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Clupeiformes

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Classis : Actinopterygii 
Superordo : Clupeomorpha 
Ordo : Clupeiformes 
Goodrich, 1909
   
Palaeontologia
Iurassico exeunte ad praesens
Subdivisiones: Familiae; vide commentarium.

Clupeiformes sunt ordo Actinopterygiorum, qui Clupeidas Engraulidasque insigniter comprehendit. Cui gregi taxinomico sunt multi e piscibus praedis atque edulibus maximi momenti.

Clupeiformes sunt physostomata, quod significat ductum pneumaticum vesicam inflationis ad intestinum coniungere. Ei linea laterali plerumque carent, sed iam habent oculos, pinnas piscarias, et squamas quae in plurimis piscibus inveniuntur, sed non omnibus piscibus sunt hae proprietates. Clupeiformes plerumque sunt pisces argentei, corporibus fusiformibus, saepe gregarii. Plurimae species planctone vescuntur, quae ex aqua percolant et quas rastellis branchialibus excipiunt.[1]

Familiae

Hic habes cladisticam Clupeiformium phylogeniam.[2]

Clupeiformes
Denticipitoidei

Denticipitidae


Clupeoidei

Engraulidae

Coiliinae



Engraulinae





Spratelloidinae




Pristigasteridae





Dussumieriidae s.s.



Chirocentridae



Clupeidae

Clupeinae




Ehiravinae




Alosinae



Dorosomatinae











Ordo circa 405 species in septem familiis comprehendit:[3][4]

Tempora generum

QuaternaryNeogenePaleogeneCretaceousJurassicHolocenePleistocenePlioceneMioceneOligoceneEocenePaleoceneLate CretaceousEarly CretaceousLate JurassicMiddle JurassicEarly JurassicAustroclupeaSarmatellaEngraulisXyneQuisqueGanolytesGanoessusEtringusAliseaPseudohilsaSardinopsIlishaAnchoaStolephorusSardinaPomolobusOpisthonemaAlosaSardinellaEtrumeusChirocentrusHarengulaClupeaHacquetiaKnightiaGasteroclupeaHistiothrissaScombroclupeaOrnategulumDaitingichthysPachythrissopsQuaternaryNeogenePaleogeneCretaceousJurassicHolocenePleistocenePlioceneMioceneOligoceneEocenePaleoceneLate CretaceousEarly CretaceousLate JurassicMiddle JurassicEarly Jurassic

Bibliographia

  • Lavoué, Sébastien, Peter Konstantinidis, et Wei-Jen Chen. 2014. "Progress in Clupeiform Systematics." In Biology and Ecology of Sardines and Anchovies, ed. Konstantinos Ganias. CRC Press. ISBN 978-1482228540.
  • Sepkoski, Jack. 2002. "A compendium of fossil marine animal genera." Bulletins of American Paleontology 363: 1–560. Editio interretialis. Archivum.

Notae

  1. Nelson, Gareth (1998). Encyclopedia of Fishes. Didacopoli: Academic Press. pp. 91–95. ISBN 0-12-547665-5 .
  2. Lavoué, Konstantinidis, et Chen 2014.
  3. "Clupeiformes" apud FishBase
  4. Lavoue ´ S; Miya M; Musikasinthorn P; Chen W-J; Nishida M (2013). "Mitogenomic Evidence for an Indo-West Pacific Origin of the Clupeoidei (Teleostei: Clupeiformes)". PLoS ONE 8 (2): e56485 .