Vitamins are organic substances that the body need; it obtains and absorbs them from plants and a... more Vitamins are organic substances that the body need; it obtains and absorbs them from plants and animals. Cobalamin, another name for vitamin B12, is a substance that belongs to the cobalamin family. Deficiency of cobalamin affects the heart uses energy, causing arrhythmia and enlargement of the left ventricle, demyelination, causing neurological symptoms such as numbness, tingling, and difficulty walking Apathy, anorexia, irritability, growth retardation, and developmental regression. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in developed countries. It was determined that B12 is an essential micronutrient for a healthy brain in young people and the elderly. Various conditions are responsible for B12 deficiency. If there is a nutritional shortfall, prompt and appropriate supplementation is required. This supplementation can prevent the damage to nervous system. Deficiency may leads to cognitive decline and vascular risk factors in neuropsychiatric disorders, cardiovascular disease, and heart fail. Some cardiovascular or psychological disorders are related to anxiety, dementia and depression, heart attack which can be improved with B12 supplementation.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND MEDICAL RESEARCH, 2022
Rabbit faeces consist of numerous species of bacteria comprising both gram positive and gram nega... more Rabbit faeces consist of numerous species of bacteria comprising both gram positive and gram negative. These bacteria are actually present in the caecum microbiota that forms a complex ecosystem which plays an important role in maintaining the reliability of the rabbit’s digestive health. The present study was conducted to examine the occurrence of gram positive bacteria in rabbit faeces. From 35 isolates, 14 strains of gram positive bacteria were isolated on the basis of Gram Staining technique from the rabbit faeces and distinctly labeled from RFS-01 to RFS14. Afterwards these strains were identified as Staphylococcus aureus, Lactobacilli and Enterococcus spp. The percentages in incidence were 35.71% for both Staphylococcus aureus and Lactobacilli. While the Enterococcus sp. percentage in present study was 28.57. By applying biochemical test and after culturing bacteria on selective agar the bacteria species were identified. The Staphylococci species named were culture on Phenol Red Mannitol Salt Agar supplemented with 7.5% NaCl. Lactobacilli isolated on MRS and Pfizer Selective Enterococcus Agar was confirmed the presence of Enterococcus. The biochemical tests that were performed in present study were Catalase test, Oxidase test and the Coagulase test. The results may contribute to the study about the presence of gram positive bacteria in the faeces of herbivorous animals as well as evaluate the chances of microbial transmission from pet rabbits.
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a condition brought on by a virus (Nairovirus) that is ... more Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a condition brought on by a virus (Nairovirus) that is spread by ticks and is a member of the Bunyaviridae family and the genus Hayalomma. This virus could travel across the Hayaloma genus. This species maintains two host-life cycles, changing from a larva to a nymph on its first host, which can be a tiny animal like a bird, and then from adult stages to humans, which serve as the second host. Currently, 27 distinct Hyalomma species are recognized. Geographically, CCHFV is spread throughout Asia, the Middle East, Southern Europe, and Africa, all of which have large tick populations. This virus is capable of spreading both horizontally and vertically. Animals like sheep, goats, cattle, and hares may act as hosts or reservoirs for the virus. Humans can contract this virus by coming into touch with infected ticks or animal blood. Due to contact with bodily fluids or infectious blood, medical personnel are most vulnerable in endemic areas. This ...
International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology
Pheasants are most beautiful and colorful birds in the world. They refer to any member of the sub... more Pheasants are most beautiful and colorful birds in the world. They refer to any member of the subfamily phadianidae in the order Galliformes. Out of 50 species 5 are found in Pakistan i.e. Monal, (Lophoporus impejanus) koklass (Pucrasia macrolopha), Kalij (Lophura leucomelana) Cheer pheasant (Catreus wallichi) and Western Tragopan (Tragopan melanocephalus). Yellow pheasant and red pheasants are introduced in outer countries for the sake of money. One pair of red pheasant specie in (25,000) rupees They are found mainly in the KPK, extending eastwards into Kaghan and Azad Kashmir, few in Pallas Valley and Ayubia National Park, coniferous forests of Chitral, Dir, Swat, Hazara, Azad Kashmir and Gilgit, swat, Kohistan etc. Altitude range varies from species to species i.e. Monal (2000-2400m), Koklass (2200-2500m), Kalij (1200-1100 ft), and Western Tragopan (1750-3600 ft).The Western Tragopan is considered as the rarest of all living pheasants. Dhodial Pheasant in Pakistan’s Khyber Pakhtu...
Balangu (Lallemantia royleana) is a member of the Lamiaceae or Labiateae family. In Pakistan comm... more Balangu (Lallemantia royleana) is a member of the Lamiaceae or Labiateae family. In Pakistan commonly called Tukhmalanga. This valuable medicinal plant is indigenous to tropical Asia, including India, Afghanistan, and Pakistan. The chemical analysis of Lallemantia royleana seed showed that the seeds contained: protein 25.60%, fat 18.27%, fiber 1.29%, alkaloids, anthraquinones, flavonoids, glycosides, pholobtannin tannins, volatile oils, mixed fatty acids and terpenoids. It exerted many pharmacological effects included antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidepressant, anxiolytic, sedative, antiemetic, hypolipidemic, protective and many other pharmacological effects. The current review discussed the Lallemantia royleana as a beneficial medicinal plant. It can be a good remedy for skin disease. Further screening for phytochemicals should be carried out in search of novel therapeutic compounds.
Genetic hydrocephalus is a neurological condition in which the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flows wi... more Genetic hydrocephalus is a neurological condition in which the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flows with subsequent and it results in enlargement of the cerebral ventricular cavities. The common cause of the congenital hydrocephalus is the variation in the L1CAM gene, and there is the narrow passage between the third and fourth ventricles. It is suggesting that hydrocephalus is more complicated than the simple CSF , and are many factors which are associated with the genetics of hydrocephalus, the major two factors are the i) telomeres proximity ii) and the more content of Adenine and Thymine [A, T] in the human CH as compared to the other nervous disorders. It is also suggesting that genetics of hydrocephalus is a crucial birth defect, and its genetics is still not completely understood, so it is the most important clinical feature. There are about 43 mutant loci associated with the animals and human hydrocephalus. Among them 9 are associated with animal models and 1 with the human. The ...
Chromium is one of the most common elements in the earth’s crust and is used in more than 50 diff... more Chromium is one of the most common elements in the earth’s crust and is used in more than 50 different industries. There are three oxidation states in case of Chromium viz., Cr (II), Cr (III), Cr (VI). Among which Cr (II) is most unstable. Cr (III) and Cr (VI) are the stable oxidation state of Chromium in the environment. Being one of the commonly used metals Chromium and its particulates enter the aquatic medium through effluents discharged from different industries like textiles, tanneries, electroplating workshops, ore mining, dyeing, printing-photographic and medical industries. The discharge from these industries pollutes the waters and affects the biota. Chromium is known to cause various health effects. The health hazards associated with exposure to chromium are dependent on its oxidation state. The Hexavalent form is toxic than trivalent form. The hematological alterations produced on exposure to sub-lethal concentration (1/10th of LC50/96 hrs) of chromium were investigated ...
Lagenaria siceraria (Lauki) belong to the Cucurbitaceae family. It is also known as calabash or w... more Lagenaria siceraria (Lauki) belong to the Cucurbitaceae family. It is also known as calabash or white flowered gourd and locally kado. There are 118 general and 825 species. It is found in many countries Pakistan, India, Sri-Lanka, and Africa. The fruit is the rich source of the ascorbic acid, beta carotene and a good source of vitamin B complex. The seeds of L. siceraria contain amino acids, proteins, lignin, and iron. The leaves contain carbohydrates, phytoestrols, saponins, phenolic compounds, tennis, proteins, amino acids and flavonoids. Lagenaria siceraria seed oil has cooling effects and can be applied in migraine type headache. The fruit of the L. siceraria help to reduce the inflammation on the liver and the juice of the L. siceraria on empty stomach in morning is the best remedy liver disease, heart disease, urinary problems and depression. The juice also helps to change the concentration of the urea and uric acid in kidney. The fruit is used for the treatment of the jaundi...
number of deaths. In the absence of an effective antiviral drug to treat the disease, various tre... more number of deaths. In the absence of an effective antiviral drug to treat the disease, various treatments are being investigated. Studies have indicated that the juice of the leaves of the Carica papaya plant from the family Caricaceae could help to increase the platelet levels in these patients. In Pakistan 505,430 dengue cases reported. There is no specific treatment for dengue fever. Fever reducers and pain killers can be taken to control the symptoms of muscle aches and pains, and fever. The best options to treat these symptoms are acetaminophen or paracetamol. The first dengue vaccine, Dengvaxia but there are not properly beneficial for dengue disease. Carica papaya leave's juice is given to those who are effected with dengue fever they used their leaves as an herbal medicine. Carica papaya leaves juice significantly accelerates the rate of increase in platelet count among patients with dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever.
Air pollution is a significant health risk factor all over the world. A global study of diseases ... more Air pollution is a significant health risk factor all over the world. A global study of diseases showed that air pollution is one of the top ten global health risk factors. Approximately 7 million people in the world and 40, 0000 people experience early death due to air pollution. The most common pollutants include particulate matter, carbon monoxide, ozone, nitrogen oxide, and sulfur dioxide. The two types of air pollution, indoor and ambient, both contribute to a host of cardiac and respiratory illnesses. General ambient air pollution, chiefly due to the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, may be responsible for increased rates of lung cancer. Exposure to excess levels of air pollution is significantly associated with a variety of acute and chronic respiratory illnesses, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, respiratory allergies, and lung cancer. The effects of air pollution disproportionately impact the extremes of the age distribution, perhaps due to altered...
Nature has generously open life-saving remedies to mankind by offering evolutionarily optimized d... more Nature has generously open life-saving remedies to mankind by offering evolutionarily optimized drug like bimolecular in the form of several natural products. These marvelous gifts of nature have been serving as most suitable candidates against the treatment of multiple disorders and particularly for cancer (2nd leading cause of death, cancer) due to their pleiotropic mode of action on target molecules. Current review intends to provide an update on the bioactivities of such gifts from nature, natural borneol, which is the major bioactive constituents of traditionally used medicines. Borneol is a monoterpenoid, isolated from different medicinal plants and have strong potential to be used against multiple disorders such as bacterial and inflammatory infections. Recently it is investigated that borneol has a great potential of inhibiting the growth of multiple neoplasms such as hepatocellular carcinoma, neuroblastoma, glioma, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, ovarian and lung cancer...
Bioremediation is a process to remove or detoxify contaminant present in the environment by certa... more Bioremediation is a process to remove or detoxify contaminant present in the environment by certain biomolecules or biomass to bind and concentrate selected ions or other molecules. Water pollution is an issue of great concern worldwide, and it can be broadly divided into three main categories, that is, contamination by organic compounds, inorganic compounds (e.g., heavy metals), and microorganisms. A wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, yeasts, and algae, can act as biologically active methylators, which are able to at least modify toxic species. Microorganisms cannot destroy metals, they can alter their chemical properties via a surprising array of mechanisms. Different factors affect bioremediation include environmental factor biological factor, availability of nutrients, temperature, ph, and toxic compounds. Among organic pollutants, hydrocarbons may enter in water either directly by spills or effluents or indirectly from atmosphere. These metals are extremel...
Staphylococcus aureus is a non motile, non spore- forming gram positive bacterium that causes a w... more Staphylococcus aureus is a non motile, non spore- forming gram positive bacterium that causes a wide range of infections such as endocardatis, skin infections, bacteraemia, sepsis and food poisoning. The objective of this study is to evaluate the pattern of drug resistance of staphylococcus aureus in different type of samples that were taken from different wards (emergency and OPD) of the hospital. In this study we analyzed 40 isolates were obtained on blood agar and tryptic soy agar. Identification of the isolates was carried out by catalase test as well as methicillin resistance. Confirmed staphylococcus aureus isolates were analyzed for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. In our study the isolates from patients, particularly are frequently resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents more than 90% of staphylococcus aureus isolates were resistance to cefalothin, erythromycin and 80% are resistance to vancomycin. Our findings showed that MRSA isolates were coming from the communit...
Background: Dengue is a tropical disease caused by dengue virus (DENV). It is one of the most sig... more Background: Dengue is a tropical disease caused by dengue virus (DENV). It is one of the most significant arthropodborne viral infections. Objectives: The aim of the current study was to characterize epidemiological, laboratory markers of dengue infection during the recent epidemic in Lahore. Methods: During the prospective laboratory based observational study, 1,082dengue suspected cases were haematological examined. CBC tests were conducted for the confirmation of dengue infection due to decrease rate of platelets count. Data regarding the laboratory features, platelet count tests were also recorded for the dengue positive patients. Results: Out of total samples 300 cases including were223 (74.3%) were male and 77 (25.6%) were female detected positive for the dengue infection. In the dengue positive patients, the highest prevalence was observed in the age group41-50 years, 76(25.3%) followed age group1120years, 28(9.3%), 31-40 years, 37 (12.3%), 51-60 years 34(11.3%), 61-70 years,...
Scholars International Journal of Anatomy and Physiology
Aloe Vera, a cactus-like plant belongs to Asphodelaceae (Liliaceae) family has been used for trad... more Aloe Vera, a cactus-like plant belongs to Asphodelaceae (Liliaceae) family has been used for traditional medical purposes for thousands of years. Aloe Vera derives its name from the Arabic word “Alloeh” which means “shining bitter substance” because of the bitter liquid found in the leaves and Vera which means “true” in Latin. There are over 300 species of aloe, most of which are native to South Africa, Madagascar and Arabia. Aloe leaves can be separated into two basic products: the latex, a bitter yellow liquid beneath the epidermis of the leaf and the gel, a colorless and tasteless substance in the inner part of the leaf. Both of them have many biologically active components, mainly anthraquinones and polysaccharides (the most active is acemannan), which may act alone or in synergy. Application of Aloe vera gel is cosmetic-moisturizers, toothpastes and flavoring compounds or preservative of fresh products and in medicine of humans or animals. Aloe vera gel is an active ingredient ...
Physical activity and exercise on a regular basis can help you stay healthy, energetic, and indep... more Physical activity and exercise on a regular basis can help you stay healthy, energetic, and independent as you age. Exercise is essential in preventing health problems such as heart disease and stroke. Many studies have demonstrated the health benefits of regular exercise. This report examines the evidence regarding the health benefits of exercise across the board. Physical activity and exercise can help to lower stress and anxiety, enhance happy neurotransmitters, promote self-confidence, boost brain function, improve memory, and strengthen our muscles and bones. It also aids in the prevention and treatment of heart disease, obesity, blood sugar swings, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. It also aids in the prevention and treatment of heart disease, obesity, blood sugar swings, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Regular physical activity has been shown the useful in the primary and secondary prevention of a variety of chronic diseases (e.g., cardiovascular disease, diabetes, canc...
Palm oil is edible plant oil derived from the fruits of palm trees. Palm oil is extracted from th... more Palm oil is edible plant oil derived from the fruits of palm trees. Palm oil is extracted from the pulp of the fruit of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis)) which is one of the species of palm. It consists of various phytonutrients such as tocotrenols, tocopherols, carotenoids, phytosterols, squalene, and coenzyme. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a global health burden that greatly impact patient quality of life and account for a huge number of deaths worldwide. Palm oil consumption and its effects on serum lipid levels, and cardiovascular disease are found in humans. Palm oil is one of the most stable oils, which help it prolong food storability mostly due not only to its content of saturated fatty acids, but also to its antioxidant compounds. Palm oil plays an important role in the prevention of much pathology (diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, obesity and cancers). It is widely use in nutrition especially in the food industry and in biodiesel industry. These metabolites show benefic...
Vitamins are organic substances that the body need; it obtains and absorbs them from plants and a... more Vitamins are organic substances that the body need; it obtains and absorbs them from plants and animals. Cobalamin, another name for vitamin B12, is a substance that belongs to the cobalamin family. Deficiency of cobalamin affects the heart uses energy, causing arrhythmia and enlargement of the left ventricle, demyelination, causing neurological symptoms such as numbness, tingling, and difficulty walking Apathy, anorexia, irritability, growth retardation, and developmental regression. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in developed countries. It was determined that B12 is an essential micronutrient for a healthy brain in young people and the elderly. Various conditions are responsible for B12 deficiency. If there is a nutritional shortfall, prompt and appropriate supplementation is required. This supplementation can prevent the damage to nervous system. Deficiency may leads to cognitive decline and vascular risk factors in neuropsychiatric disorders, cardiovascular disease, and heart fail. Some cardiovascular or psychological disorders are related to anxiety, dementia and depression, heart attack which can be improved with B12 supplementation.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND MEDICAL RESEARCH, 2022
Rabbit faeces consist of numerous species of bacteria comprising both gram positive and gram nega... more Rabbit faeces consist of numerous species of bacteria comprising both gram positive and gram negative. These bacteria are actually present in the caecum microbiota that forms a complex ecosystem which plays an important role in maintaining the reliability of the rabbit’s digestive health. The present study was conducted to examine the occurrence of gram positive bacteria in rabbit faeces. From 35 isolates, 14 strains of gram positive bacteria were isolated on the basis of Gram Staining technique from the rabbit faeces and distinctly labeled from RFS-01 to RFS14. Afterwards these strains were identified as Staphylococcus aureus, Lactobacilli and Enterococcus spp. The percentages in incidence were 35.71% for both Staphylococcus aureus and Lactobacilli. While the Enterococcus sp. percentage in present study was 28.57. By applying biochemical test and after culturing bacteria on selective agar the bacteria species were identified. The Staphylococci species named were culture on Phenol Red Mannitol Salt Agar supplemented with 7.5% NaCl. Lactobacilli isolated on MRS and Pfizer Selective Enterococcus Agar was confirmed the presence of Enterococcus. The biochemical tests that were performed in present study were Catalase test, Oxidase test and the Coagulase test. The results may contribute to the study about the presence of gram positive bacteria in the faeces of herbivorous animals as well as evaluate the chances of microbial transmission from pet rabbits.
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a condition brought on by a virus (Nairovirus) that is ... more Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a condition brought on by a virus (Nairovirus) that is spread by ticks and is a member of the Bunyaviridae family and the genus Hayalomma. This virus could travel across the Hayaloma genus. This species maintains two host-life cycles, changing from a larva to a nymph on its first host, which can be a tiny animal like a bird, and then from adult stages to humans, which serve as the second host. Currently, 27 distinct Hyalomma species are recognized. Geographically, CCHFV is spread throughout Asia, the Middle East, Southern Europe, and Africa, all of which have large tick populations. This virus is capable of spreading both horizontally and vertically. Animals like sheep, goats, cattle, and hares may act as hosts or reservoirs for the virus. Humans can contract this virus by coming into touch with infected ticks or animal blood. Due to contact with bodily fluids or infectious blood, medical personnel are most vulnerable in endemic areas. This ...
International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology
Pheasants are most beautiful and colorful birds in the world. They refer to any member of the sub... more Pheasants are most beautiful and colorful birds in the world. They refer to any member of the subfamily phadianidae in the order Galliformes. Out of 50 species 5 are found in Pakistan i.e. Monal, (Lophoporus impejanus) koklass (Pucrasia macrolopha), Kalij (Lophura leucomelana) Cheer pheasant (Catreus wallichi) and Western Tragopan (Tragopan melanocephalus). Yellow pheasant and red pheasants are introduced in outer countries for the sake of money. One pair of red pheasant specie in (25,000) rupees They are found mainly in the KPK, extending eastwards into Kaghan and Azad Kashmir, few in Pallas Valley and Ayubia National Park, coniferous forests of Chitral, Dir, Swat, Hazara, Azad Kashmir and Gilgit, swat, Kohistan etc. Altitude range varies from species to species i.e. Monal (2000-2400m), Koklass (2200-2500m), Kalij (1200-1100 ft), and Western Tragopan (1750-3600 ft).The Western Tragopan is considered as the rarest of all living pheasants. Dhodial Pheasant in Pakistan’s Khyber Pakhtu...
Balangu (Lallemantia royleana) is a member of the Lamiaceae or Labiateae family. In Pakistan comm... more Balangu (Lallemantia royleana) is a member of the Lamiaceae or Labiateae family. In Pakistan commonly called Tukhmalanga. This valuable medicinal plant is indigenous to tropical Asia, including India, Afghanistan, and Pakistan. The chemical analysis of Lallemantia royleana seed showed that the seeds contained: protein 25.60%, fat 18.27%, fiber 1.29%, alkaloids, anthraquinones, flavonoids, glycosides, pholobtannin tannins, volatile oils, mixed fatty acids and terpenoids. It exerted many pharmacological effects included antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidepressant, anxiolytic, sedative, antiemetic, hypolipidemic, protective and many other pharmacological effects. The current review discussed the Lallemantia royleana as a beneficial medicinal plant. It can be a good remedy for skin disease. Further screening for phytochemicals should be carried out in search of novel therapeutic compounds.
Genetic hydrocephalus is a neurological condition in which the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flows wi... more Genetic hydrocephalus is a neurological condition in which the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flows with subsequent and it results in enlargement of the cerebral ventricular cavities. The common cause of the congenital hydrocephalus is the variation in the L1CAM gene, and there is the narrow passage between the third and fourth ventricles. It is suggesting that hydrocephalus is more complicated than the simple CSF , and are many factors which are associated with the genetics of hydrocephalus, the major two factors are the i) telomeres proximity ii) and the more content of Adenine and Thymine [A, T] in the human CH as compared to the other nervous disorders. It is also suggesting that genetics of hydrocephalus is a crucial birth defect, and its genetics is still not completely understood, so it is the most important clinical feature. There are about 43 mutant loci associated with the animals and human hydrocephalus. Among them 9 are associated with animal models and 1 with the human. The ...
Chromium is one of the most common elements in the earth’s crust and is used in more than 50 diff... more Chromium is one of the most common elements in the earth’s crust and is used in more than 50 different industries. There are three oxidation states in case of Chromium viz., Cr (II), Cr (III), Cr (VI). Among which Cr (II) is most unstable. Cr (III) and Cr (VI) are the stable oxidation state of Chromium in the environment. Being one of the commonly used metals Chromium and its particulates enter the aquatic medium through effluents discharged from different industries like textiles, tanneries, electroplating workshops, ore mining, dyeing, printing-photographic and medical industries. The discharge from these industries pollutes the waters and affects the biota. Chromium is known to cause various health effects. The health hazards associated with exposure to chromium are dependent on its oxidation state. The Hexavalent form is toxic than trivalent form. The hematological alterations produced on exposure to sub-lethal concentration (1/10th of LC50/96 hrs) of chromium were investigated ...
Lagenaria siceraria (Lauki) belong to the Cucurbitaceae family. It is also known as calabash or w... more Lagenaria siceraria (Lauki) belong to the Cucurbitaceae family. It is also known as calabash or white flowered gourd and locally kado. There are 118 general and 825 species. It is found in many countries Pakistan, India, Sri-Lanka, and Africa. The fruit is the rich source of the ascorbic acid, beta carotene and a good source of vitamin B complex. The seeds of L. siceraria contain amino acids, proteins, lignin, and iron. The leaves contain carbohydrates, phytoestrols, saponins, phenolic compounds, tennis, proteins, amino acids and flavonoids. Lagenaria siceraria seed oil has cooling effects and can be applied in migraine type headache. The fruit of the L. siceraria help to reduce the inflammation on the liver and the juice of the L. siceraria on empty stomach in morning is the best remedy liver disease, heart disease, urinary problems and depression. The juice also helps to change the concentration of the urea and uric acid in kidney. The fruit is used for the treatment of the jaundi...
number of deaths. In the absence of an effective antiviral drug to treat the disease, various tre... more number of deaths. In the absence of an effective antiviral drug to treat the disease, various treatments are being investigated. Studies have indicated that the juice of the leaves of the Carica papaya plant from the family Caricaceae could help to increase the platelet levels in these patients. In Pakistan 505,430 dengue cases reported. There is no specific treatment for dengue fever. Fever reducers and pain killers can be taken to control the symptoms of muscle aches and pains, and fever. The best options to treat these symptoms are acetaminophen or paracetamol. The first dengue vaccine, Dengvaxia but there are not properly beneficial for dengue disease. Carica papaya leave's juice is given to those who are effected with dengue fever they used their leaves as an herbal medicine. Carica papaya leaves juice significantly accelerates the rate of increase in platelet count among patients with dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever.
Air pollution is a significant health risk factor all over the world. A global study of diseases ... more Air pollution is a significant health risk factor all over the world. A global study of diseases showed that air pollution is one of the top ten global health risk factors. Approximately 7 million people in the world and 40, 0000 people experience early death due to air pollution. The most common pollutants include particulate matter, carbon monoxide, ozone, nitrogen oxide, and sulfur dioxide. The two types of air pollution, indoor and ambient, both contribute to a host of cardiac and respiratory illnesses. General ambient air pollution, chiefly due to the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, may be responsible for increased rates of lung cancer. Exposure to excess levels of air pollution is significantly associated with a variety of acute and chronic respiratory illnesses, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, respiratory allergies, and lung cancer. The effects of air pollution disproportionately impact the extremes of the age distribution, perhaps due to altered...
Nature has generously open life-saving remedies to mankind by offering evolutionarily optimized d... more Nature has generously open life-saving remedies to mankind by offering evolutionarily optimized drug like bimolecular in the form of several natural products. These marvelous gifts of nature have been serving as most suitable candidates against the treatment of multiple disorders and particularly for cancer (2nd leading cause of death, cancer) due to their pleiotropic mode of action on target molecules. Current review intends to provide an update on the bioactivities of such gifts from nature, natural borneol, which is the major bioactive constituents of traditionally used medicines. Borneol is a monoterpenoid, isolated from different medicinal plants and have strong potential to be used against multiple disorders such as bacterial and inflammatory infections. Recently it is investigated that borneol has a great potential of inhibiting the growth of multiple neoplasms such as hepatocellular carcinoma, neuroblastoma, glioma, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, ovarian and lung cancer...
Bioremediation is a process to remove or detoxify contaminant present in the environment by certa... more Bioremediation is a process to remove or detoxify contaminant present in the environment by certain biomolecules or biomass to bind and concentrate selected ions or other molecules. Water pollution is an issue of great concern worldwide, and it can be broadly divided into three main categories, that is, contamination by organic compounds, inorganic compounds (e.g., heavy metals), and microorganisms. A wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, yeasts, and algae, can act as biologically active methylators, which are able to at least modify toxic species. Microorganisms cannot destroy metals, they can alter their chemical properties via a surprising array of mechanisms. Different factors affect bioremediation include environmental factor biological factor, availability of nutrients, temperature, ph, and toxic compounds. Among organic pollutants, hydrocarbons may enter in water either directly by spills or effluents or indirectly from atmosphere. These metals are extremel...
Staphylococcus aureus is a non motile, non spore- forming gram positive bacterium that causes a w... more Staphylococcus aureus is a non motile, non spore- forming gram positive bacterium that causes a wide range of infections such as endocardatis, skin infections, bacteraemia, sepsis and food poisoning. The objective of this study is to evaluate the pattern of drug resistance of staphylococcus aureus in different type of samples that were taken from different wards (emergency and OPD) of the hospital. In this study we analyzed 40 isolates were obtained on blood agar and tryptic soy agar. Identification of the isolates was carried out by catalase test as well as methicillin resistance. Confirmed staphylococcus aureus isolates were analyzed for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. In our study the isolates from patients, particularly are frequently resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents more than 90% of staphylococcus aureus isolates were resistance to cefalothin, erythromycin and 80% are resistance to vancomycin. Our findings showed that MRSA isolates were coming from the communit...
Background: Dengue is a tropical disease caused by dengue virus (DENV). It is one of the most sig... more Background: Dengue is a tropical disease caused by dengue virus (DENV). It is one of the most significant arthropodborne viral infections. Objectives: The aim of the current study was to characterize epidemiological, laboratory markers of dengue infection during the recent epidemic in Lahore. Methods: During the prospective laboratory based observational study, 1,082dengue suspected cases were haematological examined. CBC tests were conducted for the confirmation of dengue infection due to decrease rate of platelets count. Data regarding the laboratory features, platelet count tests were also recorded for the dengue positive patients. Results: Out of total samples 300 cases including were223 (74.3%) were male and 77 (25.6%) were female detected positive for the dengue infection. In the dengue positive patients, the highest prevalence was observed in the age group41-50 years, 76(25.3%) followed age group1120years, 28(9.3%), 31-40 years, 37 (12.3%), 51-60 years 34(11.3%), 61-70 years,...
Scholars International Journal of Anatomy and Physiology
Aloe Vera, a cactus-like plant belongs to Asphodelaceae (Liliaceae) family has been used for trad... more Aloe Vera, a cactus-like plant belongs to Asphodelaceae (Liliaceae) family has been used for traditional medical purposes for thousands of years. Aloe Vera derives its name from the Arabic word “Alloeh” which means “shining bitter substance” because of the bitter liquid found in the leaves and Vera which means “true” in Latin. There are over 300 species of aloe, most of which are native to South Africa, Madagascar and Arabia. Aloe leaves can be separated into two basic products: the latex, a bitter yellow liquid beneath the epidermis of the leaf and the gel, a colorless and tasteless substance in the inner part of the leaf. Both of them have many biologically active components, mainly anthraquinones and polysaccharides (the most active is acemannan), which may act alone or in synergy. Application of Aloe vera gel is cosmetic-moisturizers, toothpastes and flavoring compounds or preservative of fresh products and in medicine of humans or animals. Aloe vera gel is an active ingredient ...
Physical activity and exercise on a regular basis can help you stay healthy, energetic, and indep... more Physical activity and exercise on a regular basis can help you stay healthy, energetic, and independent as you age. Exercise is essential in preventing health problems such as heart disease and stroke. Many studies have demonstrated the health benefits of regular exercise. This report examines the evidence regarding the health benefits of exercise across the board. Physical activity and exercise can help to lower stress and anxiety, enhance happy neurotransmitters, promote self-confidence, boost brain function, improve memory, and strengthen our muscles and bones. It also aids in the prevention and treatment of heart disease, obesity, blood sugar swings, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. It also aids in the prevention and treatment of heart disease, obesity, blood sugar swings, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Regular physical activity has been shown the useful in the primary and secondary prevention of a variety of chronic diseases (e.g., cardiovascular disease, diabetes, canc...
Palm oil is edible plant oil derived from the fruits of palm trees. Palm oil is extracted from th... more Palm oil is edible plant oil derived from the fruits of palm trees. Palm oil is extracted from the pulp of the fruit of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis)) which is one of the species of palm. It consists of various phytonutrients such as tocotrenols, tocopherols, carotenoids, phytosterols, squalene, and coenzyme. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a global health burden that greatly impact patient quality of life and account for a huge number of deaths worldwide. Palm oil consumption and its effects on serum lipid levels, and cardiovascular disease are found in humans. Palm oil is one of the most stable oils, which help it prolong food storability mostly due not only to its content of saturated fatty acids, but also to its antioxidant compounds. Palm oil plays an important role in the prevention of much pathology (diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, obesity and cancers). It is widely use in nutrition especially in the food industry and in biodiesel industry. These metabolites show benefic...
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Papers by Aisha Saleem
bacteria are actually present in the caecum microbiota that forms a complex ecosystem which plays an important
role in maintaining the reliability of the rabbit’s digestive health. The present study was conducted to examine the
occurrence of gram positive bacteria in rabbit faeces. From 35 isolates, 14 strains of gram positive bacteria were
isolated on the basis of Gram Staining technique from the rabbit faeces and distinctly labeled from RFS-01 to RFS14. Afterwards these strains were identified as Staphylococcus aureus, Lactobacilli and Enterococcus spp. The
percentages in incidence were 35.71% for both Staphylococcus aureus and Lactobacilli. While the Enterococcus
sp. percentage in present study was 28.57. By applying biochemical test and after culturing bacteria on selective
agar the bacteria species were identified. The Staphylococci species named were culture on Phenol Red Mannitol
Salt Agar supplemented with 7.5% NaCl. Lactobacilli isolated on MRS and Pfizer Selective Enterococcus Agar
was confirmed the presence of Enterococcus. The biochemical tests that were performed in present study were
Catalase test, Oxidase test and the Coagulase test. The results may contribute to the study about the presence of
gram positive bacteria in the faeces of herbivorous animals as well as evaluate the chances of microbial
transmission from pet rabbits.
bacteria are actually present in the caecum microbiota that forms a complex ecosystem which plays an important
role in maintaining the reliability of the rabbit’s digestive health. The present study was conducted to examine the
occurrence of gram positive bacteria in rabbit faeces. From 35 isolates, 14 strains of gram positive bacteria were
isolated on the basis of Gram Staining technique from the rabbit faeces and distinctly labeled from RFS-01 to RFS14. Afterwards these strains were identified as Staphylococcus aureus, Lactobacilli and Enterococcus spp. The
percentages in incidence were 35.71% for both Staphylococcus aureus and Lactobacilli. While the Enterococcus
sp. percentage in present study was 28.57. By applying biochemical test and after culturing bacteria on selective
agar the bacteria species were identified. The Staphylococci species named were culture on Phenol Red Mannitol
Salt Agar supplemented with 7.5% NaCl. Lactobacilli isolated on MRS and Pfizer Selective Enterococcus Agar
was confirmed the presence of Enterococcus. The biochemical tests that were performed in present study were
Catalase test, Oxidase test and the Coagulase test. The results may contribute to the study about the presence of
gram positive bacteria in the faeces of herbivorous animals as well as evaluate the chances of microbial
transmission from pet rabbits.