Papers by Madeleine Denopra
Amid criticisms hurled at alternative forms of development aid as limited, lacking in structure a... more Amid criticisms hurled at alternative forms of development aid as limited, lacking in structure and method, unsustainable and a depoliticising agent, a new variety of proactive fourth-pillar actors across the world are seen initiating and exploring new solutions within their capacity. Their emergence can be seen as a response to the challenges posed by globalisation alongside the legitimacy and accountability crises confronting development specialists and institutions. As little is known yet about this new pillar in the
academic literature, it is worthwhile to find out what drives fourth-pillar initiatives, how they do it, and what outcomes they produce. Corollary to these questions, what is the value as well as limitation of their
work? To support the analysis, this paper consults several related theories: the notion of caring, gift theory, contemporary political philosophy (charity, justice, and ethics of aid), development theory, and
development cooperation studies. This paper attempts to shed light on these questions by putting the spotlight on a specific case of fourth-pillar initiative. The only multi-awarded choir in the Philippines with
a social responsibility arm, the University of the Philippines Singing Ambassadors (UPSA) charges itself with the role of engaging directly in outreach projects both locally and internationally. It does so not only
via fund-raising performances but also direct collaborations on development projects outside performances. Its social fluidity, regular travels, extensive global support network, and collaborative openness make it a promising hybrid organization working for many development causes when it sees an opportunity to be instrumentalised. One of its recent achievements is the tapping of resources from Europe to support poor communities and calamity victims in the Philippines. This it does through its deep personal ties with European choral friends as well as European and Filipino diasporic communities. With repeated exchanges and after conducting workshops and outreach programs in Europe for the benefit of Europeans and diasporic communities, strong bonds of friendship and circles of trust have been formed. This paper concludes that fourth-pillar initiatives should be perceived as helpful, enabling, and complementary development agents with regard to fulfilling development objectives it shares with the other three pillars of development cooperation. Their positive contributions should be appreciated rather than downplayed, even when ensuring effectiveness and sustainability could be challenging. Their independent capacity to help as relatively more disinterested and altruistic actors, albeit often informal and less structured, prove their legitimacy and value in the long run. However, they are encouraged to maintain operations of their individual organizations, their ties of friendships sustained, and their
enthusiasm remain even when it comes to logistical work.
The pursuit of sustainable fisheries management has been continually constrained by illegal, unre... more The pursuit of sustainable fisheries management has been continually constrained by illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing practices that plague the marine environment, fishing communities, and consumers the world over. This serious global
threat has been recognized by the UN, the FAO, states, regional fisheries management organizations, and other multilateral actors. The battle against which, however, is notably
strategic in the EU’s pioneering IUU Regulation (No. 1005/2008) under its Common Fisheries Policy. This policy instrument obliges Member States as well as external trade partners to systematically ensure the sustainable use of the world’s fish resources and
specifically confront IUU fishing activities.
This study investigated the impact of the IUU Regulation particularly on the Philippines as one of the two fishing nations (the other being Papua New Guinea) issued with a ‘yellow card’ or pre-identified by the European Union in June of 2014 as a possible non-cooperating country. This made the Philippines a candidate for eventual fish trade sanctions if necessary reforms to comply with the Regulation were not made within a specified (albeit a context-sensitive and negotiable) time frame. In April of 2015, the
yellow tag was lifted in recognition of the country’s constant cooperation and achieved legal and administrative reforms, showing readiness to fight IUU fishing. The study
attempted to explain the extent of success of the EU IUU Regulation on the Philippines as well as the conditions that shaped this success.
A policy diffusion approach enabled the study to: (1) identify the logics of social action and diffusion mechanisms at play; and (2) analyze the level and conditions of effectiveness of the concerned policy. The study revealed that: combined logics of
consequences, appropriateness, and, to a lesser degree, arguing, characterized the EU’s approach on the Philippines; under these logics, the EU demonstrated mainly direct diffusion mechanisms such as manipulating utility calculations in the form of
conditionality (the threat of trade measures) and capacity-building (technical and financial assistance), socialisation, and, to a mild extent, persuasion; the effectiveness of the IUU Regulation fully reached the level of rule adoption but not yet rule implementation, considering that implementation rules and guidelines to the newly amended law are still being drafted. Furthermore, the mechanisms and effectiveness of the IUU Regulation were shaped by the following conditions: the weight of the EU’s market power that works, at the same time, within the context of a partnership and cooperation framework; the
legitimacy of EU's institutional leadership; and the domestic structures that influenced transition from legal and administrative weaknesses to a remarkable improvement in a span of ten months after the yellow warning was issued.
Overall, these findings showed that the success of the EU IUU Regulation on the Philippines necessarily required a complex and fastidious approach both from the EU and the Philippines. The implementation of the IUU Regulation on the Philippines is a good case of explaining the importance of understanding the intricacies of EU-third country interaction. Combining logics of social action demonstrates a 'carrot and stick' strategy and the application of only one of them would render the policy ineffective. Moreover, the convergence of interests, like-mindedness, and a shared committment to observing international norms, were important in shaping the effectiveness of this case of policy diffusion. The study showed that the Philippines and the EU had the same idea about the way forward.
Very short essay: Linguistic philosopher Philippe Van Parisj's Linguistic Territoriality Principl... more Very short essay: Linguistic philosopher Philippe Van Parisj's Linguistic Territoriality Principle critiqued by Prof. Dr. Helder De Schutter who promotes linguistic pluralism ("Let's Brusselize the World!") - my position.
This research employed the feminist stylistic framework of Sara Mills in determining the differen... more This research employed the feminist stylistic framework of Sara Mills in determining the difference between Kerima Polotan-Tuvera’s women and men characters in her four Palanca
Award-winning first-prize short stories, namely, “The Virgin” (1952), “The Trap” (1956), “The Tourists” (1959), and “The Sounds of Sunday” (1960). The focused reading of the texts inevitably led to the identification of the author’s distinct writing style/practice as a fictionist. The selected short stories were analyzed using the model provided by Sara Mills, which aims to
investigate texts at the level of word, phrase/sentence, and discourse. The research identified dominant and recurring features in the four stories. Women characters differ from the men in that there are more descriptions given to them which pertain to their thoughts, emotions, experiences, vulnerability towards men, and their physical characteristics. Men are described according to their physical strength, personalities, attitudes, which dominate women. Overall, the research
shows that at all levels of analysis, the stories consistently foreground the female consciousness and experience. At the same time, the stories also magnify the pervading dominance of men over women in many circumstances. In these stories, the woman’s greatest dilemma always concerns her relationship with men, as if the woman’s worst weakness is her very own attraction and helplessness towards them. These recurring features reveal the distinct writing style/practice of
the author. Finally, the study reveals that sexism and gender stereotyping are found in the stories, characteristic of the writing of a female author expressing herself as a woman living in a male-dominated society.
Drafts by Madeleine Denopra
The Philippines has recently come up in several research data as the most socially engaged nation... more The Philippines has recently come up in several research data as the most socially engaged nation online. This distinction is currently more pronounced in the practice of online activism by Filipinos the world over. Since the campaign period for the May 2016 national elections, Duterte's perceived brutish personality as well as unorthodox approach towards the drug problem and criminality in the country has become a favorite theme on the social media of perpetually online Filipinos. This heated political debate does not only reflect a tech-savvy society but also a highly polarized citizenry that is divided on their views on Duterte's policies. Among Duterte's controversial moves is his aggressive " war on drugs " wherein he encourages the police force to " shoot-to-kill " (instead of shoot-to-disable) drug suspects if they show resistance to arresting officers (the Filipino verb for this kind of resistance is nanlaban, which has now become an infamous term in the country). Corollary to this move is his proclaimed aversion towards both local and international critics, including human rights groups, outspoken foreign officials, the EU, and the UN, among others. From a political anthropology lens, it is relevant in this case to problematize a number of obviously contrasting underlying conceptions at work on the notions on justice, violence, and sovereignty. As universal/international norms are discernibly being undermined and disparaged by Duterte's government and his supporters while asserting national sovereignty (not to mention an independent foreign policy), it is an academically interesting time to explore this Philippine state-citizen nexus by attempting, albeit the great complexity of the matter, to investigate local meanings, political subjectivities, and conceptions of the state, which are shaped by, and in turn, reshape the character of the nation-state. Necessarily, I observe facts vis-à-vis the state's official stand as well as that universal/international norms. I do this using theoretical frameworks that aid in making sense of how these conceptions are reconfiguring the Philippine state structure, and Philippine political society. I specifically draw insights from related overlapping fields of study such as references to key proponents such as Gupta, Bouchard, Mbembe, Weber and Acemoglu, and Nangengast, among others. Aside from my own inputs as a Filipino citizen, I also include the vantage point of several migrant Filipinos in Belgium who happen to be loyal Duterte supporters. Filipino diasporic citizens are ubiquitously engaged both online and offline as do the rest of Filipino netizens. I attempt to unveil cultural and historical undertones that may explain their current political stand and their conceptions of the state in terms of normative views on political violence and justice.
Previously regarded as the text messaging capital of the world, the
Filipino nation has earned ye... more Previously regarded as the text messaging capital of the world, the
Filipino nation has earned yet another distinction for being the most
engaged on social media. At present, this distinction has become
more palpable in the political sphere wherein the nascent,
unorthodox approach of the newly elected President [Duterte] has
sparked, at an unprecedented rate, controversy and polarization
among Pinoys [slang term for “Filipinos”]. The ongoing political
debate is most visible on social media and particularly
comprehensive on Facebook. One development worth noting is how
internet communication has made the Filipino diaspora more
influential and present within Philippine political society. One such
example, which this thesis demonstrates, is the online political
participation of the Filipino diaspora through featured bridal
migrants in Belgium. Their active engagement, specifically in
support of President Duterte, raises questions in terms of managing
networks, nationalism, citizenship, and the cultural embeddedness of
“politics at home” in spite of their geographically distant, migrant
lives. In this moment in Philippine political time, they bring in new
energy and force to public opinion through the political positions
they advance, whether individually and/or collectively. Navigating
the overlapping spaces of social media, politics, and migration, this
ethnographic study brings to the fore political subjectivities and
communicative practices present among Pinay migrants in Belgium
as they imagine the political future of their homeland by engaging
online. It unravels their enduring sense of nationalism and
unrelieved (personal) grievances on political and socioeconomic
grounds, which have found emotionally charged expressions – from
their choice of President, their online (and offline) practices, how
they lead their daily lives abroad, and how they manage their online
and offline social networks.
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Papers by Madeleine Denopra
academic literature, it is worthwhile to find out what drives fourth-pillar initiatives, how they do it, and what outcomes they produce. Corollary to these questions, what is the value as well as limitation of their
work? To support the analysis, this paper consults several related theories: the notion of caring, gift theory, contemporary political philosophy (charity, justice, and ethics of aid), development theory, and
development cooperation studies. This paper attempts to shed light on these questions by putting the spotlight on a specific case of fourth-pillar initiative. The only multi-awarded choir in the Philippines with
a social responsibility arm, the University of the Philippines Singing Ambassadors (UPSA) charges itself with the role of engaging directly in outreach projects both locally and internationally. It does so not only
via fund-raising performances but also direct collaborations on development projects outside performances. Its social fluidity, regular travels, extensive global support network, and collaborative openness make it a promising hybrid organization working for many development causes when it sees an opportunity to be instrumentalised. One of its recent achievements is the tapping of resources from Europe to support poor communities and calamity victims in the Philippines. This it does through its deep personal ties with European choral friends as well as European and Filipino diasporic communities. With repeated exchanges and after conducting workshops and outreach programs in Europe for the benefit of Europeans and diasporic communities, strong bonds of friendship and circles of trust have been formed. This paper concludes that fourth-pillar initiatives should be perceived as helpful, enabling, and complementary development agents with regard to fulfilling development objectives it shares with the other three pillars of development cooperation. Their positive contributions should be appreciated rather than downplayed, even when ensuring effectiveness and sustainability could be challenging. Their independent capacity to help as relatively more disinterested and altruistic actors, albeit often informal and less structured, prove their legitimacy and value in the long run. However, they are encouraged to maintain operations of their individual organizations, their ties of friendships sustained, and their
enthusiasm remain even when it comes to logistical work.
threat has been recognized by the UN, the FAO, states, regional fisheries management organizations, and other multilateral actors. The battle against which, however, is notably
strategic in the EU’s pioneering IUU Regulation (No. 1005/2008) under its Common Fisheries Policy. This policy instrument obliges Member States as well as external trade partners to systematically ensure the sustainable use of the world’s fish resources and
specifically confront IUU fishing activities.
This study investigated the impact of the IUU Regulation particularly on the Philippines as one of the two fishing nations (the other being Papua New Guinea) issued with a ‘yellow card’ or pre-identified by the European Union in June of 2014 as a possible non-cooperating country. This made the Philippines a candidate for eventual fish trade sanctions if necessary reforms to comply with the Regulation were not made within a specified (albeit a context-sensitive and negotiable) time frame. In April of 2015, the
yellow tag was lifted in recognition of the country’s constant cooperation and achieved legal and administrative reforms, showing readiness to fight IUU fishing. The study
attempted to explain the extent of success of the EU IUU Regulation on the Philippines as well as the conditions that shaped this success.
A policy diffusion approach enabled the study to: (1) identify the logics of social action and diffusion mechanisms at play; and (2) analyze the level and conditions of effectiveness of the concerned policy. The study revealed that: combined logics of
consequences, appropriateness, and, to a lesser degree, arguing, characterized the EU’s approach on the Philippines; under these logics, the EU demonstrated mainly direct diffusion mechanisms such as manipulating utility calculations in the form of
conditionality (the threat of trade measures) and capacity-building (technical and financial assistance), socialisation, and, to a mild extent, persuasion; the effectiveness of the IUU Regulation fully reached the level of rule adoption but not yet rule implementation, considering that implementation rules and guidelines to the newly amended law are still being drafted. Furthermore, the mechanisms and effectiveness of the IUU Regulation were shaped by the following conditions: the weight of the EU’s market power that works, at the same time, within the context of a partnership and cooperation framework; the
legitimacy of EU's institutional leadership; and the domestic structures that influenced transition from legal and administrative weaknesses to a remarkable improvement in a span of ten months after the yellow warning was issued.
Overall, these findings showed that the success of the EU IUU Regulation on the Philippines necessarily required a complex and fastidious approach both from the EU and the Philippines. The implementation of the IUU Regulation on the Philippines is a good case of explaining the importance of understanding the intricacies of EU-third country interaction. Combining logics of social action demonstrates a 'carrot and stick' strategy and the application of only one of them would render the policy ineffective. Moreover, the convergence of interests, like-mindedness, and a shared committment to observing international norms, were important in shaping the effectiveness of this case of policy diffusion. The study showed that the Philippines and the EU had the same idea about the way forward.
Award-winning first-prize short stories, namely, “The Virgin” (1952), “The Trap” (1956), “The Tourists” (1959), and “The Sounds of Sunday” (1960). The focused reading of the texts inevitably led to the identification of the author’s distinct writing style/practice as a fictionist. The selected short stories were analyzed using the model provided by Sara Mills, which aims to
investigate texts at the level of word, phrase/sentence, and discourse. The research identified dominant and recurring features in the four stories. Women characters differ from the men in that there are more descriptions given to them which pertain to their thoughts, emotions, experiences, vulnerability towards men, and their physical characteristics. Men are described according to their physical strength, personalities, attitudes, which dominate women. Overall, the research
shows that at all levels of analysis, the stories consistently foreground the female consciousness and experience. At the same time, the stories also magnify the pervading dominance of men over women in many circumstances. In these stories, the woman’s greatest dilemma always concerns her relationship with men, as if the woman’s worst weakness is her very own attraction and helplessness towards them. These recurring features reveal the distinct writing style/practice of
the author. Finally, the study reveals that sexism and gender stereotyping are found in the stories, characteristic of the writing of a female author expressing herself as a woman living in a male-dominated society.
Drafts by Madeleine Denopra
Filipino nation has earned yet another distinction for being the most
engaged on social media. At present, this distinction has become
more palpable in the political sphere wherein the nascent,
unorthodox approach of the newly elected President [Duterte] has
sparked, at an unprecedented rate, controversy and polarization
among Pinoys [slang term for “Filipinos”]. The ongoing political
debate is most visible on social media and particularly
comprehensive on Facebook. One development worth noting is how
internet communication has made the Filipino diaspora more
influential and present within Philippine political society. One such
example, which this thesis demonstrates, is the online political
participation of the Filipino diaspora through featured bridal
migrants in Belgium. Their active engagement, specifically in
support of President Duterte, raises questions in terms of managing
networks, nationalism, citizenship, and the cultural embeddedness of
“politics at home” in spite of their geographically distant, migrant
lives. In this moment in Philippine political time, they bring in new
energy and force to public opinion through the political positions
they advance, whether individually and/or collectively. Navigating
the overlapping spaces of social media, politics, and migration, this
ethnographic study brings to the fore political subjectivities and
communicative practices present among Pinay migrants in Belgium
as they imagine the political future of their homeland by engaging
online. It unravels their enduring sense of nationalism and
unrelieved (personal) grievances on political and socioeconomic
grounds, which have found emotionally charged expressions – from
their choice of President, their online (and offline) practices, how
they lead their daily lives abroad, and how they manage their online
and offline social networks.
academic literature, it is worthwhile to find out what drives fourth-pillar initiatives, how they do it, and what outcomes they produce. Corollary to these questions, what is the value as well as limitation of their
work? To support the analysis, this paper consults several related theories: the notion of caring, gift theory, contemporary political philosophy (charity, justice, and ethics of aid), development theory, and
development cooperation studies. This paper attempts to shed light on these questions by putting the spotlight on a specific case of fourth-pillar initiative. The only multi-awarded choir in the Philippines with
a social responsibility arm, the University of the Philippines Singing Ambassadors (UPSA) charges itself with the role of engaging directly in outreach projects both locally and internationally. It does so not only
via fund-raising performances but also direct collaborations on development projects outside performances. Its social fluidity, regular travels, extensive global support network, and collaborative openness make it a promising hybrid organization working for many development causes when it sees an opportunity to be instrumentalised. One of its recent achievements is the tapping of resources from Europe to support poor communities and calamity victims in the Philippines. This it does through its deep personal ties with European choral friends as well as European and Filipino diasporic communities. With repeated exchanges and after conducting workshops and outreach programs in Europe for the benefit of Europeans and diasporic communities, strong bonds of friendship and circles of trust have been formed. This paper concludes that fourth-pillar initiatives should be perceived as helpful, enabling, and complementary development agents with regard to fulfilling development objectives it shares with the other three pillars of development cooperation. Their positive contributions should be appreciated rather than downplayed, even when ensuring effectiveness and sustainability could be challenging. Their independent capacity to help as relatively more disinterested and altruistic actors, albeit often informal and less structured, prove their legitimacy and value in the long run. However, they are encouraged to maintain operations of their individual organizations, their ties of friendships sustained, and their
enthusiasm remain even when it comes to logistical work.
threat has been recognized by the UN, the FAO, states, regional fisheries management organizations, and other multilateral actors. The battle against which, however, is notably
strategic in the EU’s pioneering IUU Regulation (No. 1005/2008) under its Common Fisheries Policy. This policy instrument obliges Member States as well as external trade partners to systematically ensure the sustainable use of the world’s fish resources and
specifically confront IUU fishing activities.
This study investigated the impact of the IUU Regulation particularly on the Philippines as one of the two fishing nations (the other being Papua New Guinea) issued with a ‘yellow card’ or pre-identified by the European Union in June of 2014 as a possible non-cooperating country. This made the Philippines a candidate for eventual fish trade sanctions if necessary reforms to comply with the Regulation were not made within a specified (albeit a context-sensitive and negotiable) time frame. In April of 2015, the
yellow tag was lifted in recognition of the country’s constant cooperation and achieved legal and administrative reforms, showing readiness to fight IUU fishing. The study
attempted to explain the extent of success of the EU IUU Regulation on the Philippines as well as the conditions that shaped this success.
A policy diffusion approach enabled the study to: (1) identify the logics of social action and diffusion mechanisms at play; and (2) analyze the level and conditions of effectiveness of the concerned policy. The study revealed that: combined logics of
consequences, appropriateness, and, to a lesser degree, arguing, characterized the EU’s approach on the Philippines; under these logics, the EU demonstrated mainly direct diffusion mechanisms such as manipulating utility calculations in the form of
conditionality (the threat of trade measures) and capacity-building (technical and financial assistance), socialisation, and, to a mild extent, persuasion; the effectiveness of the IUU Regulation fully reached the level of rule adoption but not yet rule implementation, considering that implementation rules and guidelines to the newly amended law are still being drafted. Furthermore, the mechanisms and effectiveness of the IUU Regulation were shaped by the following conditions: the weight of the EU’s market power that works, at the same time, within the context of a partnership and cooperation framework; the
legitimacy of EU's institutional leadership; and the domestic structures that influenced transition from legal and administrative weaknesses to a remarkable improvement in a span of ten months after the yellow warning was issued.
Overall, these findings showed that the success of the EU IUU Regulation on the Philippines necessarily required a complex and fastidious approach both from the EU and the Philippines. The implementation of the IUU Regulation on the Philippines is a good case of explaining the importance of understanding the intricacies of EU-third country interaction. Combining logics of social action demonstrates a 'carrot and stick' strategy and the application of only one of them would render the policy ineffective. Moreover, the convergence of interests, like-mindedness, and a shared committment to observing international norms, were important in shaping the effectiveness of this case of policy diffusion. The study showed that the Philippines and the EU had the same idea about the way forward.
Award-winning first-prize short stories, namely, “The Virgin” (1952), “The Trap” (1956), “The Tourists” (1959), and “The Sounds of Sunday” (1960). The focused reading of the texts inevitably led to the identification of the author’s distinct writing style/practice as a fictionist. The selected short stories were analyzed using the model provided by Sara Mills, which aims to
investigate texts at the level of word, phrase/sentence, and discourse. The research identified dominant and recurring features in the four stories. Women characters differ from the men in that there are more descriptions given to them which pertain to their thoughts, emotions, experiences, vulnerability towards men, and their physical characteristics. Men are described according to their physical strength, personalities, attitudes, which dominate women. Overall, the research
shows that at all levels of analysis, the stories consistently foreground the female consciousness and experience. At the same time, the stories also magnify the pervading dominance of men over women in many circumstances. In these stories, the woman’s greatest dilemma always concerns her relationship with men, as if the woman’s worst weakness is her very own attraction and helplessness towards them. These recurring features reveal the distinct writing style/practice of
the author. Finally, the study reveals that sexism and gender stereotyping are found in the stories, characteristic of the writing of a female author expressing herself as a woman living in a male-dominated society.
Filipino nation has earned yet another distinction for being the most
engaged on social media. At present, this distinction has become
more palpable in the political sphere wherein the nascent,
unorthodox approach of the newly elected President [Duterte] has
sparked, at an unprecedented rate, controversy and polarization
among Pinoys [slang term for “Filipinos”]. The ongoing political
debate is most visible on social media and particularly
comprehensive on Facebook. One development worth noting is how
internet communication has made the Filipino diaspora more
influential and present within Philippine political society. One such
example, which this thesis demonstrates, is the online political
participation of the Filipino diaspora through featured bridal
migrants in Belgium. Their active engagement, specifically in
support of President Duterte, raises questions in terms of managing
networks, nationalism, citizenship, and the cultural embeddedness of
“politics at home” in spite of their geographically distant, migrant
lives. In this moment in Philippine political time, they bring in new
energy and force to public opinion through the political positions
they advance, whether individually and/or collectively. Navigating
the overlapping spaces of social media, politics, and migration, this
ethnographic study brings to the fore political subjectivities and
communicative practices present among Pinay migrants in Belgium
as they imagine the political future of their homeland by engaging
online. It unravels their enduring sense of nationalism and
unrelieved (personal) grievances on political and socioeconomic
grounds, which have found emotionally charged expressions – from
their choice of President, their online (and offline) practices, how
they lead their daily lives abroad, and how they manage their online
and offline social networks.