The study of vegetable oil used as fuel in conventional engines leads to problems like the low vo... more The study of vegetable oil used as fuel in conventional engines leads to problems like the low volatility and high viscosity. This research aims to evaluate the droplet combustion characteristics that correlated with the density, viscosity, and the flash point of the biofuel from mixed vegetable oil with clove oil. Biofuels used in research are Jatropha Oil (CJO), Kapok Oil (KSO), Coconut oil (CCO), and all biofuel mixed with clove oil in 5% basis volume. Fuel properties that tested both biofuel and fuel mixture using the ASTM method are density (ASTM D1298), viscosity (ASTM D445), The flash point (ASTM D93). The droplet combustion experiment used suspended droplets placed in the junction of the K-type thermocouple and the Ni-Cr wire (as the coil heater) to heat the droplet until the combustion occurred. The result indicates that adding 5% clove oil in biofuel creates higher density, the viscosity decreases until 10%, and the flash point decrease to 30%. Droplet combustion results t...
Conference Proceedings 2nd Asia Pacific Pharmacy Education (PharmED) Workshop ISSN 2045-080X Vol.... more Conference Proceedings 2nd Asia Pacific Pharmacy Education (PharmED) Workshop ISSN 2045-080X Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2012 DEVELOPMENT OF OIL-IN-WATER TURTLE OIL NANOEMULSION LOADED IN HYDROGELS FORMULATION FOR COSMETIC APPLICATION Mohd Nizam Abd Ghani1, Eddy Yusuf1, Tommy Julianto2 and Mohd Fadli Mohd Asmani1 1School of Pharmacy, Management & Science University, Shah Alam, Malaysia 2Nanopharmacy Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia
The demand for halal cosmetic products among the 2.4 billion Muslim consumers worldwide is increa... more The demand for halal cosmetic products among the 2.4 billion Muslim consumers worldwide is increasing. However, the demand for halal cosmetics remains unmet because cosmetics production is dominated by non-halal cosmetic manufacturers, whose production methods may not conform with the requirements of halal science. The development of halal cosmetics and the assessment of their product performance is still in its infancy. The integration of halal science in the manufacture of most cosmetic products remains inadequate. Moreover, there is a global dearth of guiding documents on the development and assessment techniques in the production of comprehensively halal cosmetics. This paper aims to abridge existing literature and knowledge of halal and cosmetic science in order to provide essential technical guidance in the manufacture of halal cosmetics. In addition, the adoption of these methods addresses the unique ethical issues associated with conformance of cosmetics’ product performance...
Earnings management is an alternative action to achieve their goals, although this action will pr... more Earnings management is an alternative action to achieve their goals, although this action will produce financial reports that can mislead the reader, in fact, many banks in Indonesia do this practice. This study attempts to examine the effect of factors that influence earnings management in conventional Indonesian banks. The variables in this study are credit risk, capital adequacy ratio (CAR), size, managerial ownership and institutional ownership as independent variables and earnings management variables as dependent variables. The population in this study is a conventional private bank in Indonesia. This study uses a purposive sampling technique. The criteria for objects that can be used as samples in this study were obtained by 55 private banks with the period under study from 2015 - 2017. The number of units of analysis of this study was 141 units. The analysis technique used in this study is multiple regression analysis to find the effect of managerial ownership, institutional...
Shariah-Compliant Hotel (SCH) is a new innovative concept in the field of the hotel which is grow... more Shariah-Compliant Hotel (SCH) is a new innovative concept in the field of the hotel which is growing rapidly in this upscale business. The purpose of this study is to measure the service Quality of Shariah-Compliant Hotel (SCH) on Muslim Customer in Shah Alam to achieve the objective, the journal uses the observation method which is to spread the questionnaire. The population is all guest that have stayed at Islamic hotel in Shah Alam with a total sample of 120 guests. This study using the convenient sampling method. This finding is helpful to find out the important points in the Shariah-Compliant Hotel to serve as a benchmark that the variables used in this journal. Through this data, businesses can see what guest ‘need and want’ in the SCH concept. This research will emphasize the variable supporting factors of customer satisfaction such as facilities, restaurants, grooming staff, and building design. Overall, all variables, get good responses from respondents, which is more than ...
There is new general health emergencies compromising the world with the rise and outbreak of 2019... more There is new general health emergencies compromising the world with the rise and outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) or the serious intense respiratory condition coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) It has diffused to the world and infected individuals with Covid-19 sickness Other than the absence of explicit treatment and immunization, covid19 are currently known to reveal a huge ecological resistance The transmission of the infection was seen as spread through human-to-human that make it handily outbreak The virus spreading originates from the infectee droplets during coughing or sneezing These droplets can still live on inanimate surface even in air and transmitted the infection to human Confronting the need a particular antiviral treatment, it is important to establish new techniques for avoidance and to guarantee that the current ones are effective as indicated by the field circumstance The point of this research is to design and develop of spray disinfection system to combat ...
According to Malaysia, halal can be defined as permissible or lawful. There are challenges facing... more According to Malaysia, halal can be defined as permissible or lawful. There are challenges facing by Muslim communities to determine whether the food or water that they consumed is following the concepts of halal. There are many factors that influence the customer’s intentions towards purchase, where in this study some variables have been determined to evaluate the impact and influences. While collecting variables, perceived behavior control, trust and knowledge are the elected variables that influence the intentions to purchase. To interpret the findings of such variables, different methodologies have been adopted, where regression and correlation are the major method via which relationship and effects are to be analyzed. This study enumerated some significance towards influence and relationship, where to some extent these variables do influence the purchasing intentions while they are interrelated with each other.
2020 16th IEEE International Colloquium on Signal Processing & Its Applications (CSPA), 2020
The conventional optical microscope has been the primary tool in assisting pathological examinati... more The conventional optical microscope has been the primary tool in assisting pathological examinations. Digital image analysis is certainly the universal way in the medical field to analyze the microbial structures. Additionally, the image processing and analyzing method can help to overcome the limitation of inaccuracy of measurement. This study aims to design an integrated system for a high-resolution digital microscope that capture and transfer the microbial structure in a petri dish using a camera directly to the computer via Wi-Fi. Furthermore, the system has the ability to record and display the view including the image processing utility, which allows the digital microscope users to capture, store and process the digital images of the object being observed. This project proposed a portable digital microscope of digital image analysis for micro-scale structures that will be captured on a petri dish using an adjustable camera rather than using a mobile phone as a medium to capture the structure or organism that will be transferred to the computer for the analyzing purpose. With this system, users will no longer need to transfer the picture manually to do the analysis using an open source software. This prototype is expected to provide a lot of benefits to people especially in making a quicker analysis and precise results of microbial research.
International Journal of Medical Toxicology & Legal Medicine, 2019
Skin whitening body lotions are the cosmetics products which work on human skin by reducing a pig... more Skin whitening body lotions are the cosmetics products which work on human skin by reducing a pigment called melanin in the skin. It also lightens naturally dark skin and dark spots. It is giving a moisturizing effect to the skin as a natural cosmetics body lotion. This study was aimed on a reduction of skin melanin by tyrosine inhibitory with plant extracts by formulating a stable whitening body lotion containing the plant extracts of Psidium guajava L. leaves and also the extract of Crocus sativus (Saffron). Two plants were extracted in a different way; the method of extraction for Crocus sativus was reflux method and for Psidium guajava leaves was maceration method. The phytochemical screening and tyrosinase inhibition activity of extracts were evaluated. The various types of lotion namely F1 to F5 were formulated by incorporating different concentrations of extracts and evaluated for different parameters. The findings of tyrosinase inhibitory study exhibited that the IC50 value of tyrosine inhibitory of combined extract of Psidium guajava and Crocus sativus was lower compared to Crocus sativus extract. The formulation F3 with the mixture 0.5 g of Crocus sativus and 0.5 g of Psidium guajava leaves showed the best results among several formulations. The result which obtained from formulation F3 was compatible to pass all the evaluation tests. As a conclusion, the mixture of Psidium guajava and Crocus sativus extract possesses a strong tyrosine inhibition activity, and it was formulated as a stable whitening natural body lotion, and it can be safely used on the skin.
Morinda citrifolia Linn. belongs to family of Rubiaceae. Characteristically, the plant is ascriba... more Morinda citrifolia Linn. belongs to family of Rubiaceae. Characteristically, the plant is ascribable by its elongated trunk with 8-10 inches long bright green leaves. The leaves are opposite, pinnately veined and glossy. Initially, the subject plant specimen was further authenticated and identified taxonomically by Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) and have been granted with the specimen number of PID140314-10 for future research. The dried leaves were then extracted with methanol by maceration-ultrasonication extraction method. Methanolic crude extracts were fractionated on open column chromatography with ethyl acetate-hexane (50:50) as eluate. Ten fractions were collected and analyzed for antioxidative activity assay using in-vitro model of 1, 1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. The results showed that fraction number three exhibited considerably high antioxidative activity comparing with the standard dose of marketed tocopherol. The IC30value of fraction three was...
The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo behavior of matrix tablets formulated with keto... more The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo behavior of matrix tablets formulated with ketoprofen as a model drug after oral administrations in healthy Malaysian male volunteers and to compare its rate and extent of absorption with the commercially available tablet ...
The study of vegetable oil used as fuel in conventional engines leads to problems like the low vo... more The study of vegetable oil used as fuel in conventional engines leads to problems like the low volatility and high viscosity. This research aims to evaluate the droplet combustion characteristics that correlated with the density, viscosity, and the flash point of the biofuel from mixed vegetable oil with clove oil. Biofuels used in research are Jatropha Oil (CJO), Kapok Oil (KSO), Coconut oil (CCO), and all biofuel mixed with clove oil in 5% basis volume. Fuel properties that tested both biofuel and fuel mixture using the ASTM method are density (ASTM D1298), viscosity (ASTM D445), The flash point (ASTM D93). The droplet combustion experiment used suspended droplets placed in the junction of the K-type thermocouple and the Ni-Cr wire (as the coil heater) to heat the droplet until the combustion occurred. The result indicates that adding 5% clove oil in biofuel creates higher density, the viscosity decreases until 10%, and the flash point decrease to 30%. Droplet combustion results t...
Conference Proceedings 2nd Asia Pacific Pharmacy Education (PharmED) Workshop ISSN 2045-080X Vol.... more Conference Proceedings 2nd Asia Pacific Pharmacy Education (PharmED) Workshop ISSN 2045-080X Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2012 DEVELOPMENT OF OIL-IN-WATER TURTLE OIL NANOEMULSION LOADED IN HYDROGELS FORMULATION FOR COSMETIC APPLICATION Mohd Nizam Abd Ghani1, Eddy Yusuf1, Tommy Julianto2 and Mohd Fadli Mohd Asmani1 1School of Pharmacy, Management & Science University, Shah Alam, Malaysia 2Nanopharmacy Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia
The demand for halal cosmetic products among the 2.4 billion Muslim consumers worldwide is increa... more The demand for halal cosmetic products among the 2.4 billion Muslim consumers worldwide is increasing. However, the demand for halal cosmetics remains unmet because cosmetics production is dominated by non-halal cosmetic manufacturers, whose production methods may not conform with the requirements of halal science. The development of halal cosmetics and the assessment of their product performance is still in its infancy. The integration of halal science in the manufacture of most cosmetic products remains inadequate. Moreover, there is a global dearth of guiding documents on the development and assessment techniques in the production of comprehensively halal cosmetics. This paper aims to abridge existing literature and knowledge of halal and cosmetic science in order to provide essential technical guidance in the manufacture of halal cosmetics. In addition, the adoption of these methods addresses the unique ethical issues associated with conformance of cosmetics’ product performance...
Earnings management is an alternative action to achieve their goals, although this action will pr... more Earnings management is an alternative action to achieve their goals, although this action will produce financial reports that can mislead the reader, in fact, many banks in Indonesia do this practice. This study attempts to examine the effect of factors that influence earnings management in conventional Indonesian banks. The variables in this study are credit risk, capital adequacy ratio (CAR), size, managerial ownership and institutional ownership as independent variables and earnings management variables as dependent variables. The population in this study is a conventional private bank in Indonesia. This study uses a purposive sampling technique. The criteria for objects that can be used as samples in this study were obtained by 55 private banks with the period under study from 2015 - 2017. The number of units of analysis of this study was 141 units. The analysis technique used in this study is multiple regression analysis to find the effect of managerial ownership, institutional...
Shariah-Compliant Hotel (SCH) is a new innovative concept in the field of the hotel which is grow... more Shariah-Compliant Hotel (SCH) is a new innovative concept in the field of the hotel which is growing rapidly in this upscale business. The purpose of this study is to measure the service Quality of Shariah-Compliant Hotel (SCH) on Muslim Customer in Shah Alam to achieve the objective, the journal uses the observation method which is to spread the questionnaire. The population is all guest that have stayed at Islamic hotel in Shah Alam with a total sample of 120 guests. This study using the convenient sampling method. This finding is helpful to find out the important points in the Shariah-Compliant Hotel to serve as a benchmark that the variables used in this journal. Through this data, businesses can see what guest ‘need and want’ in the SCH concept. This research will emphasize the variable supporting factors of customer satisfaction such as facilities, restaurants, grooming staff, and building design. Overall, all variables, get good responses from respondents, which is more than ...
There is new general health emergencies compromising the world with the rise and outbreak of 2019... more There is new general health emergencies compromising the world with the rise and outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) or the serious intense respiratory condition coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) It has diffused to the world and infected individuals with Covid-19 sickness Other than the absence of explicit treatment and immunization, covid19 are currently known to reveal a huge ecological resistance The transmission of the infection was seen as spread through human-to-human that make it handily outbreak The virus spreading originates from the infectee droplets during coughing or sneezing These droplets can still live on inanimate surface even in air and transmitted the infection to human Confronting the need a particular antiviral treatment, it is important to establish new techniques for avoidance and to guarantee that the current ones are effective as indicated by the field circumstance The point of this research is to design and develop of spray disinfection system to combat ...
According to Malaysia, halal can be defined as permissible or lawful. There are challenges facing... more According to Malaysia, halal can be defined as permissible or lawful. There are challenges facing by Muslim communities to determine whether the food or water that they consumed is following the concepts of halal. There are many factors that influence the customer’s intentions towards purchase, where in this study some variables have been determined to evaluate the impact and influences. While collecting variables, perceived behavior control, trust and knowledge are the elected variables that influence the intentions to purchase. To interpret the findings of such variables, different methodologies have been adopted, where regression and correlation are the major method via which relationship and effects are to be analyzed. This study enumerated some significance towards influence and relationship, where to some extent these variables do influence the purchasing intentions while they are interrelated with each other.
2020 16th IEEE International Colloquium on Signal Processing & Its Applications (CSPA), 2020
The conventional optical microscope has been the primary tool in assisting pathological examinati... more The conventional optical microscope has been the primary tool in assisting pathological examinations. Digital image analysis is certainly the universal way in the medical field to analyze the microbial structures. Additionally, the image processing and analyzing method can help to overcome the limitation of inaccuracy of measurement. This study aims to design an integrated system for a high-resolution digital microscope that capture and transfer the microbial structure in a petri dish using a camera directly to the computer via Wi-Fi. Furthermore, the system has the ability to record and display the view including the image processing utility, which allows the digital microscope users to capture, store and process the digital images of the object being observed. This project proposed a portable digital microscope of digital image analysis for micro-scale structures that will be captured on a petri dish using an adjustable camera rather than using a mobile phone as a medium to capture the structure or organism that will be transferred to the computer for the analyzing purpose. With this system, users will no longer need to transfer the picture manually to do the analysis using an open source software. This prototype is expected to provide a lot of benefits to people especially in making a quicker analysis and precise results of microbial research.
International Journal of Medical Toxicology & Legal Medicine, 2019
Skin whitening body lotions are the cosmetics products which work on human skin by reducing a pig... more Skin whitening body lotions are the cosmetics products which work on human skin by reducing a pigment called melanin in the skin. It also lightens naturally dark skin and dark spots. It is giving a moisturizing effect to the skin as a natural cosmetics body lotion. This study was aimed on a reduction of skin melanin by tyrosine inhibitory with plant extracts by formulating a stable whitening body lotion containing the plant extracts of Psidium guajava L. leaves and also the extract of Crocus sativus (Saffron). Two plants were extracted in a different way; the method of extraction for Crocus sativus was reflux method and for Psidium guajava leaves was maceration method. The phytochemical screening and tyrosinase inhibition activity of extracts were evaluated. The various types of lotion namely F1 to F5 were formulated by incorporating different concentrations of extracts and evaluated for different parameters. The findings of tyrosinase inhibitory study exhibited that the IC50 value of tyrosine inhibitory of combined extract of Psidium guajava and Crocus sativus was lower compared to Crocus sativus extract. The formulation F3 with the mixture 0.5 g of Crocus sativus and 0.5 g of Psidium guajava leaves showed the best results among several formulations. The result which obtained from formulation F3 was compatible to pass all the evaluation tests. As a conclusion, the mixture of Psidium guajava and Crocus sativus extract possesses a strong tyrosine inhibition activity, and it was formulated as a stable whitening natural body lotion, and it can be safely used on the skin.
Morinda citrifolia Linn. belongs to family of Rubiaceae. Characteristically, the plant is ascriba... more Morinda citrifolia Linn. belongs to family of Rubiaceae. Characteristically, the plant is ascribable by its elongated trunk with 8-10 inches long bright green leaves. The leaves are opposite, pinnately veined and glossy. Initially, the subject plant specimen was further authenticated and identified taxonomically by Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) and have been granted with the specimen number of PID140314-10 for future research. The dried leaves were then extracted with methanol by maceration-ultrasonication extraction method. Methanolic crude extracts were fractionated on open column chromatography with ethyl acetate-hexane (50:50) as eluate. Ten fractions were collected and analyzed for antioxidative activity assay using in-vitro model of 1, 1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. The results showed that fraction number three exhibited considerably high antioxidative activity comparing with the standard dose of marketed tocopherol. The IC30value of fraction three was...
The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo behavior of matrix tablets formulated with keto... more The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo behavior of matrix tablets formulated with ketoprofen as a model drug after oral administrations in healthy Malaysian male volunteers and to compare its rate and extent of absorption with the commercially available tablet ...
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