Professor of Real Estate and RegenerationHead of Built Environment at Northumbria University Phone: 00 44 (0)191 2274593 Address: Department of Architecture and Built Environment Sutherland Building Northumberland Road Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST
The presentation covered the following themes: 1. what do we mean by civic financialisation? 2. B... more The presentation covered the following themes: 1. what do we mean by civic financialisation? 2. Business Rates Retention Scheme 3. Influence of real estate markets 4. Importance of geography and economic structure 5. A better future: the rate escape 6. Summary & future research
Presentation covers the following: 1. Vocabulary of business rates 2. Business rates revaluation ... more Presentation covers the following: 1. Vocabulary of business rates 2. Business rates revaluation 2017 3. Transitional relief 4. Check, challenge appeal process 5. Wider business rates reform 6. Intelligence
Presentation covers the following themes: 1. origin of project 2. how project was conducted 3. wh... more Presentation covers the following themes: 1. origin of project 2. how project was conducted 3. what has been produced 4. why it is important
A review of progress on the Further Education building programme, identifying the main focus of t... more A review of progress on the Further Education building programme, identifying the main focus of the college developments in relation to regeneration and planning and the conditions that may have contributed to the funding crisis. A thorough literature review was undertaken, and a database compiled, containing information on college developments. Four themes were identified as most relevant to the Built Environment: funding of new college buildings; consolidation on one site and anchoring of regeneration projects; project procurement and delivery, and environmentally sustainable buildings. Four case study examples of colleges have been selected: Middlesbrough, Gateshead, Luton and Sussex Coast College Hastings, all examples of large college projects with a national spread.
The presentation shines a light on those parts of the commercial property market that no one talk... more The presentation shines a light on those parts of the commercial property market that no one talks about and asks the question: why, when we build buildings to last forever, do they become obsolete in a few years? We argue that office development and market conventions need to embed the concept of agility in order to benefit from the new economy.
We consider how the performance of commercial real estate will become vital to local authorities ... more We consider how the performance of commercial real estate will become vital to local authorities in England as they transition from 50% to 100% Business Rate Retention by 2020
Emine Mine Thompson and Paul Greenhalgh explain how Virtual NewcastleGateshead is integrating day... more Emine Mine Thompson and Paul Greenhalgh explain how Virtual NewcastleGateshead is integrating daya sets in its quest to engage citizens in a smart city model
Conversion and adaptation are essential to keeping pace with a dynamic real estate market, argue ... more Conversion and adaptation are essential to keeping pace with a dynamic real estate market, argue Dr Kevin Muldoon-Smith and Dr Paul Greenhalgh.
This paper examines whether Local Planning Authority definitions of affordable housing provide ad... more This paper examines whether Local Planning Authority definitions of affordable housing provide adequate clarity with which to negotiate affordable housing contributions with private sector house builders. The paper updates Government research, Delivering Affordable Housing through Planning Policy (ODPM, 2002), by systematically interrogating the affordable housing definitions of 51 Local Planning Authorities in England. LPA housing and planning documents were scrutinised in respect of the local definition of affordable housing, whether it conformed to the Governments 'new' PPS3 definition, the thresholds set at which the requirement for affordable housing is triggered and the target level at which Section 106 contributions are set. The findings indicate that although Local Planning Authority definitions of affordable housing have improved in terms of their quality, precision and clarity, one in five LPAs still did not provide a concise definition of affordable housing.
The study aims to evaluate how EZ office and industrial developments have fared since expiry, bui... more The study aims to evaluate how EZ office and industrial developments have fared since expiry, building upon previous GIS modelling of office and industrial occupier chains and property market filtering in Tyne and Wear (see Greenhalgh and King, 2010a/b & 2012). This paper presents findings from the preliminary analysis of data compiled from an extensive survey undertaken in spring 2012, of occupiers of over 400 office and industrial premises on developments constructed within the four aforementioned EZs. The resulting data has been compared against occupier survey data compiled in 2000/01, providing a longitudinal comparative evaluation of the performance of the four zones post expiry. A Geographic Information System (GIS) has been created to provide a deeper understanding of the comparative performance of different EZ developments, model their wider spatial impact, capture the re-adjustment of local property markets and measure the decay of the two-tier on and off-zone markets over...
Purpose Many national retailers have complained about increases in business rates tax bills since... more Purpose Many national retailers have complained about increases in business rates tax bills since the 2017 revaluation. What impact has the 2017 business rates revaluation had on independent high street retailers in market towns in the north of England? The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach The study uses Valuation Office Agency rating list data to determine rateable value and business rates payable for independent high street retailers in eight northern market towns either side of the 2017 rating revaluation. The data were analysed using business rates matrices to reveal the impact of the new rating list on independent retailers in the eight locations. Findings Analysis reveals that the majority of independent retailers in the northern market towns sampled have experienced reductions in both the rateable value of their premises and business rates payable. Increase in the rates relief threshold has extended relief to almost half of the independent retai...
•Finding ways to involve FSPs in the discussions about the sustainability of the market, so that ... more •Finding ways to involve FSPs in the discussions about the sustainability of the market, so that each side properly understands the other’s interests. •Police forces could give up some of their autonomy over their procurement strategies, so that the timing of procurements, lengths of contracts etc. can be co-ordinated, to keep the costs down for everyone while ensuring there is fair and effective competition. •Developing and agreeing a way of investing in R&D which works for all parties.
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of the introduction of the busines... more Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of the introduction of the business rates retention scheme (BRRS) in England which transferred financial liability for backdated appeals to LAs. Under the original scheme, business rates revenue, mandatory relief and liability for successful appeals is spilt 50/50 between central government and local government which both share the rewards of growth and bear the risk of losses. Design/methodology/approach The research adopts a microanalysis approach into researching local government finance, conducting a case study of Leeds, to investigate the impact of appeals liability and reveal disparities in impact, through detailed examination of multiple perspectives in one of the largest cities in the UK. Findings The case study reveals that Leeds, despite having a buoyant commercial economy driven by retail and service sector growth, has been detrimentally impacted by BRRS as backdated appeals have outweighed uplift in business ...
Recently, Adams and Tiesdell (2010), Tewdwr-Jones (2012) and Batty (2013) have outlined the impor... more Recently, Adams and Tiesdell (2010), Tewdwr-Jones (2012) and Batty (2013) have outlined the importance of information and intelligence in relation to the mediation and management of land, property and urban consumers in the future city. Traditionally, the challenge for urban planners was the generation of meaningful and timely information. Today, the urban planners’ challenge is no longer the timely generation of urban data, rather, it is in relation to how so much information can be exploited and integrated successfully into contemporary spatial planning and governance. The paper investigates this challenge through a commentary on two City Information Modelling (CIM) case studies at Northumbria University, UK. This commentary is grouped around four key themes, <em>Accessibility and availability of data, accuracy and consistency of data, manageability of data </em>and<em> integration of data. </em>It is also designed to provoke discussion in relation to the e...
In September 2010, following an endorsement by Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg at the Liberal De... more In September 2010, following an endorsement by Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg at the Liberal Democrat Party Conference, HM Treasury released a press statement confirming that TIF would be introduced in the UK.1 It stated that Treasury and local authorities would work together in order to design a framework of rules within which TIF would operate. This research investigates what this framework of rules may comprise and how it may operate in the UK. There is surprising neglect, in literature on TIF, of what local authorities think about it and its potential to facilitate regeneration projects. A survey of 200 local authorities in the UK was conducted, complemented by interviews with local authority officers in Scotland, where pilot TIF projects are already under way. The research focuses in particular on the approval process necessary to ensure viable TIF schemes are identified and progressed, how these schemes are managed and financed, and what the main risks are for local authorities. Of primary concern to LA officers is the financial viability of a project, followed by its long-term commercial viability, overall cost, value for money and impact on surrounding areas. The main risks are identified as being that: the uplift in business rates is insufficient to cover the cost of the loan; TIF does not work in areas of greatest need; private sector investment fails to materialise; and displacement is generated. The paper concludes that such risks may be mitigated by adopting a rigorous appraisal process and robust management structure, and predicts that a two-tier TIF approval process, with similarities to that employed by the Scottish TIF pilots, may emerge.
The presentation covered the following themes: 1. what do we mean by civic financialisation? 2. B... more The presentation covered the following themes: 1. what do we mean by civic financialisation? 2. Business Rates Retention Scheme 3. Influence of real estate markets 4. Importance of geography and economic structure 5. A better future: the rate escape 6. Summary & future research
Presentation covers the following: 1. Vocabulary of business rates 2. Business rates revaluation ... more Presentation covers the following: 1. Vocabulary of business rates 2. Business rates revaluation 2017 3. Transitional relief 4. Check, challenge appeal process 5. Wider business rates reform 6. Intelligence
Presentation covers the following themes: 1. origin of project 2. how project was conducted 3. wh... more Presentation covers the following themes: 1. origin of project 2. how project was conducted 3. what has been produced 4. why it is important
A review of progress on the Further Education building programme, identifying the main focus of t... more A review of progress on the Further Education building programme, identifying the main focus of the college developments in relation to regeneration and planning and the conditions that may have contributed to the funding crisis. A thorough literature review was undertaken, and a database compiled, containing information on college developments. Four themes were identified as most relevant to the Built Environment: funding of new college buildings; consolidation on one site and anchoring of regeneration projects; project procurement and delivery, and environmentally sustainable buildings. Four case study examples of colleges have been selected: Middlesbrough, Gateshead, Luton and Sussex Coast College Hastings, all examples of large college projects with a national spread.
The presentation shines a light on those parts of the commercial property market that no one talk... more The presentation shines a light on those parts of the commercial property market that no one talks about and asks the question: why, when we build buildings to last forever, do they become obsolete in a few years? We argue that office development and market conventions need to embed the concept of agility in order to benefit from the new economy.
We consider how the performance of commercial real estate will become vital to local authorities ... more We consider how the performance of commercial real estate will become vital to local authorities in England as they transition from 50% to 100% Business Rate Retention by 2020
Emine Mine Thompson and Paul Greenhalgh explain how Virtual NewcastleGateshead is integrating day... more Emine Mine Thompson and Paul Greenhalgh explain how Virtual NewcastleGateshead is integrating daya sets in its quest to engage citizens in a smart city model
Conversion and adaptation are essential to keeping pace with a dynamic real estate market, argue ... more Conversion and adaptation are essential to keeping pace with a dynamic real estate market, argue Dr Kevin Muldoon-Smith and Dr Paul Greenhalgh.
This paper examines whether Local Planning Authority definitions of affordable housing provide ad... more This paper examines whether Local Planning Authority definitions of affordable housing provide adequate clarity with which to negotiate affordable housing contributions with private sector house builders. The paper updates Government research, Delivering Affordable Housing through Planning Policy (ODPM, 2002), by systematically interrogating the affordable housing definitions of 51 Local Planning Authorities in England. LPA housing and planning documents were scrutinised in respect of the local definition of affordable housing, whether it conformed to the Governments 'new' PPS3 definition, the thresholds set at which the requirement for affordable housing is triggered and the target level at which Section 106 contributions are set. The findings indicate that although Local Planning Authority definitions of affordable housing have improved in terms of their quality, precision and clarity, one in five LPAs still did not provide a concise definition of affordable housing.
The study aims to evaluate how EZ office and industrial developments have fared since expiry, bui... more The study aims to evaluate how EZ office and industrial developments have fared since expiry, building upon previous GIS modelling of office and industrial occupier chains and property market filtering in Tyne and Wear (see Greenhalgh and King, 2010a/b & 2012). This paper presents findings from the preliminary analysis of data compiled from an extensive survey undertaken in spring 2012, of occupiers of over 400 office and industrial premises on developments constructed within the four aforementioned EZs. The resulting data has been compared against occupier survey data compiled in 2000/01, providing a longitudinal comparative evaluation of the performance of the four zones post expiry. A Geographic Information System (GIS) has been created to provide a deeper understanding of the comparative performance of different EZ developments, model their wider spatial impact, capture the re-adjustment of local property markets and measure the decay of the two-tier on and off-zone markets over...
Purpose Many national retailers have complained about increases in business rates tax bills since... more Purpose Many national retailers have complained about increases in business rates tax bills since the 2017 revaluation. What impact has the 2017 business rates revaluation had on independent high street retailers in market towns in the north of England? The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach The study uses Valuation Office Agency rating list data to determine rateable value and business rates payable for independent high street retailers in eight northern market towns either side of the 2017 rating revaluation. The data were analysed using business rates matrices to reveal the impact of the new rating list on independent retailers in the eight locations. Findings Analysis reveals that the majority of independent retailers in the northern market towns sampled have experienced reductions in both the rateable value of their premises and business rates payable. Increase in the rates relief threshold has extended relief to almost half of the independent retai...
•Finding ways to involve FSPs in the discussions about the sustainability of the market, so that ... more •Finding ways to involve FSPs in the discussions about the sustainability of the market, so that each side properly understands the other’s interests. •Police forces could give up some of their autonomy over their procurement strategies, so that the timing of procurements, lengths of contracts etc. can be co-ordinated, to keep the costs down for everyone while ensuring there is fair and effective competition. •Developing and agreeing a way of investing in R&D which works for all parties.
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of the introduction of the busines... more Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of the introduction of the business rates retention scheme (BRRS) in England which transferred financial liability for backdated appeals to LAs. Under the original scheme, business rates revenue, mandatory relief and liability for successful appeals is spilt 50/50 between central government and local government which both share the rewards of growth and bear the risk of losses. Design/methodology/approach The research adopts a microanalysis approach into researching local government finance, conducting a case study of Leeds, to investigate the impact of appeals liability and reveal disparities in impact, through detailed examination of multiple perspectives in one of the largest cities in the UK. Findings The case study reveals that Leeds, despite having a buoyant commercial economy driven by retail and service sector growth, has been detrimentally impacted by BRRS as backdated appeals have outweighed uplift in business ...
Recently, Adams and Tiesdell (2010), Tewdwr-Jones (2012) and Batty (2013) have outlined the impor... more Recently, Adams and Tiesdell (2010), Tewdwr-Jones (2012) and Batty (2013) have outlined the importance of information and intelligence in relation to the mediation and management of land, property and urban consumers in the future city. Traditionally, the challenge for urban planners was the generation of meaningful and timely information. Today, the urban planners’ challenge is no longer the timely generation of urban data, rather, it is in relation to how so much information can be exploited and integrated successfully into contemporary spatial planning and governance. The paper investigates this challenge through a commentary on two City Information Modelling (CIM) case studies at Northumbria University, UK. This commentary is grouped around four key themes, <em>Accessibility and availability of data, accuracy and consistency of data, manageability of data </em>and<em> integration of data. </em>It is also designed to provoke discussion in relation to the e...
In September 2010, following an endorsement by Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg at the Liberal De... more In September 2010, following an endorsement by Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg at the Liberal Democrat Party Conference, HM Treasury released a press statement confirming that TIF would be introduced in the UK.1 It stated that Treasury and local authorities would work together in order to design a framework of rules within which TIF would operate. This research investigates what this framework of rules may comprise and how it may operate in the UK. There is surprising neglect, in literature on TIF, of what local authorities think about it and its potential to facilitate regeneration projects. A survey of 200 local authorities in the UK was conducted, complemented by interviews with local authority officers in Scotland, where pilot TIF projects are already under way. The research focuses in particular on the approval process necessary to ensure viable TIF schemes are identified and progressed, how these schemes are managed and financed, and what the main risks are for local authorities. Of primary concern to LA officers is the financial viability of a project, followed by its long-term commercial viability, overall cost, value for money and impact on surrounding areas. The main risks are identified as being that: the uplift in business rates is insufficient to cover the cost of the loan; TIF does not work in areas of greatest need; private sector investment fails to materialise; and displacement is generated. The paper concludes that such risks may be mitigated by adopting a rigorous appraisal process and robust management structure, and predicts that a two-tier TIF approval process, with similarities to that employed by the Scottish TIF pilots, may emerge.
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