Gereja Scientology

Gereja Scientology
Church of Scientology (en)
	Bangunan Scientology di Los Angeles, California
Kerangka
Jenis/bentuk sah	Pertubuhan bukan untung
Tapak web	www.scientology.org;
Sejarah
Dibentuk	Disember 1953
Pengasas	L. Ron Hubbard
Pengurusan
Pengerusi	David Miscavige
Pengerusi Pusat Teknologi Agama	David Miscavige
Subsidiari	Bridge Publications, Citizens Commission on Human Rights
Lokasi
Ibu pejabat	Gold Base
Lokasi	Amerika Syarikat ; Riverside County, California;
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Gereja Scientology ialah kumpulan entiti korporat yang saling berhubung^[1] dan organisasi lain yang dikhaskan untuk amalan, pentadbiran dan penyebaran Scientology, pergerakan keagamaan baru. Pergerakan itu menjadi subjek dari beberapa kontroversi, dan gereja telah digambarkan oleh pertanyaan kerajaan, badan-badan parlimen antarabangsa, tetuan undang-undang, dan banyak penghakiman mahkamah unggul sebagai kedua-dua kultus dan perusahaan komersial manipulatif. Di sesetengah negara, ia telah mencapai pengiktirafan undang - undang sebagai agama.^[2]

Church of Scientology International (CSI) secara rasmi ialah organisasi induk Gereja Scientology, dan bertanggungjawab untuk membimbing gereja Scientology tempatan.^[3]^[4] Ibu pejabat antarabangsanya terletak di Pangkalan Emas, di kawasan yang tidak diperbadankan di Riverside County, California. Lokasi di Gilman Hot Springs adalah harta peribadi dan tidak dapat diakses oleh orang ramai. ^[5] Scientology Missions International berada di bawah CSI dan mengawasi misi Scientology, yang merupakan organisasi Scientology tempatan yang lebih kecil daripada gereja-gereja.^[6]^[7] Gereja Teknologi Spiritual (CST) ialah organisasi yang memiliki semua hak cipta harta pusaka L. Ron Hubbard.^[1]

Semua organisasi pengurusan Scientology dikendalikan secara eksklusif oleh ahli-ahli Laut Org, yang merupakan organisasi separa tentera tidak sah untuk "elit, teras yang paling berdedikasi ahli sains".^[1]^[6] David Miscavige adalah pegawai SeaOrg peringkat tertinggi, memegang pangkat kapten.

Jerman mengelaskan Scientology sebagai "mazhab anti-perlembagaan".^[8] Di Perancis, ia telah dikelaskan sebagai kultus berbahaya oleh beberapa laporan parlimen.^[9]^[10]

Rujukan

^ ^a ^b ^c Urban, Hugh B. (2015). New Age, Neopagan, and New Religious Movements: Alternative Spirituality in Contemporary America. Univ of California Press. m/s. 144. ISBN 978-0520281172.
^ Weird, Sure. A Cult, No. Washington Post By Mark Oppenheimer, August 5, 2007
^ Melton, J. Gordon (Sep 2000). The Church of Scientology. Studies in Contemporary Religions, 1. Signature Books in cooperation with CESNUR. Since 1981, all of the churches and organizations of the church have been brought together under the Church of Scientology International. The first Scientology church was incorporated in December 1953 in Camden, New Jersey by science fiction writer L. Ron Hubbard.
^ Atack, Jon (1990). A Piece of Blue Sky. New York, NY: Carol Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-8184-0499-3.
^ Janet Reitman Inside Scientology: The Story of America's Most Secretive Religion, p. 318, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2011 ISBN 0547549237, 9780547549231
^ ^a ^b Davis, Derek; Hankins, Barry (2003). New Religious Movements and Religious Liberty in America. Baylor University Press. m/s. 48–49. ISBN 0918954924.
^ Flinn, Frank K. (2003). "Scientology". Encyclopedia of Community: From the Village to the Virtual World. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. m/s. 1209–11.
^ "Hubbard's Church 'Unconstitutional': Germany Prepares to Ban Scientology - SPIEGEL ONLINE". Spiegel Online. spiegel.de. 2007-12-07. Dicapai pada March 13, 2017.
^ A 1995 parliamentary report lists Scientology groups as cults, and in its 2006 report MIVILUDES similarly classified Scientology organizations as a dangerous cult
^ Le point sur l'Eglise de Scientologie, Le Nouvel Observateur

Pautan luar

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Gereja Scientology

"Welcome to Scientology". Church of Scientology official home page. Church of Scientology.
"What is Scientology ?". Common questions answered about Scientology and its activities. Church of Scientology.

Tapak utama

Irving Hexham. "The religious status of Scientology". Is Scientology a religion?. University of Calgary.

Tapak kritis

Operation Clambake, an archive of critical articles on Hubbard and Scientology
Church of Scientology Corporations Research Index di Wayback Machine (diarkibkan Februari 11, 2015)
Cult Education Institute di Wayback Machine (diarkibkan Mac 31, 2016)

Lain-lain

Satellite Image of the Gold Base

[urban2015-1] Urban, Hugh B. (2015). New Age, Neopagan, and New Religious Movements: Alternative Spirituality in Contemporary America. Univ of California Press. m/s. 144. ISBN 978-0520281172.

[postweird-2] Weird, Sure. A Cult, No. Washington Post By Mark Oppenheimer, August 5, 2007

[3] Melton, J. Gordon (Sep 2000). The Church of Scientology. Studies in Contemporary Religions, 1. Signature Books in cooperation with CESNUR. Since 1981, all of the churches and organizations of the church have been brought together under the Church of Scientology International. The first Scientology church was incorporated in December 1953 in Camden, New Jersey by science fiction writer L. Ron Hubbard.

[Blue_Sky-4] Atack, Jon (1990). A Piece of Blue Sky. New York, NY: Carol Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-8184-0499-3.

[Janet_Reitman_p._318-5] Janet Reitman Inside Scientology: The Story of America's Most Secretive Religion, p. 318, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2011 ISBN 0547549237, 9780547549231

[nrmarlia2003-6] Davis, Derek; Hankins, Barry (2003). New Religious Movements and Religious Liberty in America. Baylor University Press. m/s. 48–49. ISBN 0918954924.

[7] Flinn, Frank K. (2003). "Scientology". Encyclopedia of Community: From the Village to the Virtual World. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. m/s. 1209–11.

[spiegel.de-8] "Hubbard's Church 'Unconstitutional': Germany Prepares to Ban Scientology - SPIEGEL ONLINE". Spiegel Online. spiegel.de. 2007-12-07. Dicapai pada March 13, 2017.

[9] A 1995 parliamentary report lists Scientology groups as cults, and in its 2006 report MIVILUDES similarly classified Scientology organizations as a dangerous cult

[NouvelObs-10] Le point sur l'Eglise de Scientologie, Le Nouvel Observateur

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Kawalan kewibawaan
Umum	ISNI 1 VIAF 1 WorldCat (melalui VIAF)
Perpustakaan negara	Norway Jerman Israel Amerika Syarikat Latvia Jepun Republik Czech Croatia Poland
Pangkalan data saintifik	CiNii (Jepun)
Lain-lain	Trove (Australia) 1