Using participatory research to engage all partners- communities, patients, clinicians and decision makers - in authentic partnerships throughout the research
The purpose of this study was to determine what issues teenagers want discussed or covered when t... more The purpose of this study was to determine what issues teenagers want discussed or covered when they visit primary care physicians and to assess to what extent such discussion takes place. A questionnaire was administered to 1,564 students aged between 13 and 18 years in six high schools. Mean participant age was 15.3 years; 801 were male and 763 were female. Questions were drawn from both physical and psychosocial aspects of teenage life. The teenagers answered as to whether they would like to discuss the suggested topics on visits to physicians, and whether in fact such a discussion had taken place. The three topics of most interest to teenagers were physical fitness, nutrition, and growth. Teenagers wanted to discuss these topics in over 80 percent of the visits, and they indicated that actual discussion took place in just under 50 percent of the visits. Discussion of sexually transmitted disease was desired by teenagers 70 percent of the time, with a discussion rate of only 18 percent; contraception at 66 percent with a physician discussion rate of only 22 percent. If physicians discuss exercise, nutrition, and growth with teenage patients, in over 80 percent of cases they will be providing the patient with valued information. This initial dialogue will establish a base of communication that may allow for the discussion of issues teenagers often find more difficult (such as contraception, sexually transmitted disease, depression, drugs, and drinking).
... Ahkwe shat'o ierahkwe When Everything was Natural Onkwehonwe means Real People i... more ... Ahkwe shat'o ierahkwe When Everything was Natural Onkwehonwe means Real People in the Kanienke'ha language. To be an Onkwehonwe is to be of indigenous descent. ... Ahkwe shat'o ierahkwe — When everything was natural. Lisa Peterson, Bear Clan Page 16. 102 ...
Recent events that include the deaths of research subjects and the falsification of data have dra... more Recent events that include the deaths of research subjects and the falsification of data have drawn greater scrutiny on assuring research data integrity and protecting participants. Several organizations have created guidelines to help guide researchers working in the area of clinical trials and ensure that their research is safe and valid. However, family medicine researchers often engage in research that differs from a typical clinical trial. Investigators working in the areas of educational research, community-based participatory research, and practice-based network research would benefit from similar recommendations to guide their own research. With funding from the US Office of Research Integrity and the Association of American Medical Colleges, we convened a panel to review issues of data integrity and participant protection in educational research, community-based participatory research, and research conducted by practice-based networks. The panel generated 11 recommendations for researchers working in these areas. Three key recommendations include the need for (1) all educational research to undergo review and approval by an institutional review board (IRB), (2) community-based participatory research to be approved not just by an IRB but also by appropriate community representatives, and (3) practice-based researchers to undertake only valid and meaningful studies that can be reviewed by a central IRB, rather than separate IRBs for each participating practice.
Journal of The American Dietetic Association, Sep 1, 2003
The diet of Mohawk children (grades 4 through 6) was assessed using 24-hour recalls after 4 years... more The diet of Mohawk children (grades 4 through 6) was assessed using 24-hour recalls after 4 years' participation in the Kahnawake Schools Diabetes Prevention Project. Analysis compared mean intakes of energy, fat, and sucrose, and proportions of children consuming each food. No significant difference was found in the mean intake of energy, fat, and sucrose. There was a significant decrease in the frequency of consumption of high-fat foods (P<.05) and fruits (P<.001), and a significant increase in the energy contribution of white sugar (P<.05). Results illustrate the complexity of food choices and suggest that specific nutrition education targets need to reflect newly available food-items.
Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) is a collaborative approach to research that gives ... more Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) is a collaborative approach to research that gives significant weight to the perspective and local knowledge of community members in defining study aims, identifying culturally-appropriate research methodology, and disseminating study findings. This presentation outlines ethical guidelines for conducting CBPR, as well as highlights relevant challenges encountered in the context of an ongoing CBPR initiative in the Miami neighborhood of Little Haiti, and describes the solutions used to address them.
The purpose of this study was to determine what issues teenagers want discussed or covered when t... more The purpose of this study was to determine what issues teenagers want discussed or covered when they visit primary care physicians and to assess to what extent such discussion takes place. A questionnaire was administered to 1,564 students aged between 13 and 18 years in six high schools. Mean participant age was 15.3 years; 801 were male and 763 were female. Questions were drawn from both physical and psychosocial aspects of teenage life. The teenagers answered as to whether they would like to discuss the suggested topics on visits to physicians, and whether in fact such a discussion had taken place. The three topics of most interest to teenagers were physical fitness, nutrition, and growth. Teenagers wanted to discuss these topics in over 80 percent of the visits, and they indicated that actual discussion took place in just under 50 percent of the visits. Discussion of sexually transmitted disease was desired by teenagers 70 percent of the time, with a discussion rate of only 18 percent; contraception at 66 percent with a physician discussion rate of only 22 percent. If physicians discuss exercise, nutrition, and growth with teenage patients, in over 80 percent of cases they will be providing the patient with valued information. This initial dialogue will establish a base of communication that may allow for the discussion of issues teenagers often find more difficult (such as contraception, sexually transmitted disease, depression, drugs, and drinking).
... Ahkwe shat'o ierahkwe When Everything was Natural Onkwehonwe means Real People i... more ... Ahkwe shat'o ierahkwe When Everything was Natural Onkwehonwe means Real People in the Kanienke'ha language. To be an Onkwehonwe is to be of indigenous descent. ... Ahkwe shat'o ierahkwe — When everything was natural. Lisa Peterson, Bear Clan Page 16. 102 ...
Recent events that include the deaths of research subjects and the falsification of data have dra... more Recent events that include the deaths of research subjects and the falsification of data have drawn greater scrutiny on assuring research data integrity and protecting participants. Several organizations have created guidelines to help guide researchers working in the area of clinical trials and ensure that their research is safe and valid. However, family medicine researchers often engage in research that differs from a typical clinical trial. Investigators working in the areas of educational research, community-based participatory research, and practice-based network research would benefit from similar recommendations to guide their own research. With funding from the US Office of Research Integrity and the Association of American Medical Colleges, we convened a panel to review issues of data integrity and participant protection in educational research, community-based participatory research, and research conducted by practice-based networks. The panel generated 11 recommendations for researchers working in these areas. Three key recommendations include the need for (1) all educational research to undergo review and approval by an institutional review board (IRB), (2) community-based participatory research to be approved not just by an IRB but also by appropriate community representatives, and (3) practice-based researchers to undertake only valid and meaningful studies that can be reviewed by a central IRB, rather than separate IRBs for each participating practice.
Journal of The American Dietetic Association, Sep 1, 2003
The diet of Mohawk children (grades 4 through 6) was assessed using 24-hour recalls after 4 years... more The diet of Mohawk children (grades 4 through 6) was assessed using 24-hour recalls after 4 years' participation in the Kahnawake Schools Diabetes Prevention Project. Analysis compared mean intakes of energy, fat, and sucrose, and proportions of children consuming each food. No significant difference was found in the mean intake of energy, fat, and sucrose. There was a significant decrease in the frequency of consumption of high-fat foods (P<.05) and fruits (P<.001), and a significant increase in the energy contribution of white sugar (P<.05). Results illustrate the complexity of food choices and suggest that specific nutrition education targets need to reflect newly available food-items.
Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) is a collaborative approach to research that gives ... more Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) is a collaborative approach to research that gives significant weight to the perspective and local knowledge of community members in defining study aims, identifying culturally-appropriate research methodology, and disseminating study findings. This presentation outlines ethical guidelines for conducting CBPR, as well as highlights relevant challenges encountered in the context of an ongoing CBPR initiative in the Miami neighborhood of Little Haiti, and describes the solutions used to address them.
Uploads
Papers by Ann Macaulay