The rise in female participation to the labor market and the labor reallocation from manufacturin... more The rise in female participation to the labor market and the labor reallocation from manufacturing to services are two of the most remarkable stylized facts of the post-war period. Motivated by these facts, we propose a model of labor allocation across three sectors: goods, services and home production, in which women have a comparative advantage in the production of services, both in the market and in the household. Productivity growth is faster in market sectors than in home production, and, within the market, it is faster in manufacturing than in services. Goods and services are poor substitutes, which gives rise to structural transformation. On the other hand, market services are good substitutes to home production, which drives marketization. Realistic differences in productivity growth across sector can predict an important share of the rise in women's market hours, the rise of services in the economy and the marketization of home production.
The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research ... more The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research center and a place of communication between science, politics and business. IZA is an independent nonprofit
------------------------------------------------------- Since fixed-term contracts were introduce... more ------------------------------------------------------- Since fixed-term contracts were introduced in Spain, 98% of all new contracts have been of this type. Despite this massive flexibilisation of the labour market, Spanish unemployment still hits more than 20% of the labour force. ...
This paper investigates the role of the rise in services in the narrowing of gender gaps in hours... more This paper investigates the role of the rise in services in the narrowing of gender gaps in hours and wages in recent decades. We highlight the between-industry component of differential gender trends for the United States and propose a model economy with goods, services, and home production, in which women have a comparative advantage in producing services. The rise of services, driven by structural transformation and marketization of home production, raises women's relative wages and market hours. Quantitatively, the model accounts for an important share of the observed trends in women's hours and relative wages.
The rise in female participation to the labor market and the labor reallocation from manufacturin... more The rise in female participation to the labor market and the labor reallocation from manufacturing to services are two of the most remarkable stylized facts of the post-war period. Motivated by these facts, we propose a model of labor allocation across three sectors: goods, services and home production, in which women have a comparative advantage in the production of services, both in the market and in the household. Productivity growth is faster in market sectors than in home production, and, within the market, it is faster in manufacturing than in services. Goods and services are poor substitutes, which gives rise to structural transformation. On the other hand, market services are good substitutes to home production, which drives marketization. Realistic differences in productivity growth across sector can predict an important share of the rise in women's market hours, the rise of services in the economy and the marketization of home production.
The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research ... more The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research center and a place of communication between science, politics and business. IZA is an independent nonprofit
------------------------------------------------------- Since fixed-term contracts were introduce... more ------------------------------------------------------- Since fixed-term contracts were introduced in Spain, 98% of all new contracts have been of this type. Despite this massive flexibilisation of the labour market, Spanish unemployment still hits more than 20% of the labour force. ...
This paper investigates the role of the rise in services in the narrowing of gender gaps in hours... more This paper investigates the role of the rise in services in the narrowing of gender gaps in hours and wages in recent decades. We highlight the between-industry component of differential gender trends for the United States and propose a model economy with goods, services, and home production, in which women have a comparative advantage in producing services. The rise of services, driven by structural transformation and marketization of home production, raises women's relative wages and market hours. Quantitatively, the model accounts for an important share of the observed trends in women's hours and relative wages.
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Papers by Barbara Petrongolo