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Viper: A Verification Infrastructure for Permission-Based Reasoning

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Verification, Model Checking, and Abstract Interpretation (VMCAI 2016)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNTCS,volume 9583))

Abstract

The automation of verification techniques based on first-order logic specifications has benefitted greatly from verification infrastructures such as Boogie and Why. These offer an intermediate language that can express diverse language features and verification techniques, as well as back-end tools: in particular, verification condition generators.

However, these infrastructures are not well suited to verification techniques based on separation logic and other permission logics, because they do not provide direct support for permissions and because existing tools for these logics often favour symbolic execution over verification condition generation. Consequently, tool support for these logics (where available) is typically developed independently for each technique, dramatically increasing the burden of developing automatic tools for permission-based verification.

In this paper, we present a verification infrastructure whose intermediate language supports an expressive permission model natively. We provide tool support including two back-end verifiers: one based on symbolic execution, and one on verification condition generation; an inference tool based on abstract interpretion is currently under development. A wide range of existing verification techniques can be implemented via this infrastructure, alleviating much of the burden of building permission-based verifiers, and allowing the developers of higher-level reasoning techniques to focus their efforts at an appropriate level of abstraction.

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Acknowledgements

This work has been funded in part by the Swiss National Science Foundation and by the Hasler Foundation. Viper has benefitted from the work of many people. We are especially grateful to Uri Juhasz for his contributions to the design of the Viper language, Ioannis Kassios for his work on quantified permissions and the initial Chalice front-end, and to Vytautas Astrauskas for his improvements of the latter. We are also thankful to Milos Novacek for his work on specification inference, and to Stefan Heule for the initial development of the verification condition generator. We warmly thank Stefan Blom for his extensive feedback on Viper and his help with using VerCors, and Marco Eilers for his help with our experimental evaluation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

    Peter Müller, Malte Schwerhoff & Alexander J. Summers

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  1. Peter Müller
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  2. Malte Schwerhoff
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Correspondence to Peter Müller .

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  1. EPFL IC-DO, Lausanne, Switzerland

    Barbara Jobstmann

  2. Microsoft Research, Redmond, Washington, USA

    K. Rustan M. Leino

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Müller, P., Schwerhoff, M., Summers, A.J. (2016). Viper: A Verification Infrastructure for Permission-Based Reasoning. In: Jobstmann, B., Leino, K. (eds) Verification, Model Checking, and Abstract Interpretation. VMCAI 2016. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9583. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49122-5_2

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