Abstract
Alloy is a relational specification language with a built-in transitive closure operator which makes it particularly suitable for writing concise specifications of linked data structures. Several tools support Alloy specifications for Java programs. However, they can only check the validity of those specifications with respect to a bounded domain, and thus, in general, cannot provide correctness proofs. This paper presents JKelloy, a tool for deductive verification of Java programs with Alloy specifications. It includes automatically-generated coupling axioms that bridge between specifications and Java states, and two sets of calculus rules that (1) generate verification conditions in relational logic and (2) simplify reasoning about them. All rules have been proved correct. To increase automation capabilities, proof strategies are introduced that control the application of those rules. Our experiments on linked lists and binary graphs show the feasibility of the approach.
This work has been partially supported by GIF (grant No. 1131-9.6/2011).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aguirre, N.M., Frias, M.F., Ponzio, P., Cardiff, B.J., Galeotti, J.P., Regis, G.: Towards abstraction for DynAlloy specifications. In: Liu, S., Araki, K. (eds.) ICFEM 2008. LNCS, vol. 5256, pp. 207–225. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)
Arkoudas, K., Khurshid, S., Marinov, D., Rinard, M.: Integrating model checking and theorem proving for relational reasoning. In: Berghammer, R., Möller, B., Struth, G. (eds.) RelMiCS 2003. LNCS, vol. 3051, pp. 21–33. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)
Beckert, B., Hähnle, R., Schmitt, P.H. (eds.): Verification of Object-Oriented Software: The KeY Approach. Springer (2007)
Dijkstra, E.W.: Guarded commands, nondeterminacy and formal derivation of programs. Communications of the ACM 18(8), 453–457 (1975)
Dolby, J., Vaziri, M., Tip, F.: Finding bugs efficiently with a SAT solver. In: FSE, pp. 195–204 (2007)
El Ghazi, A.A., Ulbrich, M., Gladisch, C., Tyszberowicz, S., Taghdiri, M.: On verifying relational specifications of Java programs with JKelloy. Technical Report 2014-03, KIT, Department of Informatics (2014)
Galeotti, J.P.: Software Verification using Alloy. PhD thesis, Universidad de Buenos Aires (2010)
Gladisch, C., Tyszberowicz, S.: Specifying a linked data structure in JML for formal verification and runtime checking. In: Iyoda, J., de Moura, L. (eds.) SBMF 2013. LNCS, vol. 8195, pp. 99–114. Springer, Heidelberg (2013)
Harel, D., Tiuryn, J., Kozen, D.: Dynamic Logic. MIT Press (2000)
Jackson, D.: Software Abstractions: Logic, Language, and Analysis. MIT Press (2012)
King, J.C.: Symbolic execution and program testing. Communications of the ACM 19(7), 385–394 (1976)
Lahiri, S.K., Qadeer, S.: Verifying properties of well-founded linked lists. In: Proceedings of POPL, pp. 115–126. ACM (2006)
Lev-Ami, T., Immerman, N., Reps, T.W., Sagiv, M., Srivastava, S., Yorsh, G.: Simulating reachability using first-order logic with applications to verification of linked data structures. Logical Methods in Computer Science 5(2) (2009)
Meyer, B.: Applying “design by contract”. IEEE Computer 25(10), 40–51 (1992)
Moscato, M.M., López Pombo, C.G., Frias, M.F.: Dynamite 2.0: New features based on UnSAT-core extraction to improve verification of software requirements. In: Cavalcanti, A., Deharbe, D., Gaudel, M.-C., Woodcock, J. (eds.) ICTAC 2010. LNCS, vol. 6255, pp. 275–289. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)
Rakamarić, Z., Bingham, J.D., Hu, A.J.: An inference-rule-based decision procedure for verification of heap-manipulating programs with mutable data and cyclic data structures. In: Cook, B., Podelski, A. (eds.) VMCAI 2007. LNCS, vol. 4349, pp. 106–121. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)
Taghdiri, M.: Automating Modular Program Verification by Refining Specifications. PhD thesis. MIT (2008)
Ulbrich, M., Geilmann, U., El Ghazi, A.A., Taghdiri, M.: A proof assistant for Alloy specifications. In: Flanagan, C., König, B. (eds.) TACAS 2012. LNCS, vol. 7214, pp. 422–436. Springer, Heidelberg (2012)
Vaziri, M.: Finding Bugs in Software with Constraint Solver. PhD thesis. MIT (2004)
Weiß, B.: Deductive Verification of Object-Oriented Software: Dynamic Frames, Dynamic Logic and Predicate Abstraction. PhD thesis. KIT (2010)
Yessenov, K.T.: A Lightweight Specification Language for Bounded Program Verification. Master’s thesis. MIT (2009)
Zee, K., Kuncak, V., Rinard, M.: Full functional verification of linked data structures. In: PLDI, pp. 349–361 (2008)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
El Ghazi, A.A., Ulbrich, M., Gladisch, C., Tyszberowicz, S., Taghdiri, M. (2014). JKelloy: A Proof Assistant for Relational Specifications of Java Programs. In: Badger, J.M., Rozier, K.Y. (eds) NASA Formal Methods. NFM 2014. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 8430. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06200-6_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06200-6_13
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-06199-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-06200-6
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)