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The TabHLH35–TaWAK20–TaSPL5 pathway positively regulates Cd stress in wheat

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Abstract

Key message

Cadmium-induced TaWAK20 regulates the cadmium stress response by phosphorylating TaSPL5 in wheat.

Abstract

Receptor-like kinases (RLKs) are thought to play important roles in responses to abiotic stresses in plants. In this study, we identified a cadmium (Cd)-induced RLK in wheat, TaWAK20, which is a positive regulator of the Cd stress response. TaWAK20 is specifically expressed in root tissue. Overexpression of TaWAK20 significantly improved the tolerance of Cd stress in wheat and decreased Cd accumulation in wheat plants by regulating reactive oxygen species production and scavenging. Yeast one-hybrid assays, electrophoretic mobility shift assays, and firefly luciferase activity analyses demonstrated that the TaWAK20 promoter was bound by the TabHLH35 transcription factor. TaWAK20 interacted with and phosphorylated squamosa promoter binding protein-like 5 (TaSPL5). Furthermore, phosphorylation of TaSPL5 increased its DNA-binding activity. In addition, Arabidopsis-expressing phosphorylated TaSPL5 exhibited greater Cd tolerance than Arabidopsis-expressing unphosphorylated TaSPL5. Taken together, these data identify a TabHLH35–TaWAK20–TaSPL5 module that regulates Cd stress.

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Data availability

Data supporting the findings of this work are available within the article/Supplementary files. The plant materials and datasets generated and analyzed during the study are available from the corresponding authors upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Guizhou Provincial Major Scientific and Technological Program (Qian Kehe Support [2022]key026), National Natural Science Foundation of China (32160474 and 32101715), the Research Fund of the Science and Technology Department of Guizhou Province (ZK2022–YB315), and We thank American Journal Experts for linguistic assistance during the preparation of this manuscript.

Funding

This work was supported by Guizhou Provincial Major Scientific and Technological Program (Qian Kehe Support [2022]key026), National Natural Science Foundation of China (32160474 and 32101715), the Research Fund of the Science and Technology Department of Guizhou Province (ZK2022–YB315).

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  1. Xuye Du and Lizhou Zhou have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China

    Xuye Du, Lizhou Zhou, Bin Zhu, Lei Gu & Hongcheng Wang

  2. College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China

    Huayan Yin

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  1. Xuye Du
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  2. Lizhou Zhou
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  3. Bin Zhu
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  4. Lei Gu
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by XD, LZ, BZ, LG and HY. The first draft of the manuscript was written by XD, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Lei Gu, Huayan Yin or Hongcheng Wang.

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This study does not involve human subjects. The authors declare that the experiments comply with the current laws of the country in which they were performed.

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Communicated by Ian D Godwin.

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Du, X., Zhou, L., Zhu, B. et al. The TabHLH35–TaWAK20–TaSPL5 pathway positively regulates Cd stress in wheat. Theor Appl Genet 136, 153 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-023-04400-3

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