Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Skip to main content
Springer Nature Link
Log in

Inflammation and Immune Metabolism

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Imaging and Metabolism

  • 1224 Accesses

Abstract

Inflammation is a complex biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli, with the intention to eliminate the cause of injury, protect from further damage, and initiate tissue repair. Inflammation is a rather generic term that covers a broad range of types of responses which, depending on the causal stimulus and subsequent actions, involve pathogenic cells, stromal cells, and cells of the innate and adaptive immune system, in varying composition (Figs. 7.1 and 7.2). However, common to all inflammatory conditions is the delicate balance between too little or too severe and inappropriate timing or duration, all of which can lead to progressive tissue destruction. For example, chronic inflammation may lead to a host of diseases, such as autoimmune diseases and even cancer [1]. Thus, inflammation is a highly dynamic and tightly regulated process that demands metabolic reprogramming of the involved cell types at various stages to respond with appropriate cell numbers and cell types. In this chapter, we will discuss how imaging can play a role in the assessment of inflammation and immune metabolism. We propose a simplified five-step model to indicate the potential targets for imaging in the ensuing immune response, while acknowledging that these simplified steps are iterative and overlapping in practice.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

eBook
USD 15.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Mantovani A, Allavena P, Sica A, Balkwill F. Cancer-related inflammation. Nature. 2008;454(7203):436–44.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Green DR, Ferguson T, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G. Immunogenic and tolerogenic cell death. Nat Rev Immunol. 2009;9(5):353–63.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  3. Chawla A, Nguyen KD, Goh YP. Macrophage-mediated inflammation in metabolic disease. Nat Rev Immunol. 2011;11(11):738–49.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  4. Gordon S. Phagocytosis: an Immunobiologic process. Immunity. 2016;44(3):463–75.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Jenne CN, Kubes P. Platelets in inflammation and infection. Platelets. 2015;26(4):286–92.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Pober JS, Sessa WC. Evolving functions of endothelial cells in inflammation. Nat Rev Immunol. 2007;7(10):803–15.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Friedl P, Weigelin B. Interstitial leukocyte migration and immune function. Nat Immunol. 2008;9(9):960–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Weninger W, Biro M, Jain R. Leukocyte migration in the interstitial space of non-lymphoid organs. Nat Rev Immunol. 2014;14(4):232–46.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Abtin A, Jain R, Mitchell AJ, Roediger B, Brzoska AJ, Tikoo S, et al. Perivascular macrophages mediate neutrophil recruitment during bacterial skin infection. Nat Immunol. 2014;15(1):45–53.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Shi C, Pamer EG. Monocyte recruitment during infection and inflammation. Nat Rev Immunol. 2011;11(11):762–74.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  11. Bachmann MF, Kopf M, Marsland BJ. Chemokines: more than just road signs. Nat Rev Immunol. 2006;6(2):159–64.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Coombes JL, Robey EA. Dynamic imaging of host-pathogen interactions in vivo. Nat Rev Immunol. 2010;10(5):353–64.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Diaz LA Jr, Foss CA, Thornton K, Nimmagadda S, Endres CJ, Uzuner O, et al. Imaging of musculoskeletal bacterial infections by [124I]FIAU-PET/CT. PLoS One. 2007;2(10):e1007.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Pullambhatla M, Tessier J, Beck G, Jedynak B, Wurthner JU, Pomper MG. [(125)I]FIAU imaging in a preclinical model of lung infection: quantification of bacterial load. Am J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2012;2(3):260–70.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  15. Ferro-Flores G, Ocampo-Garcia BE, Melendez-Alafort L. Development of specific radiopharmaceuticals for infection imaging by targeting infectious micro-organisms. Curr Pharm Des. 2012;18(8):1098–106.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Dorward DAD. Imaging inflammation: molecular strategies to visualize key components of the inflammatory cascade, from initiation to resolution. Pharmacol Ther. 2012;135(2):182–99.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Malviya G, Signore A, Lagana B, Dierckx RA. Radiolabelled peptides and monoclonal antibodies for therapy decision making in inflammatory diseases. Curr Pharm Des. 2008;14(24):2401–14.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Annovazzi A, Biancone L, Caviglia R, Chianelli M, Capriotti G, Mather SJ, et al. 99mTc-interleukin-2 and (99m)Tc-HMPAO granulocyte scintigraphy in patients with inactive Crohn's disease. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2003;30(3):374–82.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Rennen HJ, Bleeker-Rovers CP, van Eerd JE, Frielink C, Oyen WJ, Corstens FH, et al. 99mTc-labeled interleukin-8 for scintigraphic detection of pulmonary infections. Chest. 2004;126(6):1954–61.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Vos FJ, Bleeker-Rovers CP, Sturm PD, Krabbe PF, van Dijk AP, Cuijpers ML, et al. 18F-FDG PET/CT for detection of metastatic infection in gram-positive bacteremia. J Nucl Med. 2010;51(8):1234–40.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Malviya G, Galli F, Sonni I, Signore A. Imaging T-lymphocytes in inflammatory diseases: a nuclear medicine approach. Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2014;58(3):237–57.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Galli F, Histed S, Aras O. NK cell imaging by in vitro and in vivo labelling approaches. Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2014;58(3):276–83.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. de Kleijn EM, Oyen WJ, Corstens FH, van der Meer JW. Utility of indium-111-labeled polyclonal immunoglobulin G scintigraphy in fever of unknown origin. The Netherlands FUO imaging group. J Nucl Med. 1997;38(3):484–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Biswas SK, Mantovani A. Orchestration of metabolism by macrophages. Cell Metab. 2012;15(4):432–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Norata GD, Caligiuri G, Chavakis T, Matarese G, Netea MG, Nicoletti A, et al. The cellular and molecular basis of translational immunometabolism. Immunity. 2015;43(3):421–34.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Biswas SK. Metabolic reprogramming of immune cells in cancer progression. Immunity. 2015;43(3):435–49.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Germain RN, Miller MJ, Dustin ML, Nussenzweig MC. Dynamic imaging of the immune system: progress, pitfalls and promise. Nat Rev Immunol. 2006;6(7):497–507.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Lee M, Mandl JN, Germain RN, Yates AJ. The race for the prize: T-cell trafficking strategies for optimal surveillance. Blood. 2012;120(7):1432–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  29. Pearce Erika LE. Metabolic pathways in immune cell activation and quiescence. Immunity. 2013;38(4):633–43.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  30. Frauwirth KA, Thompson CB. Regulation of T lymphocyte metabolism. J Immunol. 2004;172(8):4661–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Palmer CS, Ostrowski M, Balderson B, Christian N, Crowe SM. Glucose metabolism regulates T cell activation, differentiation, and functions. Front Immunol. 2015;6:1.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Sena Laura AL. Mitochondria are required for antigen-specific T cell activation through reactive oxygen species signaling. Immunity. 2013;38(2):225–36.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  33. Fox CJ, Hammerman PS, Thompson CB. Fuel feeds function: energy metabolism and the T-cell response. Nat Rev Immunol. 2005;5(11):844–52.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Pearce Erika LE. Fueling immunity: insights into metabolism and lymphocyte function. Science. 2013;342(6155).

    Google Scholar 

  35. Maekawa Y, Ishifune C, Tsukumo S, Hozumi K, Yagita H, Yasutomo K. Notch controls the survival of memory CD4+ T cells by regulating glucose uptake. Nat Med. 2015;21(1):55–61.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Macintyre AN, Gerriets VA, Nichols AG, Michalek RD, Rudolph MC, Deoliveira D, et al. The glucose transporter Glut1 is selectively essential for CD4 T cell activation and effector function. Cell Metab. 2014;20(1):61–72.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  37. Lanzavecchia A, Sallusto F. Understanding the generation and function of memory T cell subsets. Curr Opin Immunol. 2005;17(3):326–32.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Ginhoux F, Schultze JL, Murray PJ, Ochando J, Biswas SK. New insights into the multidimensional concept of macrophage ontogeny, activation and function. Nat Immunol. 2015;17(1):34–40.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Zhang X, Mosser DM. Macrophage activation by endogenous danger signals. J Pathol. 2008;214(2):161–78.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  40. Mosser DM, Edwards JP. Exploring the full spectrum of macrophage activation. Nat Rev Immunol. 2008;8(12):958–69.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  41. Murray PJ, Wynn TA. Obstacles and opportunities for understanding macrophage polarization. J Leukoc Biol. 2011;89(4):557–63.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  42. Cairo G, Recalcati S, Mantovani A, Locati M. Iron trafficking and metabolism in macrophages: contribution to the polarized phenotype. Trends Immunol. 2011;32(6):241–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Recalcati S, Locati M, Cairo G. Systemic and cellular consequences of macrophage control of iron metabolism. Semin Immunol. 2012;24(6):393–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Recalcati S, Locati M, Gammella E, Invernizzi P, Cairo G. Iron levels in polarized macrophages: regulation of immunity and autoimmunity. Autoimmun Rev. 2012;11(12):883–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Brinkmann VV. Neutrophil extracellular traps kill bacteria. Science. 2004;303(5663):1532–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Jones HA, Cadwallader KA, White JF, Uddin M, Peters AM, Chilvers ER. Dissociation between respiratory burst activity and deoxyglucose uptake in human neutrophil granulocytes: implications for interpretation of (18)F-FDG PET images. J Nucl Med. 2002;43(5):652–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Jones HA, Sriskandan S, Peters AM, Pride NB, Krausz T, Boobis AR, et al. Dissociation of neutrophil emigration and metabolic activity in lobar pneumonia and bronchiectasis. Eur Respir J. 1997;10(4):795–803.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Chen DL, Rosenbluth DB, Mintun MA, Schuster DP. FDG-PET imaging of pulmonary inflammation in healthy volunteers after airway instillation of endotoxin. J Appl Physiol. 2006;100(5):1602–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Campanella M, Turkheimer FE. TSPO: functions and applications of a mitochondrial stress response pathway. Biochem Soc Trans. 2015;43(4):593–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Janczar K, Su Z, Raccagni I, Anfosso A, Kelly C, Durrenberger PF, et al. The 18-kDa mitochondrial translocator protein in gliomas: from the bench to bedside. Biochem Soc Trans. 2015;43(4):579–85.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Cerami C, Perani D. Imaging neuroinflammation in ischemic stroke and in the atherosclerotic vascular disease. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2015;13(2):218–22.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Cuhlmann S, Gsell W, Van der Heiden K, Habib J, Tremoleda JL, Khalil M, et al. In vivo mapping of vascular inflammation using the translocator protein tracer 18F-FEDAA1106. Mol Imaging. 2014;13

    Google Scholar 

  53. Varley J, Brooks DJ, Edison P. Imaging neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease and other dementias: recent advances and future directions. Alzheimers Dement. 2015;11(9):1110–20.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Ordonez AA, Pokkali S, DeMarco VP, Klunk M, Mease RC, Foss CA, et al. Radioiodinated DPA-713 imaging correlates with bactericidal activity of tuberculosis treatments in mice. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2015;59(1):642–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Vallabhajosula SR, Harwig JF, Wolf W. The mechanism of tumor localization of gallium-67 citrate: role of transferrin binding and effect of tumor pH. Int J Nucl Med Biol. 1981;8(4):363–70.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Nanni C, Errani C, Boriani L, Fantini L, Ambrosini V, Boschi S, et al. 68Ga-citrate PET/CT for evaluating patients with infections of the bone: preliminary results. J Nucl Med. 2010;51(12):1932–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Weiner R, Hoffer PB, Thakur ML. Lactoferrin: its role as a Ga-67-binding protein in polymorphonuclear leukocytes. J Nucl Med. 1981;22(1):32–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Yeh JJ, Huang YC, Teng WB, Huang YF, Chuang YW, Hsu CC. The role of gallium-67 scintigraphy in comparing inflammatory activity between tuberculous and nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary diseases. Nucl Med Commun. 2011;32(5):392–401.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Amirbekian V, Lipinski MJ, Briley-Saebo KC, Amirbekian S, Aguinaldo JG, Weinreb DB, et al. Detecting and assessing macrophages in vivo to evaluate atherosclerosis noninvasively using molecular MRI. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007;104(3):961–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  60. Perez-Medina C, Tang J, Abdel-Atti D, Hogstad B, Merad M, Fisher EA, et al. PET imaging of tumor-associated macrophages with 89Zr-labeled high-density lipoprotein nanoparticles. J Nucl Med. 2015;56(8):1272–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  61. Paulos CM, Turk MJ, Breur GJ, Low PS. Folate receptor-mediated targeting of therapeutic and imaging agents to activated macrophages in rheumatoid arthritis. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2004;56(8):1205–17.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Muller C. Folate based radiopharmaceuticals for imaging and therapy of cancer and inflammation. Curr Pharm Des. 2012;18(8):1058–83.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Han W, Zaynagetdinov R, Yull FE, Polosukhin VV, Gleaves LA, Tanjore H, et al. Molecular imaging of folate receptor beta-positive macrophages during acute lung inflammation. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2015;53(1):50–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  64. Kelderhouse LE, Mahalingam S, Low PS. Predicting response to therapy for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases using a Folate receptor-targeted near-infrared fluorescent imaging agent. Mol Imaging Biol. 2016;18(2):201–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Van De Wiele C, Sathekge M, Maes A. Targeting monocytes and macrophages by means of SPECT and PET. Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2014;58(3):269–75.

    Google Scholar 

  66. Siwowska K, Muller C. Preclinical development of small-molecular-weight folate-based radioconjugates: a pharmacological perspective. Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2015;59(3):269–86.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Weissleder R, Nahrendorf M, Pittet MJ. Imaging macrophages with nanoparticles. Nat Mater. 2014;13(2):125–38.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Sharifi S, Seyednejad H, Laurent S, Atyabi F, Saei AA, Mahmoudi M. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for in vivo molecular and cellular imaging. Contrast Media Mol Imaging. 2015;10(5):329–55.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Gaglia JL, Harisinghani M, Aganj I, Wojtkiewicz GR, Hedgire S, Benoist C, et al. Noninvasive mapping of pancreatic inflammation in recent-onset type-1 diabetes patients. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015;112(7):2139–44.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  70. Wu CC. PET imaging of inflammation biomarkers. Theranostics. 2013;3(7):448–66.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Ozguven MA, Karacalioglu AO, Ince S, Emer MO. Altered biodistribution of FDG in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus. Ann Nucl Med. 2014;28(6):505–11.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Vos FJ, Kullberg BJ, Sturm PD, Krabbe PF, van Dijk AP, Wanten GJ, et al. Metastatic infectious disease and clinical outcome in Staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus species bacteremia. Medicine (Baltimore). 2012;91(2):86–94.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  73. Vos FJ, Bleeker-Rovers CP, Oyen WJ. The use of FDG-PET/CT in patients with febrile neutropenia. Semin Nucl Med. 2013;43(5):340–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Lee YH, Choi SJ, Ji JD, Song GG. Diagnostic accuracy of 18F-FDG PET or PET/CT for large vessel vasculitis: a meta-analysis. Z Rheumatol. 2015;

    Google Scholar 

  75. Rabkin Z, Israel O, Keidar Z. Do hyperglycemia and diabetes affect the incidence of false-negative 18F-FDG PET/CT studies in patients evaluated for infection or inflammation and cancer? A Comparative analysis. J Nucl Med. 2010;51(7):1015–20.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. Weinstein EA, Ordonez AA, DeMarco VP, Murawski AM, Pokkali S, MacDonald EM, et al. Imaging Enterobacteriaceae infection in vivo with 18F-fluorodeoxysorbitol positron emission tomography. Sci Transl Med. 2014;6(259):259ra146.

    Google Scholar 

  77. Gowrishankar G, Namavari M, Jouannot EB, Hoehne A, Reeves R, Hardy J, et al. Investigation of 6-[(1)(8)F]-fluoromaltose as a novel PET tracer for imaging bacterial infection. PLoS One. 2014;9(9):e107951.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Shields AF, Grierson JR, Dohmen BM, Machulla HJ, Stayanoff JC, Lawhorn-Crews JM, et al. Imaging proliferation in vivo with [F-18]FLT and positron emission tomography. Nat Med. 1998;4(11):1334–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Laing RE, Nair-Gill E, Witte ON, Radu CG. Visualizing cancer and immune cell function with metabolic positron emission tomography. Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2010;20(1):100–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  80. Bollineni VR, Kramer GM, Jansma EP, Liu Y, Oyen WJ. A systematic review on [(18)F]FLT-PET uptake as a measure of treatment response in cancer patients. Eur J Cancer. 2016;55:81–97.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  81. Bading James RJ. Imaging of cell proliferation: status and prospects. J Nucl Med. 49.

    Google Scholar 

  82. Schoder H, Zelenetz A, Hamlin P, Gavane S, Horwitz S, Matasar M, et al. Prospective study of FLT PET for early interim response assessment in advanced stage B-cell lymphoma. J Nucl Med. 2015;

    Google Scholar 

  83. Lee H, Kim SK, Kim YI, Kim TS, Kang SH, Park WS, et al. Early determination of prognosis by interim 3′-deoxy-3′-18F-fluorothymidine PET in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. J Nucl Med. 2014;55(2):216–22.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  84. Aarntzen EH, Srinivas M, De Wilt JH, Jacobs JF, Lesterhuis WJ, Windhorst AD, et al. Early identification of antigen-specific immune responses in vivo by [18F]-labeled 3′-fluoro-3′-deoxy-thymidine ([18F]FLT) PET imaging. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011;108(45):18396–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  85. Troost EG, Vogel WV, Merkx MA, Slootweg PJ, Marres HA, Peeters WJ, et al. 18F-FLT PET does not discriminate between reactive and metastatic lymph nodes in primary head and neck cancer patients. J Nucl Med. 2007;48(5):726–35.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. Radu Caius GC. Molecular imaging of lymphoid organs and immune activation by positron emission tomography with a new [18F]-labeled 2′-deoxycytidine analog. Nat Med. 14(7):783–8.

    Google Scholar 

  87. Brewer S, Nair-Gill E, Wei B, Chen L, Li X, Riedinger M, Campbell DO, Wiltzius S, Satyamurthy N, Phelps ME, Radu C, Witte ON, Braun J. Uptake of [18F]1-(2′-deoxy-2′-arabinofuranosyl) cytosine indicates intestinal inflammation in mice. Gastroenterology. 2010;138(4):1266–75.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  88. Nair-Gill E, Wiltzius SM, Wei XX, Cheng D, Riedinger M, Radu CG, et al. PET probes for distinct metabolic pathways have different cell specificities during immune responses in mice. J Clin Invest. 2010;120(6):2005–15.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  89. Matter CM, Wyss MT, Meier P, Spath N, von Lukowicz T, Lohmann C, et al. 18F-choline images murine atherosclerotic plaques ex vivo. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2006;26(3):584–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  90. Laitinen IE, Luoto P, Nagren K, Marjamaki PM, Silvola JM, Hellberg S, et al. Uptake of 11C-choline in mouse atherosclerotic plaques. J Nucl Med. 2010;51(5):798–802.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  91. Le C, van de Weijer EP, Pos FJ, Vogel WV. Active inflammation in 18F-methylcholine PET/CT. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2010;37(3):654–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. Huang TT. A comparative uptake study of multiplexed PET tracers in mice with turpentine-induced inflammation. Molecules. 2012;17(12):13948–59.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  93. van Waarde Aren A. Proliferation markers for the differential diagnosis of tumor and inflammation. Curr Pharm Des. 2008;14(31):3326–39.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  94. Tsuyuguchi Naohiro N. Evaluation of treatment effects in brain abscess with positron emission tomography: comparison of fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose and carbon-11-methionine. Ann Nucl Med. 17(1):47–51.

    Google Scholar 

  95. Kanagawa Masaru M. Comparison of trans-1-amino-3-[18F]fluorocyclobutanecarboxylic acid (anti-[18F]FACBC) accumulation in lymph node prostate cancer metastasis and lymphadenitis in rats. Nucl Med Biol. 41(7):545–51.

    Google Scholar 

  96. Oka Shuntaro S. Differences in transport mechanisms of trans-1-amino-3-[18F]fluorocyclobutanecarboxylic acid in inflammation, prostate cancer, and glioma cells: comparison with L-[methyl-11C]methionine and 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose. Mol Imag Biol. 16(3):322–9.

    Google Scholar 

  97. Qu W, Oya S, Lieberman BP, Ploessl K, Wang L, Wise DR, et al. Preparation and characterization of L-[5-11C]-glutamine for metabolic imaging of tumors. J Nucl Med. 2012;53(1):98–105.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  98. Qu W, Zha Z, Lieberman BP, Mancuso A, Stetz M, Rizzi R, et al. Facile synthesis [5-(13)C-4-(2)H(2)]-L-glutamine for hyperpolarized MRS imaging of cancer cell metabolism. Acad Radiol. 2011;18(8):932–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  99. Kielland A, Blom T, Nandakumar KS, Holmdahl R, Blomhoff R, Carlsen H. In vivo imaging of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in inflammation using the luminescent probe L-012. Free Radic Biol Med. 2009;47(6):760–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  100. Imada I, Sato EF, Miyamoto M, Ichimori Y, Minamiyama Y, Konaka R, et al. Analysis of reactive oxygen species generated by neutrophils using a chemiluminescence probe L-012. Anal Biochem. 1999;271(1):53–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  101. Daiber A, August M, Baldus S, Wendt M, Oelze M, Sydow K, et al. Measurement of NAD(P)H oxidase-derived superoxide with the luminol analogue L-012. Free Radic Biol Med. 2004;36(1):101–11.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  102. Breckwoldt Michael OM. Tracking the inflammatory response in stroke in vivo by sensing the enzyme myeloperoxidase. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2008;105(47):18584–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  103. McCarthy TJ, Sheriff AU, Graneto MJ, Talley JJ, Welch MJ. Radiosynthesis, in vitro validation, and in vivo evaluation of 18F-labeled COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitors. J Nucl Med. 2002;43(1):117–24.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  104. de Vries EF, Doorduin J, Dierckx RA, van Waarde A. Evaluation of [(11)C]rofecoxib as PET tracer for cyclooxygenase 2 overexpression in rat models of inflammation. Nucl Med Biol. 2008;35(1):35–42.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. Gao M, Wang M, Miller KD, Zheng QH. Synthesis and preliminary in vitro biological evaluation of new carbon-11-labeled celecoxib derivatives as candidate PET tracers for imaging of COX-2 expression in cancer. Eur J Med Chem. 2011;46(9):4760–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  106. Kossodo S, Zhang J, Groves K, Cuneo GJ, Handy E, Morin J, et al. Noninvasive in vivo quantification of neutrophil elastase activity in acute experimental mouse lung injury. Int J Mol Imaging. 2011;2011:581406.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Chen J, Tung CH, Allport JR, Chen S, Weissleder R, Huang PL. Near-infrared fluorescent imaging of matrix metalloproteinase activity after myocardial infarction. Circulation. 2005;111(14):1800–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  108. van der Graaf Marinette M. In vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy: basic methodology and clinical applications. Eur Biophys J. 39(4):527–40.

    Google Scholar 

  109. Kang JJ. Application of metabolomics in autoimmune diseases: insight into biomarkers and pathology. J Neuroimmunol. 2015;279:25–32.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  110. Kidd BA, Wroblewska A, Boland MR, Agudo J, Merad M, Tatonetti NP, et al. Mapping the effects of drugs on the immune system. Nat Biotechnol. 2016;34(1):47–54.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  111. Burel JG, Apte SH, Doolan DL. Systems approaches towards molecular profiling of human immunity. Trends Immunol. 2016;37(1):53–67.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  112. Jha AK, Huang SC, Sergushichev A, Lampropoulou V, Ivanova Y, Loginicheva E, et al. Network integration of parallel metabolic and transcriptional data reveals metabolic modules that regulate macrophage polarization. Immunity. 2015;42(3):419–30.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  113. Xue J, Schmidt SV, Sander J, Draffehn A, Krebs W, Quester I, et al. Transcriptome-based network analysis reveals a spectrum model of human macrophage activation. Immunity. 2014;40(2):274–88.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  114. Aerts HJ, Velazquez ER, Leijenaar RT, Parmar C, Grossmann P, Carvalho S, et al. Decoding tumour phenotype by noninvasive imaging using a quantitative radiomics approach. Nat Commun. 2014;5:4006.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  115. Gillies RJ, Kinahan PE, Hricak H. Radiomics: images are more than pictures. They Are Data Radiology. 2016;278(2):563–77.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  116. Lambin P, Rios-Velazquez E, Leijenaar R, Carvalho S, van Stiphout RG, Granton P, et al. Radiomics: extracting more information from medical images using advanced feature analysis. Eur J Cancer. 2012;48(4):441–6.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  117. Mantovani A, Vecchi A, Allavena P. Pharmacological modulation of monocytes and macrophages. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2014;17:38–44.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  118. O'Sullivan D, Pearce EL. Targeting T cell metabolism for therapy. Trends Immunol. 2015;36(2):71–80.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. Colombo Serra S, Karlsson M, Giovenzana GB, Cavallotti C, Tedoldi F, Aime S. Hyperpolarized (13) C-labelled anhydrides as DNP precursors of metabolic MRI agents. Contrast Media Mol Imaging. 2012;7(5):469–77.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  120. Viale A, Reineri F, Dastru W, Aime S. Hyperpolarized (13)C-pyruvate magnetic resonance imaging in cancer diagnostics. Expert Opin Med Diagn. 2012;6(4):335–45.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  121. Glaudemans Andor WJMA. Pitfalls and limitations of radionuclide and hybrid imaging in infection and inflammation. Semin Nucl Med. 2015;45(6):500–12.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  122. Divine MR, Katiyar P, Kohlhofer U, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Pichler BJ, Disselhorst JA. A population-based Gaussian mixture model incorporating 18F-FDG PET and diffusion-weighted MRI quantifies tumor tissue classes. J Nucl Med. 2016;57(3):473–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by a European Research Council (ERC) Grant ERC-2104-StG-336454-CoNQUeST and Dutch Cancer Society grant KUN2015-8106.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Carmen Paus and Derk Draper contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

    Carmen Paus, Derk Draper & Mangala Srinivas

  2. Department of Radiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

    Erik H. J. G. Aarntzen

Authors
  1. Carmen Paus
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Derk Draper
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Mangala Srinivas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Erik H. J. G. Aarntzen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Erik H. J. G. Aarntzen .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Radiology, NEW YORK, New York, USA

    Jason S. Lewis

  2. Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Radiology, NEW YORK, New York, USA

    Kayvan R. Keshari

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Paus, C., Draper, D., Srinivas, M., Aarntzen, E.H.J.G. (2018). Inflammation and Immune Metabolism. In: Lewis, J., Keshari, K. (eds) Imaging and Metabolism. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61401-4_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61401-4_7

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-61399-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-61401-4

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation