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New cubic reference table based image steganography

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Abstract

Tradition reference table based (RTB) methods employ two pixels to conceal a secret digit according to a two-dimensional reference table. In this paper, x-dimensional reference table framework is defined, which can be regarded as generalization of the prior works. The available pixels to be embedded are limited in two-dimensional space, so the proposed methods extend the dimensional space of reference table. Theoretical analyses are given to justify the effectiveness of the proposed construction. Two novel RTB methods named CRT (cubic reference table) and CRT-PVD (cubic reference table and pixel value differencing) are presented. The former is independent of image contents while embedding, and the latter is depended on the discriminated image smoothness. Experimental results show that two proposed methods can achieve better performance compared with the prior works.

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Acknowledgments

This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61402162, 61370225, 61472131, 61272546), Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 2017JJ3040), Opening Project of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Integrated Administration Technologies for Information Security (Grant No. AGK201605), CCF-Venustech Research Fund, Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (Grant No. 20130161120004), Science and Technology Key Projects of Hunan Province (Grant Nos. 2015TP1004, 2016JC2012).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China

    Xin Liao, Sujing Guo, Jiaojiao Yin & Huan Wang

  2. Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Media Security, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China

    Xin Liao

  3. School of Computer Science and Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China

    Xiong Li

  4. School of Computer Science and Engineering, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, Tamilnadu, India

    Arun Kumar Sangaiah

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  1. Xin Liao
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  2. Sujing Guo
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  3. Jiaojiao Yin
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  4. Huan Wang
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  5. Xiong Li
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  6. Arun Kumar Sangaiah
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Correspondence to Xiong Li.

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Liao, X., Guo, S., Yin, J. et al. New cubic reference table based image steganography. Multimed Tools Appl 77, 10033–10050 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-017-4946-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-017-4946-9

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