Status of this Memo A Model for Content Internetworking (CDI) This memo provides information for ... more Status of this Memo A Model for Content Internetworking (CDI) This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Copyright Notice Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2003). All Rights Reserved. Content (distribution) internetworking (CDI) is the technology for interconnecting content networks, sometimes previously called "content peering " or "CDN peering". A common vocabulary helps the process of discussing such interconnection and interoperation. This document introduces content networks and content internetworking, and defines elements for such a common vocabulary.
We define and examine the shutdown problem for blockchain systems: how to gracefully end the syst... more We define and examine the shutdown problem for blockchain systems: how to gracefully end the system's operation at the end of its useful life. A particular focus is those blockchain systems that hold archival data of long-lived interest. We outline what it means to achieve a successful shutdown, and compare those criteria to likely end-of-life conditions in a generic blockchain system. We conclude that the decentralized nature of blockchain systems makes shutdown difficult, particularly if the system uses an unstable consensus like the Nakamoto consensus of Bitcoin. Accordingly, we recommend against using blockchain with unstable consensus for any data whose value is likely to persist beyond the life of the blockchain system. For any such systems that are already in operation, we recommend considering a hard fork to implement stable consensus. Such consideration needs to happen well in advance of the system's end of life.
In describing content internetworking as a technology targeted for use in production networks, it... more In describing content internetworking as a technology targeted for use in production networks, it is useful to provide examples of the sequence of events that may occur when two content networks decide to interconnect. The scenarios presented here seek to provide some concrete examples of what content internetworking is, and also to provide a basis for evaluating content internetworking proposals.
This document describes a new programming language called Theta. Theta is a sequential, strongly-... more This document describes a new programming language called Theta. Theta is a sequential, strongly-typed, object-oriented language. It provides separate mechanisms for type hierarchy, inheritance, and parametric polymorphism. It also provides separate mechanisms for specifications, which define the interfaces of new abstractions, and code that implements the new abstractions, and it allows multiple implementations of types and routines. It has a module mechanism that encapsulates the details of type and routine implementations, while allowing related implementations to share implementation-specific information. Theta is largely derived from CLU, but has also been influenced by Trellis/Owl, Modula-3, C++, and Emerald. This research was supported in part by the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the Department of Defense, monitored by the Office of Naval Research under contract N00014-91-J-4136 and in part by the National Science Foundation under Grant CCR-8822158. The authors also wish to thank all the members of the Programming Methodology Group at MIT for their help and suggestions; there were many group meetings that helped us refine the Theta design.
Status of this Memo Content Internetworking (CDI) Scenarios This memo provides information for th... more Status of this Memo Content Internetworking (CDI) Scenarios This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Copyright Notice Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2003). All Rights Reserved. In describing content internetworking as a technology targeted for use in production networks, it is useful to provide examples of the sequence of events that may occur when two content networks decide to interconnect. The scenarios presented here seek to provide some concrete examples of what content internetworking is, and also to
Status of this Memo A Model for Content Internetworking (CDI) This memo provides information for ... more Status of this Memo A Model for Content Internetworking (CDI) This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Copyright Notice Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2003). All Rights Reserved. Content (distribution) internetworking (CDI) is the technology for interconnecting content networks, sometimes previously called "content peering " or "CDN peering". A common vocabulary helps the process of discussing such interconnection and interoperation. This document introduces content networks and content internetworking, and defines elements for such a common vocabulary.
We define and examine the shutdown problem for blockchain systems: how to gracefully end the syst... more We define and examine the shutdown problem for blockchain systems: how to gracefully end the system's operation at the end of its useful life. A particular focus is those blockchain systems that hold archival data of long-lived interest. We outline what it means to achieve a successful shutdown, and compare those criteria to likely end-of-life conditions in a generic blockchain system. We conclude that the decentralized nature of blockchain systems makes shutdown difficult, particularly if the system uses an unstable consensus like the Nakamoto consensus of Bitcoin. Accordingly, we recommend against using blockchain with unstable consensus for any data whose value is likely to persist beyond the life of the blockchain system. For any such systems that are already in operation, we recommend considering a hard fork to implement stable consensus. Such consideration needs to happen well in advance of the system's end of life.
In describing content internetworking as a technology targeted for use in production networks, it... more In describing content internetworking as a technology targeted for use in production networks, it is useful to provide examples of the sequence of events that may occur when two content networks decide to interconnect. The scenarios presented here seek to provide some concrete examples of what content internetworking is, and also to provide a basis for evaluating content internetworking proposals.
This document describes a new programming language called Theta. Theta is a sequential, strongly-... more This document describes a new programming language called Theta. Theta is a sequential, strongly-typed, object-oriented language. It provides separate mechanisms for type hierarchy, inheritance, and parametric polymorphism. It also provides separate mechanisms for specifications, which define the interfaces of new abstractions, and code that implements the new abstractions, and it allows multiple implementations of types and routines. It has a module mechanism that encapsulates the details of type and routine implementations, while allowing related implementations to share implementation-specific information. Theta is largely derived from CLU, but has also been influenced by Trellis/Owl, Modula-3, C++, and Emerald. This research was supported in part by the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the Department of Defense, monitored by the Office of Naval Research under contract N00014-91-J-4136 and in part by the National Science Foundation under Grant CCR-8822158. The authors also wish to thank all the members of the Programming Methodology Group at MIT for their help and suggestions; there were many group meetings that helped us refine the Theta design.
Status of this Memo Content Internetworking (CDI) Scenarios This memo provides information for th... more Status of this Memo Content Internetworking (CDI) Scenarios This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Copyright Notice Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2003). All Rights Reserved. In describing content internetworking as a technology targeted for use in production networks, it is useful to provide examples of the sequence of events that may occur when two content networks decide to interconnect. The scenarios presented here seek to provide some concrete examples of what content internetworking is, and also to
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