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Revisiting requirement engineering for intelligent manufacturing

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Abstract

The upcoming challenge for innovation in intelligent manufacturing design introduced a demand for agility and flexibility, adapting production plants and processes to emerging needs and new services. Arrangements of service-oriented cyber-physical components should replace computer-integrated plants, matching anthropocentric production lines. Manufacturing should follow a process-oriented requirements cycle, linking different design phases based on traceability, associating problem, solution, and collaboration with external and human agents. The first problem is how to provide a requirement cycle that fits this demand, using a systemic and process-oriented (formal) method. This article proposes a model-based requirements cycle for intelligent manufacturing systems (IMfgS). The proposal covers a functional, object-oriented approach and introduces a goal-oriented method suitable for service design. Process orientation leads to Petri Nets’ schema, already used in plant design manufacturing. The Petri Net formal approach synthesizes requirements and describes solutions, opening a possibility to trace problems and solutions. A case study from the chemical industry illustrates that. A requirements life-cycle formalized in Petri Nets includes transference algorithms from either UML or KAOS diagrams. The approach can be adapted to service-oriented manufacturing, but that is not developed formally in this work. The requirements cycle has been adjusted to available tools, making the proposal practical. Intelligent manufacturing is getting more attention, either because of demands for sustainable manufacturing processes or the digitalization process and industry 4.0. New design processes demand more flexibility and capacity to reuse and modify functions while also modifying the product/services they produce. New approaches recover methods typically used in Software Engineering. However, such processes also bring complexity and the need for intensive, interactive testing, even during the requirements phase.

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Notes

  1. While a classic net set of tokens standing for items of control flow, a High-Level Net admit static properties that can distinguish each mark.

  2. Since it is only an illustration, we are focusing only on the controller.

  3. Baresi proposed a direct matching, a bijection between UML elements and Petri Nets localities.

  4. Missing requirements as occurs typically in early elicitation

  5. The focus on goals can be retraced to C. Rolland and C. Souveyet paper: Structured Analysis of Requirements Definition, IEEE Trans. on Software Engineering, vol.3, num. 1, 1977.

  6. Software tools commercially available can automatically derive LTL expressions. Objectiver (www.objectiver.com) is one of them

  7. UML uses timeline diagrams, but KAOS does not have any formalization for time dependency.

  8. PNML is part of the ISO/IEC Standard 15.909, that defines Petri Nets and its transfer language

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Author notes

  1. These authors contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. SIDIA, Institute of Science and Technology, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil

    Javier Martinez Silva

  2. Mechanical Eng., Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil

    Pedro Manuel Gonzalez del Foyo

  3. TrueChange, Co., Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil

    Arianna Zoila Olivera

  4. Escola Politecnica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Jose Reinaldo Silva

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  1. Javier Martinez Silva
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  2. Pedro Manuel Gonzalez del Foyo
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  4. Jose Reinaldo Silva
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Correspondence to Jose Reinaldo Silva.

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Silva, J.M., del Foyo, P.M.G., Olivera, A.Z. et al. Revisiting requirement engineering for intelligent manufacturing. Int J Interact Des Manuf 17, 525–538 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12008-022-00968-0

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