Fanovana Tantaran' ny kristianisma (fizarana)

== Hatramin' ny fiandohana ka hatramin' ny taona 312 ==
Tsy dia fantatra loatra ny momba ny [[kristianisma voalohany]]. Ny loharanom-pahalalana tao anatin' ny 150 taona voalohany nisiany dia zara raha misy. Izany, miaraka amin’ ny olana isan-karazany, dia mametra ny fahafahan' ny manam-pahaizana hamantatra izay mety ho marina, izay mifototra indrindra amin' ny bokin' ny [[Asan' ny Apôstôly]], izay iadian-kevitra maha ara-tantara<ref><small>Hengel, Martin (2003). ''Acts and the History of Earliest Christianity''. Wipf and Stock. <nowiki>ISBN 978-1-59244-190-7</nowiki>., pp. 5, 10–12.</small></ref>.

=== Fiaviana jodeô-helenista ===
[[Sary:Province de Judée 1er siècle.gif|vignette|[[Jodea (faritany rômana)|Faritany rômanan' i Jodea]] tamin' ny taonjato voalohany]]
Ny zava-nisy ara-pivavahana sy ara-tsôsialy ary ara-pôlitika tany [[Jodea]] (na Jodia) nofehezin' ny [[Empira Rômana|Rômana]] tamin' ny taonjato voalohany sy tany amin' ny faritany mifanolo-bodirindrina aminy dia tena samy hafa ary tsy mitsaha-mitombo ny korontana ara-tsôsialy sy ara-pôlitika <ref name=":0"><small>Wilken, Robert Louis (2013). ''The First Thousand Years: A Global History of Christianity''. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. <nowiki>ISBN 978-0-300-11884-1</nowiki>. JSTOR j.ctt32bd7m.5. LCCN 2012021755. S2CID 160590164. (pp. 6-16)</small></ref><ref><small>Davies, W. D.; Horbury, William; Sturdy, John, eds. (2001) [1999]. "The social, economic, and political history of Palestine 63 BCE–70 CE". ''The Cambridge History of Judaism, Volume 3: The Early Roman Period''. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 94–167. <nowiki>ISBN 978-0-521-24377-3</nowiki>.</small></ref><ref> <small>Schwartz, Seth (9 February 2009). ''Imperialism and Jewish Society: 200 B.C.E. to 640 C.E''. Princeton University Press. <nowiki>ISBN 978-1-4008-2485-4</nowiki>. "Though we know of more radical Jewish organizations in the first century—the Christians are the best-known example—the three main sects are evidence not simply of Judaism's diversity but also of the power of its ideological mainstream". (p. 49)</small></ref>, miaraka amin' ny hetsika jodaika maro izay samy mahakasika ny fivavahana sy ny pôlitika<ref><small>Schwartz, Seth (9 February 2009). Imperialism and Jewish Society: 200 B.C.E. to 640 C.E. Princeton University Press. <nowiki>ISBN 978-1-4008-2485-4</nowiki>. "Though Josephus speaks of three (and in one polemical passage of four) sects, it seems certain that there were many more sectarian groups in first-century Palestine". (p. 91)</small></ref>. I [[Flavio Jôsefa]] mpahay tantara rômana sy jiosy fahiny, dia nanoritsoritra ny amin' ny sekta efatra nisongadina indrindra tao anatin’ ny [[jodaisma]] nandritra ny [[vanimpotoan' ny Tempoly Faharoa]]: ny [[Fariseo]] (na Fariziina), ny [[Sadoseo]] (na Sadoseana) ny [[Eseniana]], ary ny “[[Filôzôfia Fahefatra (jodaisma)|Filôzôfia Fahefatra]]” tsy fantatra anarana<ref><small>Schwartz, Seth (9 February 2009). ''Imperialism and Jewish Society: 200 B.C.E. to 640 C.E''. Princeton University Press. <nowiki>ISBN 978-1-4008-2485-4</nowiki>, pp. 91-2</small></ref>, izay eken' ny mpahay tantara môderna ho tsy iza fa ny [[Zelôta]] sy ny [[Sikary]]<ref><small>Rappaport, Uriel (2011). "Who Were the Sicarii?". In Popović, Mladen (ed.). ''The Jewish Revolt Against Rome: Interdisciplinary Perspectives''. Supplements to the Journal for the Study of Judaism. Vol. 154. Leiden and Boston: Brill Publishers. pp. 323–342. doi:10.1163/9789004216693_013. <nowiki>ISBN 978-90-04-21669-3</nowiki>. ISSN 1384-2161. LCCN 2011035131. S2CID 191907812.</small></ref>. Tamin' ny taonjato voalohany tal. J.K. sy tamin' ny taonjato voalohany taor. J.K. dia nanana mpitondra fivavahana karismatika maro nandray anjara tamin' izay ho lasa ''[[mishnah|mishna]]''n' ny [[jodaisma rabinika]], anisan' izany ny olon-kendry jiosy Yohanan ben Zakkai sy Hanina ben Dosa. Ny [[mesianisma]] jiosy, sy ny foto-kevitra momba ny [[Mesia araka ny jodaisma|Mesia jiosy]], dia avy amin' ny [[literatiora apôkaliptika]] novokarina teo anelanelan' ny taonjato faha-2 tal. J.K. sy tamin' ny taonjato voalohany tal. J.K.<ref><small>Davies, W. D.; Finkelstein, Louis, eds. (2003) [1989]. "The Matrix of Apocalyptic". ''The Cambridge History of Judaism, Volume 2: The Hellenistic Age''. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 524–533. <nowiki>ISBN 978-0-521-21929-7</nowiki>. OCLC 872998103.</small></ref>, mampanantena mpitarika "voahosotra" ho avy ([[mesia]] na mpanjaka) avy amin' i [[Davida (mpanjaka)|Davida]] mba hanangana ny [[Fanjakan' Andriamanitra|Fanjakan’ Andriamanitra]] [[israelita]], ho solon’ ny mpitondra hafa firenena tamin’ izany fotoana izany<ref name=":0" />.

=== Asa fanompoan' i Jesoa ===
Ny kistianisma dia nanomboka tamin' ny fitoriana sy fampianarana nitety tanàna nataon' i [[Jesoa]] (na [[Jesoa|Jesosy]]) avy any [[Nazareta]], tovolahy jiosy iray [[Fitiavam-bavaka|tia vavaka]]<ref name=":5"><small>Young, Francis M. (2006). "Prelude: Jesus Christ, foundation of Christianity". In Mitchell, M.; Young, F. (eds.). ''The Cambridge History of Christianity''. Vol. 1. Cambridge University Press. pp. 1–34. doi:10.1017/CHOL9780521812399.002. <nowiki>ISBN 978-1-139-05483-6</nowiki>., p. 1.</small></ref>. Ny loharanom-baovao lehibe indrindra momba ny fiainan' i [[Jesoa]] sy ny fampianarany dia ny [[Filazantsara]] (na Evanjely) kanônika efatra, ary amin' ny ampahany kely dia ny [[Asan' ny Apôstôly]] sy ny [[Epistilin' i Paoly|epistilin’ i Paoly]]. Araka ny voalazan’ ny Filazantsara dia [[Zanak' Andriamanitra]] i Jesoa izay [[Fanomboana an' i Jesoa|nohomboana tamin' ny hazo fijaliana]] manodidina ny taona 30–33 taor. J.K. tany [[Jerosalema]]<ref name=":0" />. Nino ny mpanara-dia azy fa [[Fitsanganan' i Jesoa ho velona|natsangana tamin’ ny maty]] izy ary nasandratr’ Andriamanitra, nitory ny [[Fanjakan' Andriamanitra]] ho avy<ref name=":0" />. Nilaza i Frances M. Young, teôlôjiana sady mpitondra fivavahana, fa izany no "ivon' ny kristianisma"<ref name=":5" />.