Oil-in-water emulsion has promised values in food, pharmaceutical, drug, cosmetic and allied indu... more Oil-in-water emulsion has promised values in food, pharmaceutical, drug, cosmetic and allied industries. The stable emulsion with long shelf life increases its utility. Many avouring agents are used to increase shelf life as preservative or commercial value. Food grade acids are used to in the emulsion preparation which enhances the taste or avour. The present study focuses the usage of acetic acid, phosphoric acid and oxalic acid. The emulsions for different acids are prepared ranging concentration from 0.001 to 0.003M using lecithin as emulsier and sunower oil. Experiments were done to study organoleptic properties with respect to basicity and dissociation constant values. The colour of the primary emulsion was creamy white and sustainable for acetic acid emulsion to 28 day at experimental temperature 10, 25 and 40 0C. Oxalic acid is recorded a low pH value 1.88 for 0.003 M emulsion solution in compare with acetic acid (3.63) and phosphoric acid (2.32).The relative conductance m...
... Trees were identified with the help of local flora and other relevant literature (Cooke, 1967... more ... Trees were identified with the help of local flora and other relevant literature (Cooke, 1967; Bhat, 2003; Swaminathan & Kochhar, 2003,). ... 94 Tectona grandis Verbenaceae Saguvani I June-Aug T 95 Terminalia arjuna Combretaceae Arjuna I Jan-Mar M ...
Homegardens in the villages of Honnavar taluk is an integrated production system and a stable eco... more Homegardens in the villages of Honnavar taluk is an integrated production system and a stable ecosystem that maintains the diversity of life as well as biological wealth. Honnavar is one of the Coastal Taluks of Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka state. The present study was carried out in 10 villages of Honnavar taluk namely Karki, Haladipur, Mannige, Allanki, Kavalakki, Idagunji, Navilgon, Kelaginoor, Manki and Kadatoka. Of the total 58 homegardens surveyed, 193 plant species were recorded and are distributed among 66 families. The most represented families are Fabaceae (12spp.), Apocyanaceae (11spp.), Cucurbitaceae (10spp.), Euphorbiaceae (10spp.), Acanthaceae (08spp.), Rubiaceae (08spp.), Solanaceae (08spp.), Verbenaceae (07spp.), Asteraceae (06spp.) and Rutaceae (06spp.) in order of decreasing number of species. The survey clearly reveals that the occurrence of medicinal (19.69%), ornamental (35.75%), vegetables (19.69%), fruit (15.03%) yielding plants and miscellaneous (9.84...
The use of plant and plant parts for the treatment of diseases and disorders is oldest practices ... more The use of plant and plant parts for the treatment of diseases and disorders is oldest practices by human beings. Still in the modern lifestyle, the rural and the tribal community depends on local plants for their primary health care. Among the plant diversity, less documentation has observed on medicinal plants of wetland. Keeping this in view, Eriocaulon quinquangulare was selected for antibacterial activities against selected pathogenic bacteria. The plant parts were collected from Khurda to Puri districts of Odisha state. The collected plant parts were subjected for plant extraction followed by phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activities. The results revealed that the experimental plant rich with diverse phytochemicals observed sound antimicrobial activities. The present work highlights the importance of wetland and unexplored floral wealth.
Fruits play predominant role in the diet. Several health based statistical reports highlight the ... more Fruits play predominant role in the diet. Several health based statistical reports highlight the importance of consumption of fruits as they tend to contain broad-spectrum essential nutrients including phenolic antioxidants that impart protective role against several diseases. Western Ghats, one among eight "hottest hot-spots" of biodiversity in world harbor many wild, unexploited and minor fruits which are edible and unfamiliar to large proportion of the global population. Wild edible fruits are important source of food and income for rural communities. Wild fruits are therapeutic in nature and used to treat wide array of diseases including chronic diseases. In the last three decades, increased urbanization and deforestation for agricultural land use has led to destruction of valuable plant species including fruit yielding plants. As a result, substantial decrease in the consumption and utilization of wild edible fruits has been noticed. The present article describes 45 f...
Fruits play predominant role in the diet. Several health based statistical reports highlight the ... more Fruits play predominant role in the diet. Several health based statistical reports highlight the importance of consumption of fruits as they tend to contain broad-spectrum essential nutrients including phenolic antioxidants that impart protective role against several diseases. Western Ghats, one among eight “hottest hot-spots” of biodiversity in world harbor many wild, unexploited and minor fruits which are edible and unfamiliar to large proportion of the global population. Wild edible fruits are important source of food and income for rural communities. Wild fruits are therapeutic in nature and used to treat wide array of diseases including chronic diseases. In the last three decades, increased urbanization and deforestation for agricultural land use has led to destruction of valuable plant species including fruit yielding plants. As a result, substantial decrease in the consumption and utilization of wild edible fruits has been noticed. The present article describes 45 fruits that...
A study on fifteen minor fruits belonging to eleven families was undertaken. The fruits were harv... more A study on fifteen minor fruits belonging to eleven families was undertaken. The fruits were harvested from different geographic locations of Western Ghats, viz., Uttar Kannada, Dharwad and Ooty. Ethnobotanically, various parts of these plants are utilized for treatment of wide array of health disorders such as jaundice, diabetes and dysentery. Fruits were screened for their proximate composition and mineral content. Further the relationship and variation between different attributes analyzed was investigated using two different statistical approaches such as principal component analysis and agglomerative hierarchical clustering. Phenological characters among the studied fruits varied greatly indicating that the fruits occur at different seasons of a year. In the present study, proximate and mineral composition analysis of the fruits indicated that these minor fruits are rich source of nutrients and minerals. Study indicated that fruits such as Carissa spinarum, Opuntia dillenii, Fl...
Introduction The Halakki’s are predominantly found in Uttara Kannada district. They are also know... more Introduction The Halakki’s are predominantly found in Uttara Kannada district. They are also known as ‘Grama Vokkaligas’ living in the foot of Western Ghats in the east and the expanded of the Arabian sea in the west. Their way of living is still ancient; the women adorn themselves with black beads and necklaces. They are agriculturists living on farm lands located at the outskirts of the coastal towns. Their population is nearly 75, 000. (2011 Census). They will speak in Halakki Kannada" refers to the dialect of the state language and have a rich folklore. They will grow some common crops such as Paddy, Finger millet, commercial crops like sugarcane, Ground nut, sweet potato and Black gram in their crop lands and grow many fruit yielding, medicinal, ornamental plants and vegetables throughout the year in their home gardens. Home gardens are recognized as one of the oldest form of managed land use system and are considered to be an epitome of sustainability. Homegardens have be...
Green synthesis of nanoparticles utilizing renewable bioresources has emerged as a new concept in... more Green synthesis of nanoparticles utilizing renewable bioresources has emerged as a new concept in present nanotechnology studies with potential environmental safety. The number of extensive research works indicates that dye degradation using biogenic nanoparticles was found to have potential application and could effectively support in remediation of pollution caused by toxic dyes. Future studies involving biogenic nanoparticle-mediated photocatalysis/catalysis must be engaged in open and larger systems to ensure feasibility and methods involving the pathways in detail. Nonetheless, at present scenario, studies confirm the potential benefits of biogenic nanoparticles under laboratory conditions. On-field trials for efficient effluent treatments have to be assessed and validated. Silver nano-catalysts were used against anthropogenic pollutants mainly nitroamines and azo dyes. These toxic pollutants are harmful to our environment and cause severe health problems. Various nanoparticles...
The aim of the present study was to assess and evaluate the therapeutic value of fruit stalk of C... more The aim of the present study was to assess and evaluate the therapeutic value of fruit stalk of Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum (Dunal) Heiser & Pickersgill found across homegardens of Uttar Kannada. The study involved the screening of phytochemical (qualitative) and quantitative estimation of phenolic content, flavonoid content and to assess their antioxidant potential. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using different in vitro assays such as 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), reducing power assay and total antioxidant capacity. The study indicated presence of different phytochemicals and constituted fair amount of phenolics and flavonoids, and exhibited antioxidant activity in a dose dependent manner. Thus, the present study presents a comprehensive knowledge on the therapeutic value of C. annuum var. glabriusculum fruit stalk which is commonly utilized for medicinal purpose across homegardens of Uttara Kannada.
Lecithin based Oil-in-Water (O/W) emulsion finds a lot of applications in food and cosmetic indus... more Lecithin based Oil-in-Water (O/W) emulsion finds a lot of applications in food and cosmetic industries. The stability of O/W emulsion depends on properties of the emulsifying solution and the ionic impurities present. The present experiment well explained the role of polyvalent Lewis acid salt solution in establishing the stability of emulsion. Lewis acid salts solutions of NaCl, KNO3 BaCl2 MgCl2, Al2(SO4)3 and FeCl3 were used in the preparation of lecithin based O/W emulsion. The ionic activity coefficient calculated from Debye-Hückel limiting law (DHLL) for Lewis metal ions Na+, K+, Ba2+, Mg2+, Al3+ and Fe3+ were found to be 0.955, 0.965,0.869,0.872, 0.737 and 0.737 which directly decrease the pH value of the ionic solutions to 6.9,7.0,7.14,7.04, 2.2 and 2.5 respectively. The conductance of ionic solution increases with decrease in ionic activity coefficient. These trends very strongly destabilize the lecithin O/W emulsion showing a significant order of breakup time of different e...
Homegardens in the villages of Honnavar taluk is an integrated production system and a stable eco... more Homegardens in the villages of Honnavar taluk is an integrated production system and a stable ecosystem that maintains the diversity of life as well as biological wealth. Honnavar is one of the Coastal Taluks of Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka state. The present study was carried out in 10 villages of Honnavar taluk namely Karki, Haladipur, Mannige, Allanki, Kavalakki, Idagunji, Navilgon, Kelaginoor, Manki and Kadatoka. Of the total 58 homegardens surveyed, 193 plant species were recorded and are distributed among 66 families. The most represented families are Fabaceae (12spp.), Apocyanaceae (11spp.), Cucurbitaceae (10spp.), Euphorbiaceae (10spp.), Acanthaceae (08spp.), Rubiaceae (08spp.), Solanaceae (08spp.), Verbenaceae (07spp.), Asteraceae (06spp.) and Rutaceae (06spp.) in order of decreasing number of species. The survey clearly reveals that the occurrence of medicinal (19.69%), ornamental (35.75%), vegetables (19.69%), fruit (15.03%) yielding plants and miscellaneous (9.84%) uses. Some plants considered as food are also used in culinary. Shrubs are the major life forms (66spp.) followed by trees (62spp.), herbs (33spp.) and climbers (32spp.). The minimum number of plant species recorded in a garden is 49 and the maximum number is 139. Species diversity depends on the size of the garden.
Oil-in-water emulsion has promised values in food, pharmaceutical, drug, cosmetic and allied indu... more Oil-in-water emulsion has promised values in food, pharmaceutical, drug, cosmetic and allied industries. The stable emulsion with long shelf life increases its utility. Many avouring agents are used to increase shelf life as preservative or commercial value. Food grade acids are used to in the emulsion preparation which enhances the taste or avour. The present study focuses the usage of acetic acid, phosphoric acid and oxalic acid. The emulsions for different acids are prepared ranging concentration from 0.001 to 0.003M using lecithin as emulsier and sunower oil. Experiments were done to study organoleptic properties with respect to basicity and dissociation constant values. The colour of the primary emulsion was creamy white and sustainable for acetic acid emulsion to 28 day at experimental temperature 10, 25 and 40 0C. Oxalic acid is recorded a low pH value 1.88 for 0.003 M emulsion solution in compare with acetic acid (3.63) and phosphoric acid (2.32).The relative conductance m...
... Trees were identified with the help of local flora and other relevant literature (Cooke, 1967... more ... Trees were identified with the help of local flora and other relevant literature (Cooke, 1967; Bhat, 2003; Swaminathan & Kochhar, 2003,). ... 94 Tectona grandis Verbenaceae Saguvani I June-Aug T 95 Terminalia arjuna Combretaceae Arjuna I Jan-Mar M ...
Homegardens in the villages of Honnavar taluk is an integrated production system and a stable eco... more Homegardens in the villages of Honnavar taluk is an integrated production system and a stable ecosystem that maintains the diversity of life as well as biological wealth. Honnavar is one of the Coastal Taluks of Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka state. The present study was carried out in 10 villages of Honnavar taluk namely Karki, Haladipur, Mannige, Allanki, Kavalakki, Idagunji, Navilgon, Kelaginoor, Manki and Kadatoka. Of the total 58 homegardens surveyed, 193 plant species were recorded and are distributed among 66 families. The most represented families are Fabaceae (12spp.), Apocyanaceae (11spp.), Cucurbitaceae (10spp.), Euphorbiaceae (10spp.), Acanthaceae (08spp.), Rubiaceae (08spp.), Solanaceae (08spp.), Verbenaceae (07spp.), Asteraceae (06spp.) and Rutaceae (06spp.) in order of decreasing number of species. The survey clearly reveals that the occurrence of medicinal (19.69%), ornamental (35.75%), vegetables (19.69%), fruit (15.03%) yielding plants and miscellaneous (9.84...
The use of plant and plant parts for the treatment of diseases and disorders is oldest practices ... more The use of plant and plant parts for the treatment of diseases and disorders is oldest practices by human beings. Still in the modern lifestyle, the rural and the tribal community depends on local plants for their primary health care. Among the plant diversity, less documentation has observed on medicinal plants of wetland. Keeping this in view, Eriocaulon quinquangulare was selected for antibacterial activities against selected pathogenic bacteria. The plant parts were collected from Khurda to Puri districts of Odisha state. The collected plant parts were subjected for plant extraction followed by phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activities. The results revealed that the experimental plant rich with diverse phytochemicals observed sound antimicrobial activities. The present work highlights the importance of wetland and unexplored floral wealth.
Fruits play predominant role in the diet. Several health based statistical reports highlight the ... more Fruits play predominant role in the diet. Several health based statistical reports highlight the importance of consumption of fruits as they tend to contain broad-spectrum essential nutrients including phenolic antioxidants that impart protective role against several diseases. Western Ghats, one among eight "hottest hot-spots" of biodiversity in world harbor many wild, unexploited and minor fruits which are edible and unfamiliar to large proportion of the global population. Wild edible fruits are important source of food and income for rural communities. Wild fruits are therapeutic in nature and used to treat wide array of diseases including chronic diseases. In the last three decades, increased urbanization and deforestation for agricultural land use has led to destruction of valuable plant species including fruit yielding plants. As a result, substantial decrease in the consumption and utilization of wild edible fruits has been noticed. The present article describes 45 f...
Fruits play predominant role in the diet. Several health based statistical reports highlight the ... more Fruits play predominant role in the diet. Several health based statistical reports highlight the importance of consumption of fruits as they tend to contain broad-spectrum essential nutrients including phenolic antioxidants that impart protective role against several diseases. Western Ghats, one among eight “hottest hot-spots” of biodiversity in world harbor many wild, unexploited and minor fruits which are edible and unfamiliar to large proportion of the global population. Wild edible fruits are important source of food and income for rural communities. Wild fruits are therapeutic in nature and used to treat wide array of diseases including chronic diseases. In the last three decades, increased urbanization and deforestation for agricultural land use has led to destruction of valuable plant species including fruit yielding plants. As a result, substantial decrease in the consumption and utilization of wild edible fruits has been noticed. The present article describes 45 fruits that...
A study on fifteen minor fruits belonging to eleven families was undertaken. The fruits were harv... more A study on fifteen minor fruits belonging to eleven families was undertaken. The fruits were harvested from different geographic locations of Western Ghats, viz., Uttar Kannada, Dharwad and Ooty. Ethnobotanically, various parts of these plants are utilized for treatment of wide array of health disorders such as jaundice, diabetes and dysentery. Fruits were screened for their proximate composition and mineral content. Further the relationship and variation between different attributes analyzed was investigated using two different statistical approaches such as principal component analysis and agglomerative hierarchical clustering. Phenological characters among the studied fruits varied greatly indicating that the fruits occur at different seasons of a year. In the present study, proximate and mineral composition analysis of the fruits indicated that these minor fruits are rich source of nutrients and minerals. Study indicated that fruits such as Carissa spinarum, Opuntia dillenii, Fl...
Introduction The Halakki’s are predominantly found in Uttara Kannada district. They are also know... more Introduction The Halakki’s are predominantly found in Uttara Kannada district. They are also known as ‘Grama Vokkaligas’ living in the foot of Western Ghats in the east and the expanded of the Arabian sea in the west. Their way of living is still ancient; the women adorn themselves with black beads and necklaces. They are agriculturists living on farm lands located at the outskirts of the coastal towns. Their population is nearly 75, 000. (2011 Census). They will speak in Halakki Kannada" refers to the dialect of the state language and have a rich folklore. They will grow some common crops such as Paddy, Finger millet, commercial crops like sugarcane, Ground nut, sweet potato and Black gram in their crop lands and grow many fruit yielding, medicinal, ornamental plants and vegetables throughout the year in their home gardens. Home gardens are recognized as one of the oldest form of managed land use system and are considered to be an epitome of sustainability. Homegardens have be...
Green synthesis of nanoparticles utilizing renewable bioresources has emerged as a new concept in... more Green synthesis of nanoparticles utilizing renewable bioresources has emerged as a new concept in present nanotechnology studies with potential environmental safety. The number of extensive research works indicates that dye degradation using biogenic nanoparticles was found to have potential application and could effectively support in remediation of pollution caused by toxic dyes. Future studies involving biogenic nanoparticle-mediated photocatalysis/catalysis must be engaged in open and larger systems to ensure feasibility and methods involving the pathways in detail. Nonetheless, at present scenario, studies confirm the potential benefits of biogenic nanoparticles under laboratory conditions. On-field trials for efficient effluent treatments have to be assessed and validated. Silver nano-catalysts were used against anthropogenic pollutants mainly nitroamines and azo dyes. These toxic pollutants are harmful to our environment and cause severe health problems. Various nanoparticles...
The aim of the present study was to assess and evaluate the therapeutic value of fruit stalk of C... more The aim of the present study was to assess and evaluate the therapeutic value of fruit stalk of Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum (Dunal) Heiser & Pickersgill found across homegardens of Uttar Kannada. The study involved the screening of phytochemical (qualitative) and quantitative estimation of phenolic content, flavonoid content and to assess their antioxidant potential. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using different in vitro assays such as 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), reducing power assay and total antioxidant capacity. The study indicated presence of different phytochemicals and constituted fair amount of phenolics and flavonoids, and exhibited antioxidant activity in a dose dependent manner. Thus, the present study presents a comprehensive knowledge on the therapeutic value of C. annuum var. glabriusculum fruit stalk which is commonly utilized for medicinal purpose across homegardens of Uttara Kannada.
Lecithin based Oil-in-Water (O/W) emulsion finds a lot of applications in food and cosmetic indus... more Lecithin based Oil-in-Water (O/W) emulsion finds a lot of applications in food and cosmetic industries. The stability of O/W emulsion depends on properties of the emulsifying solution and the ionic impurities present. The present experiment well explained the role of polyvalent Lewis acid salt solution in establishing the stability of emulsion. Lewis acid salts solutions of NaCl, KNO3 BaCl2 MgCl2, Al2(SO4)3 and FeCl3 were used in the preparation of lecithin based O/W emulsion. The ionic activity coefficient calculated from Debye-Hückel limiting law (DHLL) for Lewis metal ions Na+, K+, Ba2+, Mg2+, Al3+ and Fe3+ were found to be 0.955, 0.965,0.869,0.872, 0.737 and 0.737 which directly decrease the pH value of the ionic solutions to 6.9,7.0,7.14,7.04, 2.2 and 2.5 respectively. The conductance of ionic solution increases with decrease in ionic activity coefficient. These trends very strongly destabilize the lecithin O/W emulsion showing a significant order of breakup time of different e...
Homegardens in the villages of Honnavar taluk is an integrated production system and a stable eco... more Homegardens in the villages of Honnavar taluk is an integrated production system and a stable ecosystem that maintains the diversity of life as well as biological wealth. Honnavar is one of the Coastal Taluks of Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka state. The present study was carried out in 10 villages of Honnavar taluk namely Karki, Haladipur, Mannige, Allanki, Kavalakki, Idagunji, Navilgon, Kelaginoor, Manki and Kadatoka. Of the total 58 homegardens surveyed, 193 plant species were recorded and are distributed among 66 families. The most represented families are Fabaceae (12spp.), Apocyanaceae (11spp.), Cucurbitaceae (10spp.), Euphorbiaceae (10spp.), Acanthaceae (08spp.), Rubiaceae (08spp.), Solanaceae (08spp.), Verbenaceae (07spp.), Asteraceae (06spp.) and Rutaceae (06spp.) in order of decreasing number of species. The survey clearly reveals that the occurrence of medicinal (19.69%), ornamental (35.75%), vegetables (19.69%), fruit (15.03%) yielding plants and miscellaneous (9.84%) uses. Some plants considered as food are also used in culinary. Shrubs are the major life forms (66spp.) followed by trees (62spp.), herbs (33spp.) and climbers (32spp.). The minimum number of plant species recorded in a garden is 49 and the maximum number is 139. Species diversity depends on the size of the garden.
Uploads
Papers by Shivanand Bhat