Field crickets belong to the family; Gryllidae (insect: orthoptera), with flattened bodies and lo... more Field crickets belong to the family; Gryllidae (insect: orthoptera), with flattened bodies and long antennae. They are omnivores and scavengers that normally feed on organic materials as well as decaying plant materials. A survey of the endoparasites of field crickets ( Brachytrupes membranaceous ) in the eastern zone of Kogi State, north-central Nigeria, was undertaken between April and June, 2016. A total of 150 field crickets ( Brachytrupes membranaceous ) were collected at nine locations and were dissected in petriplates. The midgut region of the alimentary canal dissected and examined for parasites. Out of the 150 samples examined, 64 (42.6%) had different types of parasites. The gut parasites encountered were 14(9.3%) Spinochordodes sp., and 50 (33.3%) Paragordius sp. The highest prevalence was observed in May, while the male Field Crickets were most affected. The results observed in the present study suggest that field crickets normally consumed as a special delicacy in this area, might be a potential reservoir for zoonotic parasites. There is need for intensive public health enlightenment on the danger of consuming raw or improperly prepared field crickets. Keywords: Crickets; helminthes; parasites; eastern Kogi; Nigeria
Histopathology of fish in a concomitant infection of three different species of clinostomatid met... more Histopathology of fish in a concomitant infection of three different species of clinostomatid metacercariae: Clinostomum tilapiae, Clinostomum complanatum, and Euclinostomum heterostomum has become necessary due to its want of knowledge. Description of enormous debilitating skin damages, occasional deaths, unilateral exophthalmus, and degeneration of skin, myositis, haemorrhages, eosinophils, necrosis and economic destruction of Tilapia zillii values by these metacercariae were studied. These parasites dry body weights (mg); C. complanatum (0.0071 ± 0.0023b) and E. heterostomum (0.0067 ± 0.0023b) did not show any significant difference (P < 0.05 %), whereas C. complanatum and E. heterostomum showed significant difference with C. tilapiae (0.0050 ± 0.0015a). The effects of hydrological regime showed that reduced rains (153.54 ± 109.42 cm3) and floodplain influenced the occurrence of these digenean parasites which peaked during dry season months (Nov 2007 – March 2008) when the ha...
Fish parasites constitute a major problem to fish and fisheries in the tropics. Monthly sampling ... more Fish parasites constitute a major problem to fish and fisheries in the tropics. Monthly sampling of catches in Rivers Niger and Benue at the confluence area was carried out between March 2007 and February 2008 to determine the occurrence of parasites in<em> Auchinoglanis occidentalis</em> as part of a larger research work on parasites of Siluriformes. A total of 74 fish hosts were examined, 41(55.40%) were infected, while 33(44.59%) were uninfected. Thirteen (13) parasite species were identified. These included 2 protozoans (<em>Myxobolus </em>sp. and the Trichodinid ciliates), 1 digenean (metacercaria of <em>Pygidiopsis genata</em>), 3 cestodes (<em>Monobothrioides woodlandii</em>, <em>Bothriocephalus acheilognathii, Proteocephalus largoproglotis</em>), 5 nematodes (<em>Procamallanus laevionchus, Rhabdochona congolensis, Spinitectus guntheri, Oxyuris equi, Contracaecum microcephalum</em>) and 2 acanthocephalan ...
The leaf, stem and bark of Eucalyptus citriodora are combined for use in the treatment of malaria... more The leaf, stem and bark of Eucalyptus citriodora are combined for use in the treatment of malaria in Anyigba, North Central, Nigeria. However, no scientific investigations have been carried out to know the effect of this plant on biochemical parameters of experimental mice. Thus, this study evaluated the biochemical parameters of mice infected with Plasmodium berghei after the administration of ethanolic leaf extract of E citriodora. Twenty-four (24) mice of body weights between 18-25 g were grouped into six groups. Group 1, infected but not treated (negative control), group 2, infected and administered with 0.2 mg/kg of chloroquine (positive control), group 3, not infected, but administered with 0.2 ml of normal saline (normal control), while the remaining three (3) groups were infected and treated with 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight of the extract respectfully. The pack cell volume (PCV) was assessed before and after infection and treatment using standard procedure. The mice w...
Field crickets belong to the family; Gryllidae (insect: orthoptera), with flattened bodies and lo... more Field crickets belong to the family; Gryllidae (insect: orthoptera), with flattened bodies and long antennae. They are omnivores and scavengers that normally feed on organic materials as well as decaying plant materials. A survey of the endoparasites of field crickets ( Brachytrupes membranaceous ) in the eastern zone of Kogi State, north-central Nigeria, was undertaken between April and June, 2016. A total of 150 field crickets ( Brachytrupes membranaceous ) were collected at nine locations and were dissected in petriplates. The midgut region of the alimentary canal dissected and examined for parasites. Out of the 150 samples examined, 64 (42.6%) had different types of parasites. The gut parasites encountered were 14(9.3%) Spinochordodes sp., and 50 (33.3%) Paragordius sp. The highest prevalence was observed in May, while the male Field Crickets were most affected. The results observed in the present study suggest that field crickets normally consumed as a special delicacy in this area, might be a potential reservoir for zoonotic parasites. There is need for intensive public health enlightenment on the danger of consuming raw or improperly prepared field crickets. Keywords: Crickets; helminthes; parasites; eastern Kogi; Nigeria
Fascioliosis, also known as liver fluke disease, is a hepatic parasitic infection caused by three... more Fascioliosis, also known as liver fluke disease, is a hepatic parasitic infection caused by three trematodes, Fasciola hepatica, Fasciola buski and Fasciola gigantica1 with the definitive hosts range from herbivorous mammals to humans. Fascioliosis is transmitted by fresh water snails Lymnae.1,2,3 Fascioliosis has the largest geographical widespread of any emerging vector-borne zoonosis, occurring in 51 countries worldwide.4 It causes significant economic losses to global agriculture, estimated at N3 billion USD annually, through liver condemnation and reduction of milk and meat yields.5,6 The World Health Organization estimated that 2.4 million people are infected with Fasciola species and a further 180 million are at risk of infection.7 Fascioliosis gains public concern not only due to its prevalence and economic significance to animal stock in all continents8,9 but also to its zoonotic aspect. Fasciola are haematophagous, their infection usually results in anaemia10 and can cause a high proportion of mortalities, especially in small ruminants and calves.8 Over the last decade there has been a substantial increase in the number of fascioliosis cases recorded. It is spurred on by both environmental changes (warmer, wetter climate) and man-made modifications such as an increase in animal movements and intensification of livestock farming.1 Studies in Nigeria reported that bulky nature of cattle faeces, high and sufficient moisture content of the soil gives room for larval development and survival which enabled the third larval stage to remain in the fecal droppings in the dry season until the onset of the rains, when they are released and the faeces used as a manure.11,12 The use of meat inspection to detect disease cases in slaughter facilities is particularly useful in Africa where laboratory capacity for routine disease diagnosis is limited.13,14 with paucity of empirical information on the burdens and associated predisposing internal (biological) and external (climatic and environmental) factors for Fascioliosis such data are needed to serve as convenient and inexpensive source of information for the development of fascioliosis control programs in Nigeria.15 This study assess the impact of environmental risk factors on the prevalence of bovine fascioliosis in trade cattle slaughtered in municipal abattoirs in Niger State, Nigeria.
Field crickets belong to the family; Gryllidae (insect: orthoptera), with flattened bodies and lo... more Field crickets belong to the family; Gryllidae (insect: orthoptera), with flattened bodies and long antennae. They are omnivores and scavengers that normally feed on organic materials as well as decaying plant materials. A survey of the endoparasites of field crickets ( Brachytrupes membranaceous ) in the eastern zone of Kogi State, north-central Nigeria, was undertaken between April and June, 2016. A total of 150 field crickets ( Brachytrupes membranaceous ) were collected at nine locations and were dissected in petriplates. The midgut region of the alimentary canal dissected and examined for parasites. Out of the 150 samples examined, 64 (42.6%) had different types of parasites. The gut parasites encountered were 14(9.3%) Spinochordodes sp., and 50 (33.3%) Paragordius sp. The highest prevalence was observed in May, while the male Field Crickets were most affected. The results observed in the present study suggest that field crickets normally consumed as a special delicacy in this area, might be a potential reservoir for zoonotic parasites. There is need for intensive public health enlightenment on the danger of consuming raw or improperly prepared field crickets. Keywords: Crickets; helminthes; parasites; eastern Kogi; Nigeria
Histopathology of fish in a concomitant infection of three different species of clinostomatid met... more Histopathology of fish in a concomitant infection of three different species of clinostomatid metacercariae: Clinostomum tilapiae, Clinostomum complanatum, and Euclinostomum heterostomum has become necessary due to its want of knowledge. Description of enormous debilitating skin damages, occasional deaths, unilateral exophthalmus, and degeneration of skin, myositis, haemorrhages, eosinophils, necrosis and economic destruction of Tilapia zillii values by these metacercariae were studied. These parasites dry body weights (mg); C. complanatum (0.0071 ± 0.0023b) and E. heterostomum (0.0067 ± 0.0023b) did not show any significant difference (P < 0.05 %), whereas C. complanatum and E. heterostomum showed significant difference with C. tilapiae (0.0050 ± 0.0015a). The effects of hydrological regime showed that reduced rains (153.54 ± 109.42 cm3) and floodplain influenced the occurrence of these digenean parasites which peaked during dry season months (Nov 2007 – March 2008) when the ha...
Fish parasites constitute a major problem to fish and fisheries in the tropics. Monthly sampling ... more Fish parasites constitute a major problem to fish and fisheries in the tropics. Monthly sampling of catches in Rivers Niger and Benue at the confluence area was carried out between March 2007 and February 2008 to determine the occurrence of parasites in<em> Auchinoglanis occidentalis</em> as part of a larger research work on parasites of Siluriformes. A total of 74 fish hosts were examined, 41(55.40%) were infected, while 33(44.59%) were uninfected. Thirteen (13) parasite species were identified. These included 2 protozoans (<em>Myxobolus </em>sp. and the Trichodinid ciliates), 1 digenean (metacercaria of <em>Pygidiopsis genata</em>), 3 cestodes (<em>Monobothrioides woodlandii</em>, <em>Bothriocephalus acheilognathii, Proteocephalus largoproglotis</em>), 5 nematodes (<em>Procamallanus laevionchus, Rhabdochona congolensis, Spinitectus guntheri, Oxyuris equi, Contracaecum microcephalum</em>) and 2 acanthocephalan ...
The leaf, stem and bark of Eucalyptus citriodora are combined for use in the treatment of malaria... more The leaf, stem and bark of Eucalyptus citriodora are combined for use in the treatment of malaria in Anyigba, North Central, Nigeria. However, no scientific investigations have been carried out to know the effect of this plant on biochemical parameters of experimental mice. Thus, this study evaluated the biochemical parameters of mice infected with Plasmodium berghei after the administration of ethanolic leaf extract of E citriodora. Twenty-four (24) mice of body weights between 18-25 g were grouped into six groups. Group 1, infected but not treated (negative control), group 2, infected and administered with 0.2 mg/kg of chloroquine (positive control), group 3, not infected, but administered with 0.2 ml of normal saline (normal control), while the remaining three (3) groups were infected and treated with 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight of the extract respectfully. The pack cell volume (PCV) was assessed before and after infection and treatment using standard procedure. The mice w...
Field crickets belong to the family; Gryllidae (insect: orthoptera), with flattened bodies and lo... more Field crickets belong to the family; Gryllidae (insect: orthoptera), with flattened bodies and long antennae. They are omnivores and scavengers that normally feed on organic materials as well as decaying plant materials. A survey of the endoparasites of field crickets ( Brachytrupes membranaceous ) in the eastern zone of Kogi State, north-central Nigeria, was undertaken between April and June, 2016. A total of 150 field crickets ( Brachytrupes membranaceous ) were collected at nine locations and were dissected in petriplates. The midgut region of the alimentary canal dissected and examined for parasites. Out of the 150 samples examined, 64 (42.6%) had different types of parasites. The gut parasites encountered were 14(9.3%) Spinochordodes sp., and 50 (33.3%) Paragordius sp. The highest prevalence was observed in May, while the male Field Crickets were most affected. The results observed in the present study suggest that field crickets normally consumed as a special delicacy in this area, might be a potential reservoir for zoonotic parasites. There is need for intensive public health enlightenment on the danger of consuming raw or improperly prepared field crickets. Keywords: Crickets; helminthes; parasites; eastern Kogi; Nigeria
Fascioliosis, also known as liver fluke disease, is a hepatic parasitic infection caused by three... more Fascioliosis, also known as liver fluke disease, is a hepatic parasitic infection caused by three trematodes, Fasciola hepatica, Fasciola buski and Fasciola gigantica1 with the definitive hosts range from herbivorous mammals to humans. Fascioliosis is transmitted by fresh water snails Lymnae.1,2,3 Fascioliosis has the largest geographical widespread of any emerging vector-borne zoonosis, occurring in 51 countries worldwide.4 It causes significant economic losses to global agriculture, estimated at N3 billion USD annually, through liver condemnation and reduction of milk and meat yields.5,6 The World Health Organization estimated that 2.4 million people are infected with Fasciola species and a further 180 million are at risk of infection.7 Fascioliosis gains public concern not only due to its prevalence and economic significance to animal stock in all continents8,9 but also to its zoonotic aspect. Fasciola are haematophagous, their infection usually results in anaemia10 and can cause a high proportion of mortalities, especially in small ruminants and calves.8 Over the last decade there has been a substantial increase in the number of fascioliosis cases recorded. It is spurred on by both environmental changes (warmer, wetter climate) and man-made modifications such as an increase in animal movements and intensification of livestock farming.1 Studies in Nigeria reported that bulky nature of cattle faeces, high and sufficient moisture content of the soil gives room for larval development and survival which enabled the third larval stage to remain in the fecal droppings in the dry season until the onset of the rains, when they are released and the faeces used as a manure.11,12 The use of meat inspection to detect disease cases in slaughter facilities is particularly useful in Africa where laboratory capacity for routine disease diagnosis is limited.13,14 with paucity of empirical information on the burdens and associated predisposing internal (biological) and external (climatic and environmental) factors for Fascioliosis such data are needed to serve as convenient and inexpensive source of information for the development of fascioliosis control programs in Nigeria.15 This study assess the impact of environmental risk factors on the prevalence of bovine fascioliosis in trade cattle slaughtered in municipal abattoirs in Niger State, Nigeria.
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