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Power Smoothing of a Variable-speed Wind Turbine Generator

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Abstract

This paper presents a power-smoothing scheme of a variable-speed wind turbine generator (VSWTG) that employs separate control gains for the over-frequency section (OFS) and under-frequency section (UFS). In the proposed scheme, an additional proportional control loop based on the system frequency deviation operating in conjunction with maximum power point tracking operation is used. In the OFS, to improve the energy-storing capability, the scheme suggests the gain of the frequency deviation control loop, which is set to be monotonously decreasing with the rotor speed while being significantly larger than that in the UFS. In the UFS, to improve the energy-releasing capability while preventing over-deceleration, the gain of the frequency deviation control loop is set to be a linear function of the rotor speed. The simulation results under continuously varying wind speeds with different wind patterns and wind speeds clearly demonstrate that the proposed scheme significantly mitigates the output power fluctuations of a VSWTG. The proposed scheme keeps the frequency within a narrow range, thereby reducing the required primary frequency control reserve for regulating the frequency under normal operations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Electrical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, China

    Dejian Yang

  2. School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea

    Yong Cheol Kang & Jung-Wook Park

  3. Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea

    Young Il Lee

  4. Department of Electrical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, Korea

    Seung-Ho Song

Authors
  1. Dejian Yang
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  2. Yong Cheol Kang
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  3. Jung-Wook Park
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  4. Young Il Lee
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  5. Seung-Ho Song
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Correspondence to Yong Cheol Kang.

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Recommended by Associate Editor Soohee Han under the direction of Editor Keum-Shik Hong. This work was in part supported by the Korea Electric Power Corporation (grant number: R18XA06-80) and in part supported by the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) and the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE) of the Republic of Korea (No. 20174010201620).

Dejian Yang received his B.Sc. degree from Mudanjiang Normal University, China, in 2013 and an M.Sc. and a Ph.D. degrees from the Department of Electrical Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Korea, in 2016 and 2019, respectively. He was an assistant researcher at the Wind energy Grid-Adaptive Technology (WeGAT) Research Center, which was supported by the Ministry of Science, ICT, and future Planning (MSIP), Korea. He is currently an assistant professor at the School of Electrical Engineering, Nantong University, China. His research interest is in the frequency support of wind power plants.

Yong Cheol Kang received his B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from Seoul National University, Korea, in 1991, 1993, and 1997, respectively. From 1999 to 2017, he was a professor with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea. He was the director of the WeGAT Research Center supported by the MSIP, Korea. Since 2018, he joined the School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea. He is an editor of IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy and a member of the International Electrotechnical Commission Working Group TC88/WG27. His research interests include the development of control and protection techniques for wind power plants.

Jung-Wook Park received his B.S. degree (summa cum laude) from the Department of Electrical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea, in 1999, and his M.S.E.C.E. and Ph.D. degrees from the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA, in 2000 and 2003, respectively. He was a post-doctoral research associate in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA during 2003–2004. Since 2005, he has been with the School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea, where he is currently a professor. He is now leading the National Leading Research Laboratory (NLRL) designated by the Korean Government to the subject of integrated optimal operation for smart grid. Prof. Park was the recipient of Young Scientist Presidential Award in 2013 from the Korean Academy of Science and Technology (KAST), Korea. His current research interests include power system dynamics, energy management system, renewable energies based distributed generation system, operation and planning of microgrid, and hardware implementation of power-electronic based inverters, etc.

Young Il Lee received his B.Sc., M.S. and Ph.D in Control & Instrumentation from Seoul National University in 1986, 1988 and 1993, respectively. He worked at Gyeongsang National University from 1994 to 2001 as an Associate Professor and he is currently with Seoul National University of Science and Technology (SeoulTech) since 2001 as a Professor. He visited Oxford University as a Visiting Research Fellow for the period of 1998–1999 and 2007. He served as the editor of international journal of control, automation and systems. He is director of research center of electrical and information technology (RCEIT) of SeoulTech. His research interests include model predictive control and its application to power converters, electrical machines and control of smart grid.

Seung-Ho Song received his B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from Seoul National University, Korea, in 1991, 1993, and 1999, respectively. From 1992 to 1995, he was a researcher at POSCON. He was a professor with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea from 2000 to 2006. He is currently a professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, Korea.

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Yang, D., Kang, Y.C., Park, JW. et al. Power Smoothing of a Variable-speed Wind Turbine Generator. Int. J. Control Autom. Syst. 19, 11–19 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12555-019-0507-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12555-019-0507-5

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