The COVID-19 pandemic has tested the resiliency of tourism operations across the globe. In the st... more The COVID-19 pandemic has tested the resiliency of tourism operations across the globe. In the state of North Carolina (NC; USA), stay-at-home orders and social distancing requirements have forced tourism operations to drastically alter their service delivery. This includes agritourism – visiting a working farm for education or recreation. This presentation outlines the lessons learned from NC’s agritourism operators’ resilience in the face of challenges brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic. We build upon two studies: in Study 1 we conducted before and after surveys with agritourism visitors and in Study 2, we conducted interviews with agritourism operators during the COVID-19 pandemic. This work illustrates: (1) that agritourism operators encourage local food advocacy in visitors through agritourism experiences and (2) that agritourism’s diversified practices (e.g., local food outlets) allowed agritourism operators to remain operational and generating revenue during the COVID-19 pandemic, which ultimately contributed to their adaptive capacity and resilience
—Since the release of the movie “Twister” in 1996, storm chasing has become an increasingly popul... more —Since the release of the movie “Twister” in 1996, storm chasing has become an increasingly popular form of recreation. Storm chasing tour agencies have emerged to provide technical assistance and guidance to individuals wishing to participate in this activity. However, little is known about the participants’ perceptions of their storm chasing tours. Therefore, an Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) was conducted to examine recreational storm chasers’ perceptions of 22 tour operational attributes. Results can be used by recreational storm chasing tour agencies to improve their service and to address participants’ needs for increased enjoyment and satisfaction. Future research is recommended to analyze results based on individual tour agencies as well as storm chasers’ demographic profiles.
The mariculture industry provides economic diversification to coastal communities as well as envi... more The mariculture industry provides economic diversification to coastal communities as well as environmental benefits such as improved water quality, resulting from the water-filtering properties of oysters and clams (NC Shellfish Mariculture Advisory Committee, 2018). These benefits have encouraged the North Carolina (NC) legislature to devote resources to strategies that would develop this industry, including the creation of a North Carolina Oyster Trail (NCOT). To expand and ensure the sustainability of this NCOT effort, greater information is needed about the demand for mariculture tourism experiences. Therefore, a mixed-method approach was taken to generate an inventory of existing assets and resources needed for the future growth of the NCOT. This presentation reflects upon lessons learned from the implementation of this mixed-method study and adaptation strategies employed to continue the study in light of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic
Encouraging sustainable behaviors regarding food choices among the public is crucial to ensure fo... more Encouraging sustainable behaviors regarding food choices among the public is crucial to ensure food systems’ sustainability. We expand the understanding of sustainable behavioral change by assessing engagement in local food systems (LFSs) in the context of agritourism experiences. Using theory of planned behavior (TPB) and personal norms, we conducted pre–post-surveys at agritourism farms to measure the impact of changes in the TPB behavioral antecedents as predictors of the following behavioral intentions regarding LFS engagement: (1) purchasing local food (private-sphere behavior), (2) increasing monthly budget to purchase local food (private-sphere behavior) and (3) advocating for local food (public-sphere behavior). Our findings indicate that strategies to encourage LFS engagement should seek to activate moral considerations that can motivate action across private and public behaviors, which applies to various demographic groups. To stimulate collective action, strategies should...
The history and activities associated with the production, procurement, and consumption of distil... more The history and activities associated with the production, procurement, and consumption of distilled spirits are integral in North Carolina’s (NC) culture. The modern interpretation of these activities is often romanticized; however, the reality was that these activities resulted from North Carolinians trying to maximize resources during hard economic times. Recently, new economic opportunities related to distilling have arisen in NC, where entrepreneurs are answering consumers’ demand for high-quality spirits. The proliferation of the craft distilling movement in NC has led to the creation of attractions (e.g., distillery tours and tastings) which augment tourism products in urban and rural destinations. A similar process occurred with Kentucky’s Bourbon Trail, which has generated millions of dollars in direct spending and tax revenues (Kornstein & Luckett, 2014s). North Carolina’s distillers and their surrounding communities may gain tourism’s benefits if a statewide distillery-re...
A 2010 survey examined preferences and behaviors of current and potential agritourists and explor... more A 2010 survey examined preferences and behaviors of current and potential agritourists and explored 15 motivations for visiting two agritourism settings (farms and private forests). Responses from 969 Missouri households showed that doing something with family, viewing the scenic beauty, and enjoying the smells and sounds of nature were the most important motivations for visiting both settings. Paired t-tests showed that there were significant differences in seven motivations for visiting a farm versus a private forest. 1.0 Introduction Agritourism is defined as recreation-related services and/or activities incorporated into a working farm or other agricultural setting (Barbieri et al. 2008, Che et al. 2005). Agritourism includes visiting both farms and private forests and encompasses a wide variety of activities. The most prevalent agritourism activities in Missouri are tours, recreational self-harvest (e.g., pick-your own vegetables and mushroom gathering), and observation/partici...
Increased tourist interest in having authentic and unique experiences when traveling is pushing d... more Increased tourist interest in having authentic and unique experiences when traveling is pushing destinations to focus on specific segments, such as craft beverage tourism. To attract tourists, destinations need to develop specific offerings and communicate them by developing their destination image to be competitive. Given the great role authenticity and uniqueness have in craft beverage tourism. This study examined the perceived authenticity and uniqueness of four types of resources related to an emerging craft beverage tourism destination (Ica, Peru), among potential visitors. A non-random sample of 1,075 adults living in the U.S. and who had never visited Peru was sampled. A series of ANOVAs was conducted to identify differences in the perceived authenticity and uniqueness among the four types of resources. Results indicate that Ica could develop its image as a craft-beverage tourism destination based on the authenticity and uniqueness of their pisco-related resources, emphasizing cultural and built resources
Acharya, B.P., & Halpenny, E.A. (2013). Homestays as an alternative tourism product for sustainab... more Acharya, B.P., & Halpenny, E.A. (2013). Homestays as an alternative tourism product for sustainable community development: A case study of women-managed tourism product in rural Nepal. Tourism Planning & Development, 10(4), 367-387. Araújo Vila, N., & Brea, J. A. F. (2015). From experiential economy to experiential tourism. Fiction series as inducers of experiences and destinations visit. PASOS: Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural, 13(4), 959-964. Chuang, S. T. (2013). Residents' attitudes toward rural tourism in Taiwan: A comparative viewpoint. International Journal of Tourism Research, 15(2), 152-170. Mateos, M. R. (2013). El turismo experiencial como forma de turismo responsable e intercultural. In Relaciones interculturales en la diversidad (pp. 199-217). Cátedra Intercultural. Ghaderi, Z., & Henderson, J. C. (2012). Sustainable rural tourism in Iran: A perspective from Hawraman Village. Tourism Management Perspectives, 2, 47-54. Kontogeorgopoulos, N., Churyen, A., & Du...
Consumers’ engagement in local food consumption is crucial for food systems sustainability and ag... more Consumers’ engagement in local food consumption is crucial for food systems sustainability and agritourism is considered a market outlet for local food consumption. Yet, there has been limited research on consumer behavior towards local food in the context of agritourism. The purpose of this work is to measure whether an agritourism experience influences consumers’ intentions to purchase local food. To achieve this purpose this study utilized a pre-post survey at agritourism operations in North Carolina. A repeated measures multivariate analysis of variance was used to measure the influence of agritourism on intended consumer behavior. This study concludes that agritourism positively influences consumers’ attitudes and personal norms towards local food and intended local food purchasing. Altogether, this study builds towards an underexplored additional benefit of agritourism as a strategy to promote local food consumption and food systems sustainability
The COVID-19 pandemic has tested the resiliency of tourism operations across the globe. In the st... more The COVID-19 pandemic has tested the resiliency of tourism operations across the globe. In the state of North Carolina (NC; USA), stay-at-home orders and social distancing requirements have forced tourism operations to drastically alter their service delivery. This includes agritourism – visiting a working farm for education or recreation. This presentation outlines the lessons learned from NC’s agritourism operators’ resilience in the face of challenges brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic. We build upon two studies: in Study 1 we conducted before and after surveys with agritourism visitors and in Study 2, we conducted interviews with agritourism operators during the COVID-19 pandemic. This work illustrates: (1) that agritourism operators encourage local food advocacy in visitors through agritourism experiences and (2) that agritourism’s diversified practices (e.g., local food outlets) allowed agritourism operators to remain operational and generating revenue during the COVID-19 pandemic, which ultimately contributed to their adaptive capacity and resilience
—Since the release of the movie “Twister” in 1996, storm chasing has become an increasingly popul... more —Since the release of the movie “Twister” in 1996, storm chasing has become an increasingly popular form of recreation. Storm chasing tour agencies have emerged to provide technical assistance and guidance to individuals wishing to participate in this activity. However, little is known about the participants’ perceptions of their storm chasing tours. Therefore, an Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) was conducted to examine recreational storm chasers’ perceptions of 22 tour operational attributes. Results can be used by recreational storm chasing tour agencies to improve their service and to address participants’ needs for increased enjoyment and satisfaction. Future research is recommended to analyze results based on individual tour agencies as well as storm chasers’ demographic profiles.
The mariculture industry provides economic diversification to coastal communities as well as envi... more The mariculture industry provides economic diversification to coastal communities as well as environmental benefits such as improved water quality, resulting from the water-filtering properties of oysters and clams (NC Shellfish Mariculture Advisory Committee, 2018). These benefits have encouraged the North Carolina (NC) legislature to devote resources to strategies that would develop this industry, including the creation of a North Carolina Oyster Trail (NCOT). To expand and ensure the sustainability of this NCOT effort, greater information is needed about the demand for mariculture tourism experiences. Therefore, a mixed-method approach was taken to generate an inventory of existing assets and resources needed for the future growth of the NCOT. This presentation reflects upon lessons learned from the implementation of this mixed-method study and adaptation strategies employed to continue the study in light of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic
Encouraging sustainable behaviors regarding food choices among the public is crucial to ensure fo... more Encouraging sustainable behaviors regarding food choices among the public is crucial to ensure food systems’ sustainability. We expand the understanding of sustainable behavioral change by assessing engagement in local food systems (LFSs) in the context of agritourism experiences. Using theory of planned behavior (TPB) and personal norms, we conducted pre–post-surveys at agritourism farms to measure the impact of changes in the TPB behavioral antecedents as predictors of the following behavioral intentions regarding LFS engagement: (1) purchasing local food (private-sphere behavior), (2) increasing monthly budget to purchase local food (private-sphere behavior) and (3) advocating for local food (public-sphere behavior). Our findings indicate that strategies to encourage LFS engagement should seek to activate moral considerations that can motivate action across private and public behaviors, which applies to various demographic groups. To stimulate collective action, strategies should...
The history and activities associated with the production, procurement, and consumption of distil... more The history and activities associated with the production, procurement, and consumption of distilled spirits are integral in North Carolina’s (NC) culture. The modern interpretation of these activities is often romanticized; however, the reality was that these activities resulted from North Carolinians trying to maximize resources during hard economic times. Recently, new economic opportunities related to distilling have arisen in NC, where entrepreneurs are answering consumers’ demand for high-quality spirits. The proliferation of the craft distilling movement in NC has led to the creation of attractions (e.g., distillery tours and tastings) which augment tourism products in urban and rural destinations. A similar process occurred with Kentucky’s Bourbon Trail, which has generated millions of dollars in direct spending and tax revenues (Kornstein & Luckett, 2014s). North Carolina’s distillers and their surrounding communities may gain tourism’s benefits if a statewide distillery-re...
A 2010 survey examined preferences and behaviors of current and potential agritourists and explor... more A 2010 survey examined preferences and behaviors of current and potential agritourists and explored 15 motivations for visiting two agritourism settings (farms and private forests). Responses from 969 Missouri households showed that doing something with family, viewing the scenic beauty, and enjoying the smells and sounds of nature were the most important motivations for visiting both settings. Paired t-tests showed that there were significant differences in seven motivations for visiting a farm versus a private forest. 1.0 Introduction Agritourism is defined as recreation-related services and/or activities incorporated into a working farm or other agricultural setting (Barbieri et al. 2008, Che et al. 2005). Agritourism includes visiting both farms and private forests and encompasses a wide variety of activities. The most prevalent agritourism activities in Missouri are tours, recreational self-harvest (e.g., pick-your own vegetables and mushroom gathering), and observation/partici...
Increased tourist interest in having authentic and unique experiences when traveling is pushing d... more Increased tourist interest in having authentic and unique experiences when traveling is pushing destinations to focus on specific segments, such as craft beverage tourism. To attract tourists, destinations need to develop specific offerings and communicate them by developing their destination image to be competitive. Given the great role authenticity and uniqueness have in craft beverage tourism. This study examined the perceived authenticity and uniqueness of four types of resources related to an emerging craft beverage tourism destination (Ica, Peru), among potential visitors. A non-random sample of 1,075 adults living in the U.S. and who had never visited Peru was sampled. A series of ANOVAs was conducted to identify differences in the perceived authenticity and uniqueness among the four types of resources. Results indicate that Ica could develop its image as a craft-beverage tourism destination based on the authenticity and uniqueness of their pisco-related resources, emphasizing cultural and built resources
Acharya, B.P., & Halpenny, E.A. (2013). Homestays as an alternative tourism product for sustainab... more Acharya, B.P., & Halpenny, E.A. (2013). Homestays as an alternative tourism product for sustainable community development: A case study of women-managed tourism product in rural Nepal. Tourism Planning & Development, 10(4), 367-387. Araújo Vila, N., & Brea, J. A. F. (2015). From experiential economy to experiential tourism. Fiction series as inducers of experiences and destinations visit. PASOS: Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural, 13(4), 959-964. Chuang, S. T. (2013). Residents' attitudes toward rural tourism in Taiwan: A comparative viewpoint. International Journal of Tourism Research, 15(2), 152-170. Mateos, M. R. (2013). El turismo experiencial como forma de turismo responsable e intercultural. In Relaciones interculturales en la diversidad (pp. 199-217). Cátedra Intercultural. Ghaderi, Z., & Henderson, J. C. (2012). Sustainable rural tourism in Iran: A perspective from Hawraman Village. Tourism Management Perspectives, 2, 47-54. Kontogeorgopoulos, N., Churyen, A., & Du...
Consumers’ engagement in local food consumption is crucial for food systems sustainability and ag... more Consumers’ engagement in local food consumption is crucial for food systems sustainability and agritourism is considered a market outlet for local food consumption. Yet, there has been limited research on consumer behavior towards local food in the context of agritourism. The purpose of this work is to measure whether an agritourism experience influences consumers’ intentions to purchase local food. To achieve this purpose this study utilized a pre-post survey at agritourism operations in North Carolina. A repeated measures multivariate analysis of variance was used to measure the influence of agritourism on intended consumer behavior. This study concludes that agritourism positively influences consumers’ attitudes and personal norms towards local food and intended local food purchasing. Altogether, this study builds towards an underexplored additional benefit of agritourism as a strategy to promote local food consumption and food systems sustainability
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Papers by Carla Barbieri