I`m a certified public accountant and I just want to help all those researchers with some books that I have and besides, just practice my English.Blessings
Thymalfasin has shown efficacy in the treatment of chronic HCV infection. The aim of this study w... more Thymalfasin has shown efficacy in the treatment of chronic HCV infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of triple therapy with thymalfasin, peginterferon alpha-2a (PEG-IFN alpha-2a), and ribavirin in Hispanic patients with chronic viral hepatitis C who were nonresponders to prior treatment with interferon alfa (IFN-alpha)/ribavirin. In this open-label study, 40 subjects received thymalfasin (1.6 mg twice a week), PEG-IFN alpha-2a (180 microg once a week), and ribavirin (800-1,000 mg/day) for 48 weeks. All patients had positive HCV RNA by PCR analysis, abnormal levels of ALT, compensated hepatic disease, and liver biopsy with chronic damage. Viral response was observed in 52.5% patients at week 12 and 50% at week 24. Of the per protocol group, 52.6% showed an end-of-treatment response at week 48 and 21.1% achieved an SVR at week 72. Among genotype 1 patients, 23.5% achieved an SVR at week 72. A reduction of the dose of PEG IFN alpha-2a and ribavi...
The prevalence of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis has increased in the last years, paralleling the ... more The prevalence of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis has increased in the last years, paralleling the increasing incidence of overweight and obesity in the general population and related comorbidities. It is expected that in near future, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis will be responsible for a large number of subjects with chronic liver disease due to fatty liver Because of this, treatment options for fatty liver are necessary. To date, the cornerstone of treatment is based in weight reduction, with diet and increased physical activity, although reports indicating that insulin sensitizers and medications that reduce oxidative stress may hold promise for the treatment of this condition. This article reviews the most important aspects of treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
The large number of chronic hepatitis C patients infected by geno-type 1 constitutes an important... more The large number of chronic hepatitis C patients infected by geno-type 1 constitutes an important therapeutic challenge because they are the most resistant to combination therapy with interferon alfa and ribavirin.1-3 In these patients, the sustained virologic response to peginterferon ...
Pegylated interferon (peginterferon) alfa-2b plus ribavirin achieves a higher sustained response ... more Pegylated interferon (peginterferon) alfa-2b plus ribavirin achieves a higher sustained response rate in patients with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) than standard combination therapy. This study evaluated HCV kinetics throughout therapy with 2 doses of peginterferon alfa-2b and ribavirin in 55 patients. Twenty-eight patients were randomized to receive a high once-weekly dose of peginterferon alfa-2b (3 microg/kg for 1 week, 1.5 microg/kg for 3 weeks, and 1.0 microg/kg for 44 weeks), and 27 patients were randomized to receive a low dose (0.5 microg/kg) for 48 weeks. Both groups also received 800 mg ribavirin daily. Mean baseline HCV RNA load, measured by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, was similar in both groups (5.32 +/- 0.86 log vs. 5.15 +/- 1.04 log). The 3-microg/kg dose of peginterferon alfa-2b inhibited HCV RNA more significantly than the 0.5-microg/kg dose during the first 48 hours (2.08 +/- 0.93 log vs. 1.09 +/- 0.80 log; P <.001) and both increased at 72 hours (0.54 +/- 0.73 log vs. 0.03 +/- 0.36 log; P = not significant [NS]), but the high dose showed a greater reduction at the end of the week (1.07 +/- 0.99 log vs. 0.72 +/- 0.73 log). Both doses showed a progressive, slower viral decrease throughout therapy; however, HCV RNA became undetectable faster and in more patients with the high dose (22% vs. 7% at week 4, 56% vs. 44% at week 12, 69% vs. 63% at week 24, and 71% vs. 61.5% at the end of therapy). In conclusion, peginterferon alfa-2b/ribavirin produces an initial rapid decline in HCV RNA levels, followed by a slower, progressive decrease, similar to the biphasic kinetic profile of standard combination therapy. Higher doses of peginterferon alfa-2b also accelerate viral clearance.
The dark current-voltage characteristics of PIN structures are studied and analyzed for PV sample... more The dark current-voltage characteristics of PIN structures are studied and analyzed for PV samples as for integral device without taking account the performance of the different elements typically used in equivalent circuit model such as diode n-factor, shunt and series resistances. The contribution of all these elements is very important in the development of devices because they determine the performance characteristics. In this work we have studied and compared the temperature dependence of current-voltage characteristics in μc-Si:H and pm-Si:H p-i-n structures having approximately the same efficiencies with emphasis on their different electronic characteristics such as shunt (Rsh) and series (Rs) resistance, ideality factor (n), and the saturation current (Is), which give us some ideas on role of these elements. In the pm-Si:H cell it was observed that the Rs increases with the increase of the temperature in contrast to the μc-Si:H structures, where the series resistance reduces...
ABSTRACT (GexSi1-x: H) films are of much interest for many device applications because of narrow ... more ABSTRACT (GexSi1-x: H) films are of much interest for many device applications because of narrow band gap and compatibility with films deposited by plasma. However, electronic properties of GexSi1-x: H films for high Ge content x> 0.5 have been studied less than ...
Article 365 of the political constitution of Colombia states as follows: "Public utilities a... more Article 365 of the political constitution of Colombia states as follows: "Public utilities are inherent to the social objectives of the state. It is the responsibility of the state to ensure efficient provision of these services to all citizens in the national territory....". In the case of drinking water and basic sanitation, the responsibility for seeing to the efficient provision of services falls on the municipal and departmental agencies, which finance these works with government funds from the general participation system in accordance with the provisions of Law 715 of 2001. The purpose of this paper is to review efficiency in the provision of drinking water supply to people in 45 municipalities in the state of Bolivar, Colombia, in the 2007-2008 time period, based on a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) using information about total investment in drinking water and the monthly average of hours of service supplied by each territorial agency to the National Planning Depa...
Los servicios médicos de alta complejidad constituyen un sector con alto potencial de generación ... more Los servicios médicos de alta complejidad constituyen un sector con alto potencial de generación de divisas y buen desempeño competitivo por el acceso a altos desarrollos tecnológicos. La medición de la eficiencia en este sector en el país es un aspecto importante si se quiere ser competitivo. Con una muestra de 20 hospitales y clínicas latinoamericanos en el año 2009, utilizando la información suministrada por América Economía, se midió la eficiencia de 5 entidades colombianas incluidas allí. La medición se hizo mediante la metodología DEA. Los resultados arrojaron que 4 de las entidades colombianas se encuentran sobre la frontera de eficiencia y la restante solo debe hacer ajustes en el uso del espacio físico, en aquellos campos en los que esto sea posible. La conjunción de eficiencia, precios competitivos y calidad del servicio le auguran un buen futuro a los servicios médicos de alta complejidad en el país. Abstract The medical services of complex surgeries is a sector with high...
Introduction: analyze the efficiency in the southern departments of Bolivar (Colombia) in relatio... more Introduction: analyze the efficiency in the southern departments of Bolivar (Colombia) in relation to the affiliation of people to the subsidized health regime during the 2007 to 2008 time period.
La caracterización de las cadenas productivas aplicando el concepto de simulación mediante redes ... more La caracterización de las cadenas productivas aplicando el concepto de simulación mediante redes dinámicas, conlleva una descripción mucho más detallada de cada uno de los actores que intervienen en las cadenas, además de esbozar las relaciones entre los mismos a partir de variables de tipo cuantitativas, resultado de la esquematización de sus recursos compartidos. Este artículo es el derivado del macro proyecto efectuado por el Programa de Administración Industrial de la Universidad de Cartagena titulado “Caracterización de las cadenas hortofrutícolas en el departamento de Bolívar mediante un modelo de simulación de redes”, el cual se ha generalizado para su aplicación en cualquier tipo de cadena productiva, en colaboración con la secretaría de agricultura, la gobernación de Bolívar y Amezco S.A. consultores.
Dentro de la gran variedad de herramientas que pueden ser utilizadas dentro de la planeación estr... more Dentro de la gran variedad de herramientas que pueden ser utilizadas dentro de la planeación estratégica, la planeación por escenarios se ha convertido hoy en día en una aproximación metodológica para predecir y/o construir un futuro. Mediante la identificación de tendencias claves, se podrá construir escenarios con el propósito de mejorar el proceso de toma de decisiones y reducir el riego en las organizaciones. Este artículo propone una revisión bibliográfica de autores prominentes e investigaciones científicas recientes sobre la planeación por escenarios, revisando las teorías que giran alrededor del término escenario y proveer al lector de información sobre las distintas metodologías existentes.
Thymalfasin has shown efficacy in the treatment of chronic HCV infection. The aim of this study w... more Thymalfasin has shown efficacy in the treatment of chronic HCV infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of triple therapy with thymalfasin, peginterferon alpha-2a (PEG-IFN alpha-2a), and ribavirin in Hispanic patients with chronic viral hepatitis C who were nonresponders to prior treatment with interferon alfa (IFN-alpha)/ribavirin. In this open-label study, 40 subjects received thymalfasin (1.6 mg twice a week), PEG-IFN alpha-2a (180 microg once a week), and ribavirin (800-1,000 mg/day) for 48 weeks. All patients had positive HCV RNA by PCR analysis, abnormal levels of ALT, compensated hepatic disease, and liver biopsy with chronic damage. Viral response was observed in 52.5% patients at week 12 and 50% at week 24. Of the per protocol group, 52.6% showed an end-of-treatment response at week 48 and 21.1% achieved an SVR at week 72. Among genotype 1 patients, 23.5% achieved an SVR at week 72. A reduction of the dose of PEG IFN alpha-2a and ribavi...
The prevalence of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis has increased in the last years, paralleling the ... more The prevalence of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis has increased in the last years, paralleling the increasing incidence of overweight and obesity in the general population and related comorbidities. It is expected that in near future, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis will be responsible for a large number of subjects with chronic liver disease due to fatty liver Because of this, treatment options for fatty liver are necessary. To date, the cornerstone of treatment is based in weight reduction, with diet and increased physical activity, although reports indicating that insulin sensitizers and medications that reduce oxidative stress may hold promise for the treatment of this condition. This article reviews the most important aspects of treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
The large number of chronic hepatitis C patients infected by geno-type 1 constitutes an important... more The large number of chronic hepatitis C patients infected by geno-type 1 constitutes an important therapeutic challenge because they are the most resistant to combination therapy with interferon alfa and ribavirin.1-3 In these patients, the sustained virologic response to peginterferon ...
Pegylated interferon (peginterferon) alfa-2b plus ribavirin achieves a higher sustained response ... more Pegylated interferon (peginterferon) alfa-2b plus ribavirin achieves a higher sustained response rate in patients with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) than standard combination therapy. This study evaluated HCV kinetics throughout therapy with 2 doses of peginterferon alfa-2b and ribavirin in 55 patients. Twenty-eight patients were randomized to receive a high once-weekly dose of peginterferon alfa-2b (3 microg/kg for 1 week, 1.5 microg/kg for 3 weeks, and 1.0 microg/kg for 44 weeks), and 27 patients were randomized to receive a low dose (0.5 microg/kg) for 48 weeks. Both groups also received 800 mg ribavirin daily. Mean baseline HCV RNA load, measured by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, was similar in both groups (5.32 +/- 0.86 log vs. 5.15 +/- 1.04 log). The 3-microg/kg dose of peginterferon alfa-2b inhibited HCV RNA more significantly than the 0.5-microg/kg dose during the first 48 hours (2.08 +/- 0.93 log vs. 1.09 +/- 0.80 log; P <.001) and both increased at 72 hours (0.54 +/- 0.73 log vs. 0.03 +/- 0.36 log; P = not significant [NS]), but the high dose showed a greater reduction at the end of the week (1.07 +/- 0.99 log vs. 0.72 +/- 0.73 log). Both doses showed a progressive, slower viral decrease throughout therapy; however, HCV RNA became undetectable faster and in more patients with the high dose (22% vs. 7% at week 4, 56% vs. 44% at week 12, 69% vs. 63% at week 24, and 71% vs. 61.5% at the end of therapy). In conclusion, peginterferon alfa-2b/ribavirin produces an initial rapid decline in HCV RNA levels, followed by a slower, progressive decrease, similar to the biphasic kinetic profile of standard combination therapy. Higher doses of peginterferon alfa-2b also accelerate viral clearance.
The dark current-voltage characteristics of PIN structures are studied and analyzed for PV sample... more The dark current-voltage characteristics of PIN structures are studied and analyzed for PV samples as for integral device without taking account the performance of the different elements typically used in equivalent circuit model such as diode n-factor, shunt and series resistances. The contribution of all these elements is very important in the development of devices because they determine the performance characteristics. In this work we have studied and compared the temperature dependence of current-voltage characteristics in μc-Si:H and pm-Si:H p-i-n structures having approximately the same efficiencies with emphasis on their different electronic characteristics such as shunt (Rsh) and series (Rs) resistance, ideality factor (n), and the saturation current (Is), which give us some ideas on role of these elements. In the pm-Si:H cell it was observed that the Rs increases with the increase of the temperature in contrast to the μc-Si:H structures, where the series resistance reduces...
ABSTRACT (GexSi1-x: H) films are of much interest for many device applications because of narrow ... more ABSTRACT (GexSi1-x: H) films are of much interest for many device applications because of narrow band gap and compatibility with films deposited by plasma. However, electronic properties of GexSi1-x: H films for high Ge content x> 0.5 have been studied less than ...
Article 365 of the political constitution of Colombia states as follows: "Public utilities a... more Article 365 of the political constitution of Colombia states as follows: "Public utilities are inherent to the social objectives of the state. It is the responsibility of the state to ensure efficient provision of these services to all citizens in the national territory....". In the case of drinking water and basic sanitation, the responsibility for seeing to the efficient provision of services falls on the municipal and departmental agencies, which finance these works with government funds from the general participation system in accordance with the provisions of Law 715 of 2001. The purpose of this paper is to review efficiency in the provision of drinking water supply to people in 45 municipalities in the state of Bolivar, Colombia, in the 2007-2008 time period, based on a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) using information about total investment in drinking water and the monthly average of hours of service supplied by each territorial agency to the National Planning Depa...
Los servicios médicos de alta complejidad constituyen un sector con alto potencial de generación ... more Los servicios médicos de alta complejidad constituyen un sector con alto potencial de generación de divisas y buen desempeño competitivo por el acceso a altos desarrollos tecnológicos. La medición de la eficiencia en este sector en el país es un aspecto importante si se quiere ser competitivo. Con una muestra de 20 hospitales y clínicas latinoamericanos en el año 2009, utilizando la información suministrada por América Economía, se midió la eficiencia de 5 entidades colombianas incluidas allí. La medición se hizo mediante la metodología DEA. Los resultados arrojaron que 4 de las entidades colombianas se encuentran sobre la frontera de eficiencia y la restante solo debe hacer ajustes en el uso del espacio físico, en aquellos campos en los que esto sea posible. La conjunción de eficiencia, precios competitivos y calidad del servicio le auguran un buen futuro a los servicios médicos de alta complejidad en el país. Abstract The medical services of complex surgeries is a sector with high...
Introduction: analyze the efficiency in the southern departments of Bolivar (Colombia) in relatio... more Introduction: analyze the efficiency in the southern departments of Bolivar (Colombia) in relation to the affiliation of people to the subsidized health regime during the 2007 to 2008 time period.
La caracterización de las cadenas productivas aplicando el concepto de simulación mediante redes ... more La caracterización de las cadenas productivas aplicando el concepto de simulación mediante redes dinámicas, conlleva una descripción mucho más detallada de cada uno de los actores que intervienen en las cadenas, además de esbozar las relaciones entre los mismos a partir de variables de tipo cuantitativas, resultado de la esquematización de sus recursos compartidos. Este artículo es el derivado del macro proyecto efectuado por el Programa de Administración Industrial de la Universidad de Cartagena titulado “Caracterización de las cadenas hortofrutícolas en el departamento de Bolívar mediante un modelo de simulación de redes”, el cual se ha generalizado para su aplicación en cualquier tipo de cadena productiva, en colaboración con la secretaría de agricultura, la gobernación de Bolívar y Amezco S.A. consultores.
Dentro de la gran variedad de herramientas que pueden ser utilizadas dentro de la planeación estr... more Dentro de la gran variedad de herramientas que pueden ser utilizadas dentro de la planeación estratégica, la planeación por escenarios se ha convertido hoy en día en una aproximación metodológica para predecir y/o construir un futuro. Mediante la identificación de tendencias claves, se podrá construir escenarios con el propósito de mejorar el proceso de toma de decisiones y reducir el riego en las organizaciones. Este artículo propone una revisión bibliográfica de autores prominentes e investigaciones científicas recientes sobre la planeación por escenarios, revisando las teorías que giran alrededor del término escenario y proveer al lector de información sobre las distintas metodologías existentes.
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