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How the Design of JML Accommodates Both Runtime Assertion Checking and Formal Verification

  • Conference paper
Formal Methods for Components and Objects (FMCO 2002)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNCS,volume 2852))

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Abstract

Specifications that are used in detailed design and in the documentation of existing code are primarily written and read by programmers. However, most formal specification languages either make heavy use of symbolic mathematical operators, which discourages use by programmers, or limit assertions to expressions of the underlying programming language, which makes it difficult to write complete specifications. Moreover, using assertions that are expressions in the underlying programming language can cause problems both in runtime assertion checking and in formal verification, because such expressions can potentially contain side effects. The Java Modeling Language, JML, avoids these problems. It uses a side-effect free subset of Java’s expressions to which are added a few mathematical operators (such as the quantifiers ∖forall and ∖exists). JML also hides mathematical abstractions, such as sets and sequences, within a library of Java classes. The goal is to allow JML to serve as a common notation for both formal verification and runtime assertion checking; this gives users the benefit of several tools without the cost of changing notations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer Science, Iowa State University, 226 Atanasoff Hall, Ames, Iowa, 50011-1041, USA

    Gary T. Leavens, Yoonsik Cheon, Curtis Clifton & Clyde Ruby

  2. Eastman Kodak Company Research & Development Laboratories, 1700 Dewey Avenue, Building 65, Rochester, New York, 14650-1816, USA

    David R. Cok

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  1. Centre for Mathematics and Computer Science, CWI, Kruislaan 413, 1098 SJ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Frank S. de Boer

  2. Leiden Institute of Advanced Computer Science, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9512, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands

    Marcello M. Bonsangue

  3. VERIMAG, 2 Avenue de Vignate, Centre Equitation, 38610, Grenoble-Gières, France

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  4. Institute of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Hermann-Rodewald-Straße 3, 24118, Kiel, Germany

    Willem-Paul de Roever

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Leavens, G.T., Cheon, Y., Clifton, C., Ruby, C., Cok, D.R. (2003). How the Design of JML Accommodates Both Runtime Assertion Checking and Formal Verification. In: de Boer, F.S., Bonsangue, M.M., Graf, S., de Roever, WP. (eds) Formal Methods for Components and Objects. FMCO 2002. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 2852. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-39656-7_11

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