This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Li... more This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License
Background. The (anti neutrophil cytoplasmatic autoantibody ANCA), associated small vessel vascul... more Background. The (anti neutrophil cytoplasmatic autoantibody ANCA), associated small vessel vasculitides (ASVV) are relapsingremitting inflammatory disorders, involving various organs, such as the kidneys. (Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 MCP-1) has been shown to be locally up regulated in glomerulonephritis and recent studies have pointed out MCP-1 as a promising marker of renal inflammation. Here we measure urinary cytokine levels in different phases of disease, exploring the possible prognostic value of MCP-1, together with (interleukin 6 IL-6), (interleukin 8 IL-8) and (immunoglobulin M IgM). Methods. MCP-1,IL-6 and IL-8 were measured using commercially available ELISA kits, whereas IgM in the urine was measured by an in-house ELISA. Results. The MCP-1 levels in urine were significantly higher in patients in stable phase of the disease, compared with healthy controls. Patients in stable phase, with subsequent adverse events; had significantly higher MCP-1 values than patients ...
Background.We have reported a new equation (CKD-EPI equation) that reduces bias and improves accu... more Background.We have reported a new equation (CKD-EPI equation) that reduces bias and improves accuracy for GFR estimation compared to the MDRD study equation while using the same four basic predictor variables: creatinine, age, sex and race. Here, we describe the development and validation of this equation as well as other equations that incorporate diabetes, transplant and weight as additional predictor variables. Methods. Linear regression was used to relate log-measured GFR (mGFR) to sex, race, diabetes, transplant, weight, various transformations of creatinine and age with and without interactions. Equations were developed in a pooled database of 10 studies [2/3 (N = 5504) for develop-ment and 1/3 (N = 2750) for internal validation], and final
13. Gundersen HJG, Jensen EB. The efficiency of systematic sampling in stereology and its predict... more 13. Gundersen HJG, Jensen EB. The efficiency of systematic sampling in stereology and its prediction. J Microsc 1987; 147: 229–263 14. Heeringa SF, Branten AJW, Deegens JKJ et al. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is not a sufficient predictor of renal outcome in pa-tients with membranous nephropathy. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2007; 22: 2201–2207 15. Troyanov S, Roasio L, Pandes M et al. Renal pathology in idiopathic membranous nephropathy: a new perspective. Kidney Int 2006; 69: 1641–1648 16. Fogo A, Hawkins EP, Berry PL et al. Glomerular hypertrophy in mini-mal change disease predicts subsequent progression to focal glomeru-lar sclerosis. Kidney Int 1990; 38: 115–123 17. Shea SM, Raskova J, Morrison AB. A stereologic study of glomerular hypertrophy in the subtotally nephrectomized rat. Am J Pathol 1978; 90: 201–210 18. Heeg JE, de Jong PE, Van Der Hem GK et al. Efficacy and variability
Background IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. It is ... more Background IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. It is caused by accumulation of IgA1-containing immune complexes in the kidney resulting in renal failure, which is thought to be due to altered glycosylation of IgA with a decrease of 2-3-sialylated galactosides (NeuAcα2-3Gal). Conclusion This is the first study that relates a galectin, an endogenous lectin family, to IgA-nephritis, and thus should stimulate new avenues of research into the pathophysiology of the disease. Purpose
Having been experiencing years of political fragmentation and military conflict, Libya was poorly... more Having been experiencing years of political fragmentation and military conflict, Libya was poorly prepared to meet the challenges of the COVId-19 pandemic. Nevertheless, restriction of travel and social distancing rules were put in place days before the first case was detected. During the next two months, the number of cases grew gradually to 77 cases, followed by a rapid spread that has produced 3691 confirmed cases and 80 deaths by the end of July 2020. The turning point on 26 May 2020 was preceded three weeks earlier by the arrival of the first of a series of flights repatriating Libyans who became stranded abroad when air travel was suspended. In the first weeks of the surge, the number of cases was particularly high in the less densely populated southern region, raising questions about the implementation of social distancing and other protective measures in that region. The epidemic in Libya was modeled using the classical Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered (SEIR) mathemati...
American journal of physiology. Renal physiology, 2020
Angiotensin II drives the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease, and its systemic administratio... more Angiotensin II drives the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease, and its systemic administration induces glomerular hyperpermeability in normal rats. However, the response of diabetic glomerular permeability to angiotensin II is largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated the impact of extended systemic administration of angiotensin II on the glomerular permeability of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced late diabetes in rats. We examined the changes in the glomerular permeability after subcutaneous infusion of angiotensin II at 200 ng/kg/min for 7 days into male Wistar diabetic rats with 3 months of STZ-induced diabetes (i.e., blood glucose of approximately 20 mmoL/L). We also compared these changes with the effects on nondiabetic rats. The sieving coefficients (θ) for inert polydisperse Ficoll molecules, which had a radius of 10-90 Å, were measured in vivo. The θ for large Ficoll molecules was selectively enhanced after infusion of extended angiotensin II into both diabetic ...
Patients with end stage kidney disease (ESKD) with severely impaired cognitive function have no s... more Patients with end stage kidney disease (ESKD) with severely impaired cognitive function have no survival benefit from dialysis. We therefore undertook a survey to explore the renal physicians' practices of withholding and withdrawal of dialysis treatment in vegetative state patients in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). A cross sectional survey of 29 nephrology practices in UAE exploring physicians' practices in making decisions of withholding and withdrawal of dialysis treatment during provision end-of-life care for patients in persistent vegetative state (PVS).The majority of participants practice in governmental non-for-profit dialysis units (79%), and think they are well prepared to make decision with patients and family on issues of dialysis withdrawal and withholding (69%). If a chronic dialysis patient became permanently unconscious only few respondents (17%) indicated probability of stopping dialysis. On the other hand, more respondents (48%) reported that dialysis is l...
Abstract: Medical research and publications are the back-bone for advancing the medical field. We... more Abstract: Medical research and publications are the back-bone for advancing the medical field. We identified the Pubmed medical publications that are affiliated with Libya to shed some light on the contribution of this country's medical community to the PubMed database. All ...
Human consanguinity is often attributed to poverty, lack of education and social insecurity. Neve... more Human consanguinity is often attributed to poverty, lack of education and social insecurity. Nevertheless, kin unions continue to be arranged in socioeconomically transformed societies. This study examined the structure of families and marriages in the rich tribal society of the United Arab Emirates, which has had a high gross domestic product for the last two generations and currently has one of the highest in the world. The respondents were 217 national medical students whose families are proportionally distributed to the population of the country emirates. The rate of parental consanguinity (defined as a union of any two cousins) was 36%. The social status and mean size of consanguineous and non-consanguineous families were not significantly different. In non-consanguineous families, polygamy was more common and the number of half-siblings per family was higher. The extended families were on average 7% larger among non-consanguineous families. In contrast, for the extended families of the participants' grandparents, non-consanguineous families were smaller than their consanguineous counterparts. Participants from consanguineous families indicated that marriage of either a son or daughter was more difficult to arrange than did participants from non-consanguineous families. Though consanguineous parents had their offspring marry consanguineously more often than non-consanguineous parents, the numbers of married offspring in the two groups of families were not different. Consanguineous parents have more difficulty than non-consanguineous parents in finding spouses for themselves and for their offspring, and they arranged kin marriages for their children more often.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Li... more This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License
Background. The (anti neutrophil cytoplasmatic autoantibody ANCA), associated small vessel vascul... more Background. The (anti neutrophil cytoplasmatic autoantibody ANCA), associated small vessel vasculitides (ASVV) are relapsingremitting inflammatory disorders, involving various organs, such as the kidneys. (Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 MCP-1) has been shown to be locally up regulated in glomerulonephritis and recent studies have pointed out MCP-1 as a promising marker of renal inflammation. Here we measure urinary cytokine levels in different phases of disease, exploring the possible prognostic value of MCP-1, together with (interleukin 6 IL-6), (interleukin 8 IL-8) and (immunoglobulin M IgM). Methods. MCP-1,IL-6 and IL-8 were measured using commercially available ELISA kits, whereas IgM in the urine was measured by an in-house ELISA. Results. The MCP-1 levels in urine were significantly higher in patients in stable phase of the disease, compared with healthy controls. Patients in stable phase, with subsequent adverse events; had significantly higher MCP-1 values than patients ...
Background.We have reported a new equation (CKD-EPI equation) that reduces bias and improves accu... more Background.We have reported a new equation (CKD-EPI equation) that reduces bias and improves accuracy for GFR estimation compared to the MDRD study equation while using the same four basic predictor variables: creatinine, age, sex and race. Here, we describe the development and validation of this equation as well as other equations that incorporate diabetes, transplant and weight as additional predictor variables. Methods. Linear regression was used to relate log-measured GFR (mGFR) to sex, race, diabetes, transplant, weight, various transformations of creatinine and age with and without interactions. Equations were developed in a pooled database of 10 studies [2/3 (N = 5504) for develop-ment and 1/3 (N = 2750) for internal validation], and final
13. Gundersen HJG, Jensen EB. The efficiency of systematic sampling in stereology and its predict... more 13. Gundersen HJG, Jensen EB. The efficiency of systematic sampling in stereology and its prediction. J Microsc 1987; 147: 229–263 14. Heeringa SF, Branten AJW, Deegens JKJ et al. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is not a sufficient predictor of renal outcome in pa-tients with membranous nephropathy. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2007; 22: 2201–2207 15. Troyanov S, Roasio L, Pandes M et al. Renal pathology in idiopathic membranous nephropathy: a new perspective. Kidney Int 2006; 69: 1641–1648 16. Fogo A, Hawkins EP, Berry PL et al. Glomerular hypertrophy in mini-mal change disease predicts subsequent progression to focal glomeru-lar sclerosis. Kidney Int 1990; 38: 115–123 17. Shea SM, Raskova J, Morrison AB. A stereologic study of glomerular hypertrophy in the subtotally nephrectomized rat. Am J Pathol 1978; 90: 201–210 18. Heeg JE, de Jong PE, Van Der Hem GK et al. Efficacy and variability
Background IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. It is ... more Background IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. It is caused by accumulation of IgA1-containing immune complexes in the kidney resulting in renal failure, which is thought to be due to altered glycosylation of IgA with a decrease of 2-3-sialylated galactosides (NeuAcα2-3Gal). Conclusion This is the first study that relates a galectin, an endogenous lectin family, to IgA-nephritis, and thus should stimulate new avenues of research into the pathophysiology of the disease. Purpose
Having been experiencing years of political fragmentation and military conflict, Libya was poorly... more Having been experiencing years of political fragmentation and military conflict, Libya was poorly prepared to meet the challenges of the COVId-19 pandemic. Nevertheless, restriction of travel and social distancing rules were put in place days before the first case was detected. During the next two months, the number of cases grew gradually to 77 cases, followed by a rapid spread that has produced 3691 confirmed cases and 80 deaths by the end of July 2020. The turning point on 26 May 2020 was preceded three weeks earlier by the arrival of the first of a series of flights repatriating Libyans who became stranded abroad when air travel was suspended. In the first weeks of the surge, the number of cases was particularly high in the less densely populated southern region, raising questions about the implementation of social distancing and other protective measures in that region. The epidemic in Libya was modeled using the classical Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered (SEIR) mathemati...
American journal of physiology. Renal physiology, 2020
Angiotensin II drives the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease, and its systemic administratio... more Angiotensin II drives the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease, and its systemic administration induces glomerular hyperpermeability in normal rats. However, the response of diabetic glomerular permeability to angiotensin II is largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated the impact of extended systemic administration of angiotensin II on the glomerular permeability of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced late diabetes in rats. We examined the changes in the glomerular permeability after subcutaneous infusion of angiotensin II at 200 ng/kg/min for 7 days into male Wistar diabetic rats with 3 months of STZ-induced diabetes (i.e., blood glucose of approximately 20 mmoL/L). We also compared these changes with the effects on nondiabetic rats. The sieving coefficients (θ) for inert polydisperse Ficoll molecules, which had a radius of 10-90 Å, were measured in vivo. The θ for large Ficoll molecules was selectively enhanced after infusion of extended angiotensin II into both diabetic ...
Patients with end stage kidney disease (ESKD) with severely impaired cognitive function have no s... more Patients with end stage kidney disease (ESKD) with severely impaired cognitive function have no survival benefit from dialysis. We therefore undertook a survey to explore the renal physicians' practices of withholding and withdrawal of dialysis treatment in vegetative state patients in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). A cross sectional survey of 29 nephrology practices in UAE exploring physicians' practices in making decisions of withholding and withdrawal of dialysis treatment during provision end-of-life care for patients in persistent vegetative state (PVS).The majority of participants practice in governmental non-for-profit dialysis units (79%), and think they are well prepared to make decision with patients and family on issues of dialysis withdrawal and withholding (69%). If a chronic dialysis patient became permanently unconscious only few respondents (17%) indicated probability of stopping dialysis. On the other hand, more respondents (48%) reported that dialysis is l...
Abstract: Medical research and publications are the back-bone for advancing the medical field. We... more Abstract: Medical research and publications are the back-bone for advancing the medical field. We identified the Pubmed medical publications that are affiliated with Libya to shed some light on the contribution of this country's medical community to the PubMed database. All ...
Human consanguinity is often attributed to poverty, lack of education and social insecurity. Neve... more Human consanguinity is often attributed to poverty, lack of education and social insecurity. Nevertheless, kin unions continue to be arranged in socioeconomically transformed societies. This study examined the structure of families and marriages in the rich tribal society of the United Arab Emirates, which has had a high gross domestic product for the last two generations and currently has one of the highest in the world. The respondents were 217 national medical students whose families are proportionally distributed to the population of the country emirates. The rate of parental consanguinity (defined as a union of any two cousins) was 36%. The social status and mean size of consanguineous and non-consanguineous families were not significantly different. In non-consanguineous families, polygamy was more common and the number of half-siblings per family was higher. The extended families were on average 7% larger among non-consanguineous families. In contrast, for the extended families of the participants' grandparents, non-consanguineous families were smaller than their consanguineous counterparts. Participants from consanguineous families indicated that marriage of either a son or daughter was more difficult to arrange than did participants from non-consanguineous families. Though consanguineous parents had their offspring marry consanguineously more often than non-consanguineous parents, the numbers of married offspring in the two groups of families were not different. Consanguineous parents have more difficulty than non-consanguineous parents in finding spouses for themselves and for their offspring, and they arranged kin marriages for their children more often.
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