Abstract
Safety enhancement is the main objective to pursue through the exploitation of connected vehicles. To this aim, the exchange of periodic beacon messages through vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications is essential to guarantee a timely and reliable alert, whatever is the targeted safety application. In this paper, we focus on beaconing in vehicular networks and we evaluate the reliability of beacons exchange between vehicles in realistic urban scenarios. Specifically, IEEE 802.11p, which is the actual standard de facto for vehicular communications, is considered as radio access technology and the impact of distance and obstacles on beacons reliability is evaluated. Results obtained through detailed simulations highlight the high impact of distance and obstacles, to be carefully taken into account in the application design.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
- 1.
Per each transmission and per each receiver, the success or loss of the packet is stored with the related transmitter-receiver distance. At the end of the simulation, the BDR is then averaged as a function of such distance.
References
Cisco: Cisco visual networking index: global mobile data traffic forecast update, 2015-2020 white paper. Cisco, Technical report, February 2015. http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/solutions/collateral/service-provider/visual-networking-index-vni/mobile-white-paper-c11-520862.html
World Health Organization: The top 10 causes of death. WHO (2014). http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs310/en/
Sommer, C., Tonguz, O., Dressler, F.: Traffic information systems: efficient message dissemination via adaptive beaconing. IEEE Commun. Mag. 49(5), 173–179 (2011)
Bansal, G., Kenney, J., Rohrs, C.: Limeric: a linear adaptive message rate algorithm for DSRC congestion control. IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 62(9), 4182–4197 (2013)
Schmidt, R., Leinmuller, T., Schoch, E., Kargl, F., Schafer, G.: Exploration of adaptive beaconing for efficient intervehicle safety communication. IEEE Netw. 24(1), 14–19 (2010)
Sepulcre, M., Gozalvez, J.: On the importance of application requirements in cooperative vehicular communications. In: 2011 Eighth International Conference on Wireless On-demand Network Systems and Services (WONS), pp. 124–131. IEEE (2011)
Librino, F., Renda, M.E., Santi, P.: Multihop beaconing forwarding strategies in congested ieee 802.11p vehicular networks. IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 65(9), 7515–7528 (2016)
Kloiber, B., Strang, T., Röckl, M., de Ponte-Müller, F.: Performance of CAM based safety applications using ITS-G5A MAC in high dense scenarios. In: 2011 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV), pp. 654–660, June 2011
Tian, D., Wang, Y., Ma, K.: Performance evaluation of beaconing in dense VANETs. In: 2010 IEEE Youth Conference on Information Computing and Telecommunications (YC-ICT), pp. 114–117, November 2010
Okamoto, K., Ishihara, S.: Highly reliable data distribution scheme for location information in vehicular networks using cyclic beacon transmission power patterns. In: 2013 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference, pp. 55–62, December 2013
3GPP: Study on LTE support for V2X services. TR 22.885 V14.0.0, December 2015
3GPP: Study on LTE-based V2X services. TR 36.885 V0.4.0, November 2015
Bazzi, A., Masini, B.M., Zanella, A.: Performance analysis of V2V beaconing using LTE in direct mode with full duplex radios. IEEE Wirel. Commun. Lett. 4(6), 685–688 (2015)
METIS: Scenarios, requirements and KPIs for 5G mobile and wireless system. D1.1, May 2013
Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS); Vehicular Communications; Basic Set of Applications; Part 2: Specification of Cooperative Awareness Basic Service. ETSI TS 102 6372 V1.1.1 (2010)
DSRC message communication minimum performance requirements: basic safety message for vehicle safety applications. Draft Std. J2945.1 Revision 2.2, SAE. SAE International DSRC Committee (2011)
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA): Vehicle safety communications project task 3 final report - identify intelligent vehicle safety applications enabled by DSRC, March 2005
Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS); Vehicular Communications; Basic Set of Applications; Definitions. TR 102 638 V1.1.1, June 2009
SHINE: http://www.wcsg.ieiit.cnr.it/people/bazzi/SHINE.html. Accessed November 2016
Bazzi, A., Pasolini, G., Gambetti, C.: SHINE: simulation platform for heterogeneous interworking networks. In: IEEE International Conference on Communications, ICC 2006, vol. 12, pp. 5534–5539 (2006)
Bazzi, A., Masini, B., Zanella, A., Pasolini, G.: Vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-roadside multi-hop communications for vehicular sensor networks: simulations and field trial. In: 2013 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC), pp. 515–520, June 2013
Bazzi, A., Masini, B.M., Zanella, A., Pasolini, G.: IEEE 802.11p for cellular offloading in vehicular sensor networks. Comput. Commun. 60, 97–108 (2015)
Bazzi, A., Masini, B.M., Zanella, A., Calisti, A.: Visible light communications as a complementary technology for the internet of vehicles. Comput. Commun. 93, 39–51 (2016). (Multi-radio, Multi-technology, Multi-system Vehicular Communications). http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140366416302626
Karedal, J., Czink, N., Paier, A., Tufvesson, F., Molisch, A.F.: Path loss modeling for vehicle-to-vehicle communications. IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 60(1), 323–328 (2011)
Sommer, C., Eckhoff, D., German, R., Dressler, F.: A computationally inexpensive empirical model of IEEE 802.11p radio shadowing in urban environments. In: 2011 Eighth International Conference on Wireless On-demand Network Systems and Services (WONS), pp. 84–90, January 2011
Acknowledgments
This work was partly funded by the project “Development of European ETSI message set compliant V2X system and applications based on ITS-G5”, N046100011, funded by KIAT (South Korea).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 ICST Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering
About this paper
Cite this paper
Bazzi, A., Masini, B.M., Zanella, A. (2017). Connected Vehicles for Safety Enhancement: Reliability of Beaconing in Urban Areas. In: Gaggi, O., Manzoni, P., Palazzi, C., Bujari, A., Marquez-Barja, J. (eds) Smart Objects and Technologies for Social Good. GOODTECHS 2016. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, vol 195. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61949-1_33
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61949-1_33
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-61948-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-61949-1
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)