Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering
Multipath TCP (MPTCP) achieves greater throughput by sending packets from a single byte stream ac... more Multipath TCP (MPTCP) achieves greater throughput by sending packets from a single byte stream across multiple interfaces and thus, potentially exploits multiple available network paths. This allows end hosts to aggregate bandwidth and network resources. Network simulators such as ns-3 [1] provide researchers with a convenient tool to evaluate protocols and architectures and their importance can not be overemphasized. There are currently 3 existing implementations of MPTCP in ns-3. We evaluate these implementations and find that they lack several key features and are therefore, inadequate for furthering research. We implement MPTCP in ns-3-dev (Developer’s version) and introduce multiple path managers namely default, ndiffports and fullmesh creating an MPTCP patch for ns-3 [2]. The simulation results show improvements in throughput and Flow Completion Times (FCTs) in comparison with previous work. Our implementation [3] is compatible with the current version (ns-3.29).
In developing countries, majority of the households use overhead water tanks to have running wate... more In developing countries, majority of the households use overhead water tanks to have running water. These water tanks are exposed to the elements, which usually render the tap water uncomfortable to use, given the extreme subtropical weather conditions. Externally weatherproofing these tanks to maintain the groundwater temperature is short-lived, and only results in a marginal (0.5°C–1°C) improvement in tap water temperature. We propose Ashray , an IoT-inspired, intelligent system to minimize the exposure of water to the elements thereby maintaining its temperature close to that of the groundwater. Ashray learns the water demand patterns of a household and pumps water into the overhead tank only when necessary. The predictive, machine learning based, approach of Ashray improves water comfort by up to 8°C in summers and 3°C in winters, on average. Ashray is retrofitted into existing infrastructure with a hardware prototyping cost of $27, whereas it can save up to 16% on water heating...
2018 IEEE 4th World Forum on Internet of Things (WF-IoT), 2018
In this paper, we propose a novel visible light communication (VLC) based indoor positioning syst... more In this paper, we propose a novel visible light communication (VLC) based indoor positioning system (IPS) for Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications. In such systems, to minimize the harmful flickering effects due to intensity modulation of LED lamps, our proposed design only requires a single LED ceiling lamp and multiple photodiodes (PDs) at the receiver. We propose an ON/OFF switching frequency pattern of our single LED ceiling lamp that allows the use of time difference of arrival (TDOA) based positioning algorithm. The localization accuracy achieved by our proposed design is very high and the error in the estimated position of a receiver is only few millimeters (mm). This performance is comparable to the IPS systems that rely on multiple LED lamps. We also consider different arrangements of photodiodes at the receiver. Simulation results reveal that in terms of localization accuracy, circular arrangement of PDs outperforms all other considered configurations.
Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences , University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, 2000
This write up attempts to study the various aspects of the design, development and trouble-shooti... more This write up attempts to study the various aspects of the design, development and trouble-shooting of microprocessor based systems using a "minimal tool" environment. An 8085 based single board computer was designed for this purpose.
Emerging countries predominantly rely on room-level air conditioning units (window ACs, space hea... more Emerging countries predominantly rely on room-level air conditioning units (window ACs, space heaters, ceiling fans) for thermal comfort. These distributed units have manual, decentralized control leading to suboptimal energy usage for two reasons: excessive setpoints by individuals and inability to interleave different conditioning units for energy savings. We propose a novel inverted HVAC approach: cheaply retrofitting these distributed units with “on-off” control and providing centralized control augmented with room and environmental sensors. Our binary control approach exploits an understanding of device consumption characteristics and factors this into the control algorithms to reduce consumption. We implement this approach as H awadaar in a prototype 180ft 2 room to evaluate its efficacy over a 7-month period experiencing both hot and cold climates. Through a post analysis, we show that our on-off algorithms are not far from a theoretically optimal approach based on a priori i...
2015 13th International Conference on Frontiers of Information Technology (FIT), 2015
Recently, the use of LED-based visible light communication (VLC) for short-range and low data rat... more Recently, the use of LED-based visible light communication (VLC) for short-range and low data rate applications has become an area of great interest for research and development communities. LED-based VLC systems consume less power and offer more secure communication link when compared with other wireless technologies. This article introduces the use of LED-based VLC systems for "point-and-grab" applications using smartphones and photodiodes. Different real life point-and-grab application scenarios, with one in particular relating to restaurant-consumer communication, are discussed where LED-based VLC can act as potential replacement for existing bluetooth or infrared technologies. A low cost photodiode dongle is developed to be used with smartphones which can provide reasonably high data rates for new possible commercial applications discussed in this paper. The data rates achieved by the developed test bed supplants the existing limitations on rates achievable by smartphone cameras. Experiments with the test bed are performed with the achievable rates of 1 Mbps which are greater than the highest achievable rates of up to 3 kbps with smartphone camera only. The proposed test-bed is also used for experimental measurement of different design characteristics like baud rate and symbol error rate, and to study the impact of several design parameters like tilt angle and range on the former characteristics.
Visible light LEDs, due to their numerous advantages, are expected to become the dominant indoor ... more Visible light LEDs, due to their numerous advantages, are expected to become the dominant indoor lighting technology. These lights can also be switched ON/OFF at high frequency, enabling their additional use for wireless communication and indoor positioning. In this article, visible LED light--based indoor positioning systems are surveyed and classified into two broad categories based on the receiver structure. The basic principle and architecture of each design category, along with various position computation algorithms, are discussed and compared. Finally, several new research, implementation, commercialization, and standardization challenges are identified and highlighted for this relatively novel and interesting indoor localization technology.
IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, 1997
ABSTRACT This paper presents a framework for dimensioning policing functions based on parametric ... more ABSTRACT This paper presents a framework for dimensioning policing functions based on parametric stationary models of VBR video traffic carried over ATM networks. Parametric models for wide sense stationary processes such as AR and ARMA have been used to accurately model VBR video sources but have been limited to simulation studies because analytical studies of such queueing models are not tractable. This paper investigates the use of a stochastic bounding interval (SBI) approach to characterise VBR video source traffic. Based upon such a characterisation, policing functions with a (s, r) constraint are then relatively easy to define. The approach described is fairly general and can be extended to other parametric models of wide sense stationary processes. Keywords VBR Video, MPEG, UPC, GCRA 1 INTRODUCTION In recent years there has been significant progress towards the deployment of a high speed network capable of flexibly supporting digital video technologies. This Integrated Broadband Net...
This paper evaluates the performance of a Bursty Traffic Specification & Allocation (BTSA) police... more This paper evaluates the performance of a Bursty Traffic Specification & Allocation (BTSA) policer function as a mean rate policer for packet voice, still picture video services and on-off sources with arbitrary distributions of the off periods. Scenarios considered include varying the mean burst duration, mean silence period, etc. over nominal values based on a MMDP model of packet voice and still picture video services. For on-off traffic models with arbitrary distributions the squared co-efficient of variation of the off periods is varied such that the mean rate remains constant but the squared coefficient of inter arrival times of cells varies. The study investigates the effectiveness of the BTSA policer for mean rate policing. The work discusses and compares the results produced in previous studies using analytical and simulation techniques. Introduction The Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) offers a flexible solution to the diverse requirements of an Integrated Broadband Networ...
ABSTRACT In recent years forward error correction (FEC) protection schemes have gathered renewed ... more ABSTRACT In recent years forward error correction (FEC) protection schemes have gathered renewed attention. This has especially been the case for high-speed network applications as in ATM networks where it is undesirable to retransmit errored data. This paper presents the results of a simulation study evaluating the impact of the generic cell rate algorithm (GCRA) conformance policers on FEC protected Motion pictures Expert Group (MPEG) video streams. The MPEG traffic characteristics are unique and pose problems for dimensioning networks and resources. The block loss rate (BLR) is the main performance measure of interest and we evaluate the effectiveness of the FEC scheme when applied to GCRA
Management Enabling the Future Internet for Changing Business and New Computing Services, 2009
... 1 Dept of CSE, NWFP University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar Pakistan {ihsan,yahya.... more ... 1 Dept of CSE, NWFP University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar Pakistan {ihsan,yahya.khawaja}@nwfpuet.edu.pk 2 University of ... IEEE Com-munications Magazine, 5459 (December 2003) 6. Ramos, RC, Gonzalez Perez, LF: Quasi Mobile IP-based Architecture ...
2009 International Conference on Ultra Modern Telecommunications & Workshops, 2009
... Jadoon4 1Department of Computer Systems Engineering, NWFP University of Engineering and Techn... more ... Jadoon4 1Department of Computer Systems Engineering, NWFP University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar Pakistan {ihsan, yahya.khawaja @nwfpuet ... its own customers by using the switch and infrastructure of existing MNOs to generate revenue, a win-win scenario ...
... REFERENCES [l] "QOS Manegemat and Performance Monitoring in ATM Networks", ... more ... REFERENCES [l] "QOS Manegemat and Performance Monitoring in ATM Networks", Jae-il Jung L Annie Gravey. EEE ... al. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in 1101 "Open Loop schemes fa Network Cmgestion Control". A. Jalali L L. G. Mason. IEEE ICC' 91. pp 199-203. ...
2007 International Conference on Emerging Technologies, 2007
... The simulation has been performed using OPNET Modeler 10.5 and six different scenarios have b... more ... The simulation has been performed using OPNET Modeler 10.5 and six different scenarios have been designed ... study the effect of Voice coders on the performance of VoIP over WLAN. ... metrics are again noted by disabling the SAD and the two results are compared for analysis. ...
Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering
Multipath TCP (MPTCP) achieves greater throughput by sending packets from a single byte stream ac... more Multipath TCP (MPTCP) achieves greater throughput by sending packets from a single byte stream across multiple interfaces and thus, potentially exploits multiple available network paths. This allows end hosts to aggregate bandwidth and network resources. Network simulators such as ns-3 [1] provide researchers with a convenient tool to evaluate protocols and architectures and their importance can not be overemphasized. There are currently 3 existing implementations of MPTCP in ns-3. We evaluate these implementations and find that they lack several key features and are therefore, inadequate for furthering research. We implement MPTCP in ns-3-dev (Developer’s version) and introduce multiple path managers namely default, ndiffports and fullmesh creating an MPTCP patch for ns-3 [2]. The simulation results show improvements in throughput and Flow Completion Times (FCTs) in comparison with previous work. Our implementation [3] is compatible with the current version (ns-3.29).
In developing countries, majority of the households use overhead water tanks to have running wate... more In developing countries, majority of the households use overhead water tanks to have running water. These water tanks are exposed to the elements, which usually render the tap water uncomfortable to use, given the extreme subtropical weather conditions. Externally weatherproofing these tanks to maintain the groundwater temperature is short-lived, and only results in a marginal (0.5°C–1°C) improvement in tap water temperature. We propose Ashray , an IoT-inspired, intelligent system to minimize the exposure of water to the elements thereby maintaining its temperature close to that of the groundwater. Ashray learns the water demand patterns of a household and pumps water into the overhead tank only when necessary. The predictive, machine learning based, approach of Ashray improves water comfort by up to 8°C in summers and 3°C in winters, on average. Ashray is retrofitted into existing infrastructure with a hardware prototyping cost of $27, whereas it can save up to 16% on water heating...
2018 IEEE 4th World Forum on Internet of Things (WF-IoT), 2018
In this paper, we propose a novel visible light communication (VLC) based indoor positioning syst... more In this paper, we propose a novel visible light communication (VLC) based indoor positioning system (IPS) for Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications. In such systems, to minimize the harmful flickering effects due to intensity modulation of LED lamps, our proposed design only requires a single LED ceiling lamp and multiple photodiodes (PDs) at the receiver. We propose an ON/OFF switching frequency pattern of our single LED ceiling lamp that allows the use of time difference of arrival (TDOA) based positioning algorithm. The localization accuracy achieved by our proposed design is very high and the error in the estimated position of a receiver is only few millimeters (mm). This performance is comparable to the IPS systems that rely on multiple LED lamps. We also consider different arrangements of photodiodes at the receiver. Simulation results reveal that in terms of localization accuracy, circular arrangement of PDs outperforms all other considered configurations.
Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences , University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, 2000
This write up attempts to study the various aspects of the design, development and trouble-shooti... more This write up attempts to study the various aspects of the design, development and trouble-shooting of microprocessor based systems using a "minimal tool" environment. An 8085 based single board computer was designed for this purpose.
Emerging countries predominantly rely on room-level air conditioning units (window ACs, space hea... more Emerging countries predominantly rely on room-level air conditioning units (window ACs, space heaters, ceiling fans) for thermal comfort. These distributed units have manual, decentralized control leading to suboptimal energy usage for two reasons: excessive setpoints by individuals and inability to interleave different conditioning units for energy savings. We propose a novel inverted HVAC approach: cheaply retrofitting these distributed units with “on-off” control and providing centralized control augmented with room and environmental sensors. Our binary control approach exploits an understanding of device consumption characteristics and factors this into the control algorithms to reduce consumption. We implement this approach as H awadaar in a prototype 180ft 2 room to evaluate its efficacy over a 7-month period experiencing both hot and cold climates. Through a post analysis, we show that our on-off algorithms are not far from a theoretically optimal approach based on a priori i...
2015 13th International Conference on Frontiers of Information Technology (FIT), 2015
Recently, the use of LED-based visible light communication (VLC) for short-range and low data rat... more Recently, the use of LED-based visible light communication (VLC) for short-range and low data rate applications has become an area of great interest for research and development communities. LED-based VLC systems consume less power and offer more secure communication link when compared with other wireless technologies. This article introduces the use of LED-based VLC systems for "point-and-grab" applications using smartphones and photodiodes. Different real life point-and-grab application scenarios, with one in particular relating to restaurant-consumer communication, are discussed where LED-based VLC can act as potential replacement for existing bluetooth or infrared technologies. A low cost photodiode dongle is developed to be used with smartphones which can provide reasonably high data rates for new possible commercial applications discussed in this paper. The data rates achieved by the developed test bed supplants the existing limitations on rates achievable by smartphone cameras. Experiments with the test bed are performed with the achievable rates of 1 Mbps which are greater than the highest achievable rates of up to 3 kbps with smartphone camera only. The proposed test-bed is also used for experimental measurement of different design characteristics like baud rate and symbol error rate, and to study the impact of several design parameters like tilt angle and range on the former characteristics.
Visible light LEDs, due to their numerous advantages, are expected to become the dominant indoor ... more Visible light LEDs, due to their numerous advantages, are expected to become the dominant indoor lighting technology. These lights can also be switched ON/OFF at high frequency, enabling their additional use for wireless communication and indoor positioning. In this article, visible LED light--based indoor positioning systems are surveyed and classified into two broad categories based on the receiver structure. The basic principle and architecture of each design category, along with various position computation algorithms, are discussed and compared. Finally, several new research, implementation, commercialization, and standardization challenges are identified and highlighted for this relatively novel and interesting indoor localization technology.
IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, 1997
ABSTRACT This paper presents a framework for dimensioning policing functions based on parametric ... more ABSTRACT This paper presents a framework for dimensioning policing functions based on parametric stationary models of VBR video traffic carried over ATM networks. Parametric models for wide sense stationary processes such as AR and ARMA have been used to accurately model VBR video sources but have been limited to simulation studies because analytical studies of such queueing models are not tractable. This paper investigates the use of a stochastic bounding interval (SBI) approach to characterise VBR video source traffic. Based upon such a characterisation, policing functions with a (s, r) constraint are then relatively easy to define. The approach described is fairly general and can be extended to other parametric models of wide sense stationary processes. Keywords VBR Video, MPEG, UPC, GCRA 1 INTRODUCTION In recent years there has been significant progress towards the deployment of a high speed network capable of flexibly supporting digital video technologies. This Integrated Broadband Net...
This paper evaluates the performance of a Bursty Traffic Specification & Allocation (BTSA) police... more This paper evaluates the performance of a Bursty Traffic Specification & Allocation (BTSA) policer function as a mean rate policer for packet voice, still picture video services and on-off sources with arbitrary distributions of the off periods. Scenarios considered include varying the mean burst duration, mean silence period, etc. over nominal values based on a MMDP model of packet voice and still picture video services. For on-off traffic models with arbitrary distributions the squared co-efficient of variation of the off periods is varied such that the mean rate remains constant but the squared coefficient of inter arrival times of cells varies. The study investigates the effectiveness of the BTSA policer for mean rate policing. The work discusses and compares the results produced in previous studies using analytical and simulation techniques. Introduction The Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) offers a flexible solution to the diverse requirements of an Integrated Broadband Networ...
ABSTRACT In recent years forward error correction (FEC) protection schemes have gathered renewed ... more ABSTRACT In recent years forward error correction (FEC) protection schemes have gathered renewed attention. This has especially been the case for high-speed network applications as in ATM networks where it is undesirable to retransmit errored data. This paper presents the results of a simulation study evaluating the impact of the generic cell rate algorithm (GCRA) conformance policers on FEC protected Motion pictures Expert Group (MPEG) video streams. The MPEG traffic characteristics are unique and pose problems for dimensioning networks and resources. The block loss rate (BLR) is the main performance measure of interest and we evaluate the effectiveness of the FEC scheme when applied to GCRA
Management Enabling the Future Internet for Changing Business and New Computing Services, 2009
... 1 Dept of CSE, NWFP University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar Pakistan {ihsan,yahya.... more ... 1 Dept of CSE, NWFP University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar Pakistan {ihsan,yahya.khawaja}@nwfpuet.edu.pk 2 University of ... IEEE Com-munications Magazine, 5459 (December 2003) 6. Ramos, RC, Gonzalez Perez, LF: Quasi Mobile IP-based Architecture ...
2009 International Conference on Ultra Modern Telecommunications & Workshops, 2009
... Jadoon4 1Department of Computer Systems Engineering, NWFP University of Engineering and Techn... more ... Jadoon4 1Department of Computer Systems Engineering, NWFP University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar Pakistan {ihsan, yahya.khawaja @nwfpuet ... its own customers by using the switch and infrastructure of existing MNOs to generate revenue, a win-win scenario ...
... REFERENCES [l] "QOS Manegemat and Performance Monitoring in ATM Networks", ... more ... REFERENCES [l] "QOS Manegemat and Performance Monitoring in ATM Networks", Jae-il Jung L Annie Gravey. EEE ... al. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in 1101 "Open Loop schemes fa Network Cmgestion Control". A. Jalali L L. G. Mason. IEEE ICC' 91. pp 199-203. ...
2007 International Conference on Emerging Technologies, 2007
... The simulation has been performed using OPNET Modeler 10.5 and six different scenarios have b... more ... The simulation has been performed using OPNET Modeler 10.5 and six different scenarios have been designed ... study the effect of Voice coders on the performance of VoIP over WLAN. ... metrics are again noted by disabling the SAD and the two results are compared for analysis. ...
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Papers by Tariq Jadoon