Page 1. ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE CHEMICAL IONIZATION LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS SPECTROMETRY AND ITS ... more Page 1. ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE CHEMICAL IONIZATION LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS SPECTROMETRY AND ITS APPLICATION TO CONSERVATION: ANALYSIS OF TRIACYLGLYCEROLS Nobuko Shibayama ...
Journal of Coatings Technology and Research, Aug 21, 2009
... Theta 1 and 2 starting angles were 8 and 8 with a frame width of 6. Runtime for each frame wa... more ... Theta 1 and 2 starting angles were 8 and 8 with a frame width of 6. Runtime for each frame was 45 s. Debye ring data were integrated over chi. ... Conclusion X-ray powder diffraction was employed to try and identify pigments in artists' commercial paints. ...
Journal of Coatings Technology and Research, Aug 28, 2009
... Theta 1 and 2 starting angles were 8 and 8 with a frame width of 6. Runtime for each frame wa... more ... Theta 1 and 2 starting angles were 8 and 8 with a frame width of 6. Runtime for each frame was 45 s. Debye ring data were integrated over chi. ... Conclusion X-ray powder diffraction was employed to try and identify pigments in artists' commercial paints. ...
Page 1. Interpreting Analyses of the Painting Medium: A Case Study of a Pre-Eyckian Altarpiece* E... more Page 1. Interpreting Analyses of the Painting Medium: A Case Study of a Pre-Eyckian Altarpiece* E. Melanie Gifford, Susana Halpine,** and Suzanne Quillen Lomax National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC, and Michael R. Schilling ...
Additional file 1. The FTIR spectra of reaction products of Naphthol AS-G with five substituted a... more Additional file 1. The FTIR spectra of reaction products of Naphthol AS-G with five substituted anilines (2,5-di-chloro, 2,4-di-nitro, 4-methoxy, 3-cyano, 4-trifluoromethyl).
chromatography (LC) to mass spectrometry (MS). It is suitable for a variety of materials, and all... more chromatography (LC) to mass spectrometry (MS). It is suitable for a variety of materials, and allows for LC flow rates of up to 2mL.min-'. Although an established technique, APCI LC/MS has received little attention in the analysis of artists' materials. This paper describes the application of the technique to two conservation related problems. analysis of a white exudate on a painting by Mark Rothko ('Number 7', National Gallery of Art, Washington DC) and the analysis of components present in acetone (propanone) extracts of oil paint films.
for 11 GeoRaman International Conference, June 15-19, 2014, St. Louis, Missourri, USA The Examina... more for 11 GeoRaman International Conference, June 15-19, 2014, St. Louis, Missourri, USA The Examination of Synthetic Organic Pigments in Modern Works of Art by Raman Microscopy and Laser Desorption Ionziation Mass Spectrometry S. Q. Lomax, J. F. Lomax, and A. De-Luca Westrate, National Gallery of Art, DCL-SR, 2000B South Club Drive, Landover MD 20785, USA, s-lomax@nga.gov; Chemistry Department, United States Naval Academy 572M Holloway Road, Annapolis MD 21402, USA, lomax@usna.edu. Abstract: Synthetic organic pigments are laboratorySynthetic organic pigments are laboratorymade pigments used in many fields, including the coloration of industrial and architectural paints, textiles, plastics, and printing inks as well as artists’ materials. They are widely used in modern and contemporary works of art, especially to approximate hues normally achieved with mineral pigments now deemed toxic. Identification of these pigments can help to inform conservation treatment and display decisions as ...
A series of synthetic organic pigments (SOP’s) with azo-containing linkages have been synthesized... more A series of synthetic organic pigments (SOP’s) with azo-containing linkages have been synthesized and characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopies and laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS). These pigments include representatives of the chemical classes arylide (Hansa) yellow, diarylide yellow and oranges, and Naphthol AS. Certain of these (PR7, PR10, PR11, PR18, PR19, PO14, PO15, PO16, PY49, PY98, PY106, PY113, PY124, PY203) are historical pigments, that is they were manufactured but subsequently were removed from production. Of these, some have been brought back into limited production. In addition to the above-mentioned pigments, 18 products of azo-linkage reactions formed between N,N′-bis(acetoacetyl)-o-toluidine and substituted anilines have been synthesized and characterized by the methods listed above as well as by visible reflectance spectroscopy. While not commercially available azo pigments, these colorants will serve as model...
Synthetic organic pigments (SOPS) find wide use in modern and contemporary works of art. These la... more Synthetic organic pigments (SOPS) find wide use in modern and contemporary works of art. These laboratory-made pigments are used in many fields, including industrial and architectural paints, printing inks, plastics, textiles, and artists’ materials. They have been examined by a variety of techniques including spectroscopic methods such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman, and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) as well as chromatographic or mass spectrometric techniques such as pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) and laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS). Often, a combination of techniques has been used to examine these pigments. Previously, we used a combination of Raman spectroscopy and LDI-MS to characterize commercially available SOPS. However, many pigments, termed “historical” are no longer manufactured, and therefore, may not have been characterized. This paper describes the synthesis of members of several classes of SOP...
Page 1. AN INVESTIGATION OF THE REMOVABILITY OF NATURALLY AGED SYNTHETIC PICTURE VARNISHES SUZANN... more Page 1. AN INVESTIGATION OF THE REMOVABILITY OF NATURALLY AGED SYNTHETIC PICTURE VARNISHES SUZANNE QUILLEN LOMAX AND SARAH L. FISHER ABSTRACT-The removability of naturally aged synthetic ...
Page 1. ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE CHEMICAL IONIZATION LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS SPECTROMETRY AND ITS ... more Page 1. ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE CHEMICAL IONIZATION LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS SPECTROMETRY AND ITS APPLICATION TO CONSERVATION: ANALYSIS OF TRIACYLGLYCEROLS Nobuko Shibayama ...
Journal of Coatings Technology and Research, Aug 21, 2009
... Theta 1 and 2 starting angles were 8 and 8 with a frame width of 6. Runtime for each frame wa... more ... Theta 1 and 2 starting angles were 8 and 8 with a frame width of 6. Runtime for each frame was 45 s. Debye ring data were integrated over chi. ... Conclusion X-ray powder diffraction was employed to try and identify pigments in artists' commercial paints. ...
Journal of Coatings Technology and Research, Aug 28, 2009
... Theta 1 and 2 starting angles were 8 and 8 with a frame width of 6. Runtime for each frame wa... more ... Theta 1 and 2 starting angles were 8 and 8 with a frame width of 6. Runtime for each frame was 45 s. Debye ring data were integrated over chi. ... Conclusion X-ray powder diffraction was employed to try and identify pigments in artists' commercial paints. ...
Page 1. Interpreting Analyses of the Painting Medium: A Case Study of a Pre-Eyckian Altarpiece* E... more Page 1. Interpreting Analyses of the Painting Medium: A Case Study of a Pre-Eyckian Altarpiece* E. Melanie Gifford, Susana Halpine,** and Suzanne Quillen Lomax National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC, and Michael R. Schilling ...
Additional file 1. The FTIR spectra of reaction products of Naphthol AS-G with five substituted a... more Additional file 1. The FTIR spectra of reaction products of Naphthol AS-G with five substituted anilines (2,5-di-chloro, 2,4-di-nitro, 4-methoxy, 3-cyano, 4-trifluoromethyl).
chromatography (LC) to mass spectrometry (MS). It is suitable for a variety of materials, and all... more chromatography (LC) to mass spectrometry (MS). It is suitable for a variety of materials, and allows for LC flow rates of up to 2mL.min-'. Although an established technique, APCI LC/MS has received little attention in the analysis of artists' materials. This paper describes the application of the technique to two conservation related problems. analysis of a white exudate on a painting by Mark Rothko ('Number 7', National Gallery of Art, Washington DC) and the analysis of components present in acetone (propanone) extracts of oil paint films.
for 11 GeoRaman International Conference, June 15-19, 2014, St. Louis, Missourri, USA The Examina... more for 11 GeoRaman International Conference, June 15-19, 2014, St. Louis, Missourri, USA The Examination of Synthetic Organic Pigments in Modern Works of Art by Raman Microscopy and Laser Desorption Ionziation Mass Spectrometry S. Q. Lomax, J. F. Lomax, and A. De-Luca Westrate, National Gallery of Art, DCL-SR, 2000B South Club Drive, Landover MD 20785, USA, s-lomax@nga.gov; Chemistry Department, United States Naval Academy 572M Holloway Road, Annapolis MD 21402, USA, lomax@usna.edu. Abstract: Synthetic organic pigments are laboratorySynthetic organic pigments are laboratorymade pigments used in many fields, including the coloration of industrial and architectural paints, textiles, plastics, and printing inks as well as artists’ materials. They are widely used in modern and contemporary works of art, especially to approximate hues normally achieved with mineral pigments now deemed toxic. Identification of these pigments can help to inform conservation treatment and display decisions as ...
A series of synthetic organic pigments (SOP’s) with azo-containing linkages have been synthesized... more A series of synthetic organic pigments (SOP’s) with azo-containing linkages have been synthesized and characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopies and laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS). These pigments include representatives of the chemical classes arylide (Hansa) yellow, diarylide yellow and oranges, and Naphthol AS. Certain of these (PR7, PR10, PR11, PR18, PR19, PO14, PO15, PO16, PY49, PY98, PY106, PY113, PY124, PY203) are historical pigments, that is they were manufactured but subsequently were removed from production. Of these, some have been brought back into limited production. In addition to the above-mentioned pigments, 18 products of azo-linkage reactions formed between N,N′-bis(acetoacetyl)-o-toluidine and substituted anilines have been synthesized and characterized by the methods listed above as well as by visible reflectance spectroscopy. While not commercially available azo pigments, these colorants will serve as model...
Synthetic organic pigments (SOPS) find wide use in modern and contemporary works of art. These la... more Synthetic organic pigments (SOPS) find wide use in modern and contemporary works of art. These laboratory-made pigments are used in many fields, including industrial and architectural paints, printing inks, plastics, textiles, and artists’ materials. They have been examined by a variety of techniques including spectroscopic methods such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman, and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) as well as chromatographic or mass spectrometric techniques such as pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) and laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS). Often, a combination of techniques has been used to examine these pigments. Previously, we used a combination of Raman spectroscopy and LDI-MS to characterize commercially available SOPS. However, many pigments, termed “historical” are no longer manufactured, and therefore, may not have been characterized. This paper describes the synthesis of members of several classes of SOP...
Page 1. AN INVESTIGATION OF THE REMOVABILITY OF NATURALLY AGED SYNTHETIC PICTURE VARNISHES SUZANN... more Page 1. AN INVESTIGATION OF THE REMOVABILITY OF NATURALLY AGED SYNTHETIC PICTURE VARNISHES SUZANNE QUILLEN LOMAX AND SARAH L. FISHER ABSTRACT-The removability of naturally aged synthetic ...
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