Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Skip to main content

Advertisement

Springer Nature Link
Log in

The influence of degree of substitution on blend miscibility and biodegradation of cellulose acetate blends

  • Published:
Journal of environmental polymer degradation Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this account, we report our findings on blends of cellulose acetate having a degree of substitution (DS) of 2.49 (CA2.5) with a cellulose acetate having a DS of 2.06 (CA2.0). This blend system was examined over the composition range of 0–100% CA2.0 employing both solvent casting of films (no plasticizer) and thermal processing (melt-compressed films and injection molding) using poly(ethylene glycol) as a common plasticizer. All thermally processed blends were optically clear and showed no loss in optical quality after storage for several months. Thermal analysis and measurement of physical properties indicate that blends in the middle composition range are partially miscible, while those at the ends of the composition range are miscible. We suggest that the miscibility of these cellulose acetate blends is influenced primarily by the monomer composition of the copolymers. Bench-scale simulated municipal composting confirmed the biodestructability of these blends and indicated that incorporation of a plasticizer accelerated the composting rates of the blends.In vitro aerobic biodegradation testing involving radiochemical labeling conclusively demonstrated that both the lower DS CA2.0 and the plasticizer significantly enhanced the biodegradation of the more highly substituted CA2.5.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Explore related subjects

Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.

References

  1. C. M. Buchanan, K. J. Edgar, J. A. Hyatt, and A. K. Wilson (1991)Macromolecules 24, 3050.

    Google Scholar 

  2. C. M. Buchanan, K. J. Edgar, and A. K. Wilson (1991)Macromolecules 24, 3060.

    Google Scholar 

  3. C. M. Buchanan, S. C. Gedon, A. W. White, and M. D. Wood (1992)Macromolecules 25, 7373.

    Google Scholar 

  4. M. Scandola, G. Ceccorulli, and M. Pizzoli (1992)Macromolecules 25, 6441.

    Google Scholar 

  5. D. R. Paul and S. Newman (1978)Polymer Blends, Vol. 1, Academic Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  6. C. M. Buchanan, S. C. Gedon, B. G. Pearcy, A. W. White, and M. D. Wood (1993)Macromolecules 26, 5704.

    Google Scholar 

  7. C. M. Buchanan, S. C. Gedon, A. W. White, and M. D. Wood (1993)Macromolecules 26, 2963.

    Google Scholar 

  8. A. W. White, C. M. Buchanan, B. G. Pearcy, and M. D. Wood (1994)J Appl. Polym. Sci. 52, 525.

    Google Scholar 

  9. G. Ceccorulli, M. Pizzoli, and M. Scandola (1993)Macromolecules 26, 6722.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Petersen (1969)Polym. Prepr. Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem. 10, 385.

    Google Scholar 

  11. D. Kashdan (1989) U.S. patent 4,795,641.

  12. G. L. Slonimskii (1958)J. Polym. Sci. 30, 625.

    Google Scholar 

  13. C. M. Buchanan, R. M. Gardner, and R. J. Komarek (1993)J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 47, 1709–1719.

    Google Scholar 

  14. R. J. Komarek, R. M. Gardner, C. M. Buchanan, and S. C. Gedon (1993)J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 50, 1739–1746.

    Google Scholar 

  15. C. J. Rivard, W. S. Adney, M. E. Himmel, D. J. Mitchell, T. B. Vinzant, K. Grohmann, L. Moens, and H. Chum (1992)Appl. Biochem. Biotech. 34/35, 725–736.

    Google Scholar 

  16. R. M. Gardner, C. M. Buchanan, R. J. Komarek, D. D. Dorschel, C. Boggs, and A. W. White (1994)J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 52, 1477–1488.

    Google Scholar 

  17. J.-D. Gu, M. Gada, G. Kharas, D. Eberiel, S. P. McCarthy, and R. A. Gross, (1992)J. Am. Chem. Soc. Polym. Prep. 351.

  18. J.-D. Gu, D. Eberiel, S. P. McCarthy, and R. A. Gross (1993)J. Environ. Polym. Degrad. 1, 143–153.

    Google Scholar 

  19. R. A. Gross, J.-D. Gu, D. T. Eberiel, M. Nelson, and S. P. McCarthy (1993) in D. Kaplan, E. Thomas, and C. Ching (Eds.),Fundamentals of Biodegradable Materials and Packaging, Technomic, Lancaster, PA.

    Google Scholar 

  20. C. M. Buchanan, R. M. Gardner, R. J. Komarek, S. C. Gedon, and A. W. White (1993) in D. Kaplan, E. Thomas, and C. Ching (Eds.),Fundamentals of Biodegradable Materials and Packaging, Technomic, Lancaster, PA, pp. 133–410.

    Google Scholar 

  21. J.-D. Gu, D. Eberiel, S. P. McCarthy, and R. A. Gross (1993)J. Environ. Polym. Degrad. 4, 281.

    Google Scholar 

  22. J.-D. Gu, D. Eberiel, S. P. McCarthy, and R. A. Gross (1993)J. Environ. Polym. Degrad 4, 293.

    Google Scholar 

  23. J. M. Mayer, G. R. Elion, C. M. Buchanan, B. K. Sullivan, S. D. Pratt, and D. L. Kaplan (1995)J. Macromol. Sci. Pure Appl. Polym. Chem. A32(4), 775–786.

    Google Scholar 

  24. C. M. Buchanan, D. D. Dorschel, R. M. Gardner, R. J. Komarek, and A. W. White (1995)J. Macromol. Sci. Pure Appl. Polym. Chem. A32(4), 683–697.

    Google Scholar 

  25. C. M. Buchanan, C. Boggs, D. D. Dorschel, R. M. Gardner, T. Watterson, and A. W. White (1995)J. Environ. Polym. Degrad. 3, 1.

    Google Scholar 

  26. T. Floyd (1993)J. Chromatogr. 629, 243.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. L. A. Wood (1958)J. Polym. Sci. 28, 319.

    Google Scholar 

  28. H. T. Clarke and C. J. Malm (1932) U.S. Patent 1.880,808.

  29. E. J. Bourne, M. Stacey, J. C. Tatlow, and J. M. Tedder (1949)J. Chem. Soc. 2976–2979.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Eastman Chemical Company, Research Laboratories, 37662, Kingsport, Tennessee

    Charles M. Buchanan, Debra Dorschel, Alan W. White & Matthew D. Wood

  2. Valleybrook Center, Eastman Chemical Company, P.O. Box 1955, 37662, Kingsport, Tennessee

    Robert M. Gardner, Ron J. Komarek & Andrew J. Matosky

Authors
  1. Charles M. Buchanan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Debra Dorschel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Robert M. Gardner
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Ron J. Komarek
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Andrew J. Matosky
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Alan W. White
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Matthew D. Wood
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

While this work was in progress, Robert Gardner was struck with cancer and died on June 6, 1995. This paper is dedicated to his memory and to his contributions as a friend and colleague.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Buchanan, C.M., Dorschel, D., Gardner, R.M. et al. The influence of degree of substitution on blend miscibility and biodegradation of cellulose acetate blends. J Environ Polym Degr 4, 179–195 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02067452

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02067452

Key words

Search

Navigation