position change while settling and feeding on plant leaves were higher in V than in NV whiteflies. Evaluation of probing frequencies by measuring the number and size of holes punctured in parafilm by whiteflies revealed that most holes had a diameter of 7.5-26.7 µm, which is within the range of proboscis diameters of whiteflies. There were more small-sized holes than medium- and large-sized holes. Male whiteflies produced more small-sized holes, but females more mid-sized holes. V whiteflies showed increased hole numbers but decreased feeding duration relative to NV whiteflies. Adult B. tabaci showed higher frequencies of probing and feeding behaviours when infected with TYLCV. These manipulations of feeding behaviours of insect vectors may result in increased transmission of plant virus.
Uploads
Papers by Hemayet Jahan