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Epigenetic regulation of centromere function

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Abstract

The centromere is a specialized region on the chromosome that directs equal chromosome segregation. Centromeres are usually not defined by DNA sequences alone. How centromere formation and function are determined by epigenetics is still not fully understood. Active centromeres are often marked by the presence of centromeric-specific histone H3 variant, centromere protein A (CENP-A). How CENP-A is assembled into the centromeric chromatin during the cell cycle and propagated to the next cell cycle or the next generation to maintain the centromere function has been intensively investigated. In this review, we summarize current understanding of how post-translational modifications of CENP-A and other centromere proteins, centromeric and pericentric histone modifications, non-coding transcription and transcripts contribute to centromere function, and discuss their intricate relationships and potential feedback mechanisms.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the General Research Grant [grant numbers 17126717, 17113418] and the Collaborative Research Fund [grant numbers C7058-18G]. We thank our lab members for critical reading and helpful suggestions on the manuscript.

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    Charmaine Yan Yu Wong, Bernard Chi Hang Lee & Karen Wing Yee Yuen

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Wong, C.Y.Y., Lee, B.C.H. & Yuen, K.W.Y. Epigenetic regulation of centromere function. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 77, 2899–2917 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-020-03460-8

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