The purpose of the study is to investigate the factors effecting brand switching behavior of cust... more The purpose of the study is to investigate the factors effecting brand switching behavior of customers in the telecommunication industry of Pakistan. The study is conducted in Faisalabad city. A quantitative approach has been employed to measure the relationships between the variables of the study. Primary data was collected through a Questionnaire. The sample of 204 respondents were selected on the basis of convenient sampling. SPSS was used to record and compute data. The Regression analysis, reliability, and Correlation tests were applied in order to test research hypothesis. The findings reveal that price, brand image, network quality, value-added services, and promotional activities directly influence consumer switching behavior among youngsters. The outcomes of the research can help telecommunication companies in deciding what factors are more important to keep customers loyal and to discourage brand switching.
ERN: Other Monetary Economics: Financial System & Institutions (Topic), 2015
Banks play an important and vital role in the development of the economies. Its importance can’t ... more Banks play an important and vital role in the development of the economies. Its importance can’t be neglected. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of internal and external causes which affect the profitability. Internal causes include Size (LnTA), Capital (CAP), Liquidity (LQD), debt to equity ratio (DE), Non performing loan to Gross advances (NPL), portfolio composition (PC), Loan to Total Assets (LA) whereas external causes include Gross Domestic Product(GDP), Inflation(INF), and Unemployment (UNMP). Return on Assets and Return on Equity are used as a measure of profitability. Data is collected for twelve (12) variables of twenty one (21) banks including four (4) public and seventeen (17) private banks, for the year of 2006-2011, from the annual reports of banks, index mundi and financial statement analysis of State Bank of Pakistan (SBP). EViews is used for deriving the results of descriptive, correlation and panel Regression analysis. Results show that size has po...
Behavioral finance provides a better understanding and elaborates how attitude and cognitive erro... more Behavioral finance provides a better understanding and elaborates how attitude and cognitive errors affect investors as well as entrepreneurs or other decision makers. The primary objective of this study is to find those behavioral biases which impact the firm’s performance and managerial, financial decision-making process through the mediating role of entrepreneurial innovations. This study predominantly focused on four biases that entrepreneurs apparently exhibit in their decisions. The survey questionnaire technique was used to collect data for research and analysis; data were collected from 109 respondents which include entrepreneurs and managers from non-financial firms of Pakistan. SEM-AMOS 21 was used to analyze the structural model. The finding shows that innovative organizations often predict the low tendency of overconfidence and usually are risk-averse in their financial decision. But the current study shows that innovative organizations can enhance the profitable perform...
Capital Markets: Asset Pricing & Valuation eJournal, 2018
This study conducts empirical analyses modeling the volatility of Pakistani stock market over the... more This study conducts empirical analyses modeling the volatility of Pakistani stock market over the period of 1st January 2008 to 30th June 2018 via different GARCH type Model; Symmetric (GARCH & GARCH-M) and Asymmetric (EGARCH & TGARCH) with five different Distribution Techniques such as Normal Distribution (Norm), Student’s t Distribution (Std.), Generalized Error Distribution (GED), Student’s t Distribution with fix the degree of freedom (Std. with fix DOF) and Generalized Error Distribution with fix parameters (GED with fix parameters). The results are shown in GARCH (1, 1) lagged conditional variance and squared disturbance which effects conditional variance is significant in all distribution. GARCH-M (1, 1) depicts a positive significant at 1% results in Std. and GED which indicates the existence of risk premium and insignificant in rest of the distribution on. EGARCH and TGARCH both are found to leverage effect significant at 1% level. In determining the accuracy and adequacy ...
PurposeThe basic intention of this research is to investigate the role of information transparenc... more PurposeThe basic intention of this research is to investigate the role of information transparency of financial institutions and psychological attitude of the individuals toward their attention to saving and borrowing. This study also tries to know how an individual's psychological factor affects a person's attitude to motivate them to save or borrow and contribute to well-being by giving them confidence that they can face financial challenges. So, the main concern of this study is to explore different factors that ultimately contribute to the financial well-being (FWB) of individual.Design/methodology/approachA survey was conducted by using a well-structured questionnaire to collect data and test the developed hypotheses by using SmartPLS. Data were collected from 120 customers of seven different commercial banks in Pakistan.FindingsThe findings of this study show that perceived information transparency positively affects FWB. It is also because transparent shared informati...
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2021
The multi-dimensional pollutions in the earth zone due to the degradation of the environmental le... more The multi-dimensional pollutions in the earth zone due to the degradation of the environmental levels have been emerging as an urgent issue in the developing economies. The BRICS group of countries holds a unique position in the emerging economies, playing a leading role in reinforcing political power globally and domestically. This study examines the annual time series over the period of 1971–2017 for Brazil, India, China, and South Africa, and 1990–2017 for Russia, to explore the relationship between environmental quality and economic growth in correspondence with the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis as well as the Decoupling Index (DI). The presence of an EKC strongly supports any of the individualistic environmental determinants effected in the long run by Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL), building linkage with the approach of the co-integration and the DI, which brings about economic growth as well as CO2 emission and environmental degradation simultaneously. A short-run relationship and presence of the EKC hypothesis are observed in Brazil, Russia, and India with 92%, while China’s (55%) and South Africa’s (79%) have a slower speed of adjustment to long-run equilibrium. This study concludes that economic expansion and environmental degradation are interrelated in the long run. Environment degradation (CO2 emission) can be eradicated by continuous economic growth, management of energy demands and energy crises, implementation of environmentally sustainable policies, application of green technologies for the use of natural resources, and controllability of urban population growth with immediate and effective actions.
Purpose of the study: This study was planned to explore the perception of the business community ... more Purpose of the study: This study was planned to explore the perception of the business community and their requirement for the skills they see most demanding in business graduates. Methodology: For this purpose, data were collected from a hundred senior business executives across various industries such as textile and cellular industries to document their perception and requirement. Collected data has been analyzed through statistical techniques and Exploratory Factor Analysis and Mean Attribute Scores. Main Findings: Study results revealed that the business community seeks seven skills in business graduates, namely, organization skills, interpersonal skills, Ability to analyze skills, problem-solving skills, Ability to think skills, thinking about alternative skills, and strategic planning skills while the Ability to think has been found most demanding talent in the business community. Applications of this study: This study provides guidelines to the Academia, and industry in devis...
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Research, 2020
Successful marketing and promotion strategies achieve customer development, profitability, and lo... more Successful marketing and promotion strategies achieve customer development, profitability, and long-term company success. Present markets become more competitive through changing markets, globalization, and innovative technology, which have rapidly changed the business world. Platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube are pushing marketing companies toward a new direction using social media marketing. Social media has penetrated so deeply into millions of people’s lives worldwide that it has also attracted marketers’ attention. This study will help determine how it influences Pakistani consumers’ purchase intentions. This research used a quantitative method based on primary data. The data was collected from Faisalabad, and the sample size was 250 participants. Among the 250 questionnaires, 190 are useable. The results show that trust and social media influence significantly affect consumers’ purchase intentions. Data analysis reveals that social media marketing has a greater infl...
International Journal of Information Systems and Supply Chain Management, 2020
In this research, the quantification of supply chain risk has been investigated from the perspect... more In this research, the quantification of supply chain risk has been investigated from the perspectives of the buyer. The objective of this research article is to investigate numerous risks that affect the aviation supply chain (ASC) performance and to develop a proposed framework to measure the overall supply chain risk index by considering the importance of each risk. Aviation industry is at higher level of risks, that's why the researchers have identified the most serious 10 supply chain risks (SCRs) in this industry. In order to tackle with this key problem, an indexing system for comprehensive risk evaluation has been developed, which captures the ratings and weights for risk factors, namely occurrence probability, severity of impact, and ease of mitigation, encountered by a holistic supply chain in a given scenario. In this context, to quantify the risks in a supply chain, the researchers have formulated as a fuzzy multi-attribute group decision making (FMAGDM) model, based ...
The demand of cotton is increasing but its low production rate cannot fulfill the world requireme... more The demand of cotton is increasing but its low production rate cannot fulfill the world requirements. The increase in cotton demand has augmented the production of regenerated cellulosic fibers. Furthermore, cotton has proved to be unsustainable because of the use of huge amount of fresh water, pesticides and insecticides. The purpose of this work is to find out the suitable blend/blends of regenerated fibers so as to replace 100% cotton fabrics. Therefore, mechanical and comfort properties of Tencel fabrics blended with other regenerated cellulose fibers have been compared with 100% cotton to achieve the equivalent or even better end properties. Hence, cotton, viscose, Tencel, modal, and bamboo fibers were taken. Plain woven blended fabrics of 100% cotton and 50:50 blends of Tencel with other regenerated fibers were prepared from normal yarn count of 20 tex. The mechanical properties (warp-wise and weft-wise tensile and tear strengths, pilling, and abrasion resistance) and the comf...
International Journal of Accounting and Financial Reporting, 2015
This paper is based on the comparison of Pakistani open-ended and close-ended mutual funds perfor... more This paper is based on the comparison of Pakistani open-ended and close-ended mutual funds performance. That study focus on income, balance and equity schemes of open-ended and close-ended mutual funds. The performance of these funds evaluates using Sortino measure, Shrape measure, Treynor measure, Jenssen differtial measure and Inforamtion measure. The sample for the study consists of 73 funds from 2007 to 2012. Results show open-ended mutual funds performance is better than close-ended mutual funds. KSE (market portfolio) performance is grater over the all sample base mutual funds. Most risk adjusted funds returns are negative, which probably due to mutual fund industry set back by financial crisis during sample period.
The purpose of the study is to investigate the factors effecting brand switching behavior of cust... more The purpose of the study is to investigate the factors effecting brand switching behavior of customers in the telecommunication industry of Pakistan. The study is conducted in Faisalabad city. A quantitative approach has been employed to measure the relationships between the variables of the study. Primary data was collected through a Questionnaire. The sample of 204 respondents were selected on the basis of convenient sampling. SPSS was used to record and compute data. The Regression analysis, reliability, and Correlation tests were applied in order to test research hypothesis. The findings reveal that price, brand image, network quality, value-added services, and promotional activities directly influence consumer switching behavior among youngsters. The outcomes of the research can help telecommunication companies in deciding what factors are more important to keep customers loyal and to discourage brand switching.
ERN: Other Monetary Economics: Financial System & Institutions (Topic), 2015
Banks play an important and vital role in the development of the economies. Its importance can’t ... more Banks play an important and vital role in the development of the economies. Its importance can’t be neglected. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of internal and external causes which affect the profitability. Internal causes include Size (LnTA), Capital (CAP), Liquidity (LQD), debt to equity ratio (DE), Non performing loan to Gross advances (NPL), portfolio composition (PC), Loan to Total Assets (LA) whereas external causes include Gross Domestic Product(GDP), Inflation(INF), and Unemployment (UNMP). Return on Assets and Return on Equity are used as a measure of profitability. Data is collected for twelve (12) variables of twenty one (21) banks including four (4) public and seventeen (17) private banks, for the year of 2006-2011, from the annual reports of banks, index mundi and financial statement analysis of State Bank of Pakistan (SBP). EViews is used for deriving the results of descriptive, correlation and panel Regression analysis. Results show that size has po...
Behavioral finance provides a better understanding and elaborates how attitude and cognitive erro... more Behavioral finance provides a better understanding and elaborates how attitude and cognitive errors affect investors as well as entrepreneurs or other decision makers. The primary objective of this study is to find those behavioral biases which impact the firm’s performance and managerial, financial decision-making process through the mediating role of entrepreneurial innovations. This study predominantly focused on four biases that entrepreneurs apparently exhibit in their decisions. The survey questionnaire technique was used to collect data for research and analysis; data were collected from 109 respondents which include entrepreneurs and managers from non-financial firms of Pakistan. SEM-AMOS 21 was used to analyze the structural model. The finding shows that innovative organizations often predict the low tendency of overconfidence and usually are risk-averse in their financial decision. But the current study shows that innovative organizations can enhance the profitable perform...
Capital Markets: Asset Pricing & Valuation eJournal, 2018
This study conducts empirical analyses modeling the volatility of Pakistani stock market over the... more This study conducts empirical analyses modeling the volatility of Pakistani stock market over the period of 1st January 2008 to 30th June 2018 via different GARCH type Model; Symmetric (GARCH & GARCH-M) and Asymmetric (EGARCH & TGARCH) with five different Distribution Techniques such as Normal Distribution (Norm), Student’s t Distribution (Std.), Generalized Error Distribution (GED), Student’s t Distribution with fix the degree of freedom (Std. with fix DOF) and Generalized Error Distribution with fix parameters (GED with fix parameters). The results are shown in GARCH (1, 1) lagged conditional variance and squared disturbance which effects conditional variance is significant in all distribution. GARCH-M (1, 1) depicts a positive significant at 1% results in Std. and GED which indicates the existence of risk premium and insignificant in rest of the distribution on. EGARCH and TGARCH both are found to leverage effect significant at 1% level. In determining the accuracy and adequacy ...
PurposeThe basic intention of this research is to investigate the role of information transparenc... more PurposeThe basic intention of this research is to investigate the role of information transparency of financial institutions and psychological attitude of the individuals toward their attention to saving and borrowing. This study also tries to know how an individual's psychological factor affects a person's attitude to motivate them to save or borrow and contribute to well-being by giving them confidence that they can face financial challenges. So, the main concern of this study is to explore different factors that ultimately contribute to the financial well-being (FWB) of individual.Design/methodology/approachA survey was conducted by using a well-structured questionnaire to collect data and test the developed hypotheses by using SmartPLS. Data were collected from 120 customers of seven different commercial banks in Pakistan.FindingsThe findings of this study show that perceived information transparency positively affects FWB. It is also because transparent shared informati...
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2021
The multi-dimensional pollutions in the earth zone due to the degradation of the environmental le... more The multi-dimensional pollutions in the earth zone due to the degradation of the environmental levels have been emerging as an urgent issue in the developing economies. The BRICS group of countries holds a unique position in the emerging economies, playing a leading role in reinforcing political power globally and domestically. This study examines the annual time series over the period of 1971–2017 for Brazil, India, China, and South Africa, and 1990–2017 for Russia, to explore the relationship between environmental quality and economic growth in correspondence with the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis as well as the Decoupling Index (DI). The presence of an EKC strongly supports any of the individualistic environmental determinants effected in the long run by Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL), building linkage with the approach of the co-integration and the DI, which brings about economic growth as well as CO2 emission and environmental degradation simultaneously. A short-run relationship and presence of the EKC hypothesis are observed in Brazil, Russia, and India with 92%, while China’s (55%) and South Africa’s (79%) have a slower speed of adjustment to long-run equilibrium. This study concludes that economic expansion and environmental degradation are interrelated in the long run. Environment degradation (CO2 emission) can be eradicated by continuous economic growth, management of energy demands and energy crises, implementation of environmentally sustainable policies, application of green technologies for the use of natural resources, and controllability of urban population growth with immediate and effective actions.
Purpose of the study: This study was planned to explore the perception of the business community ... more Purpose of the study: This study was planned to explore the perception of the business community and their requirement for the skills they see most demanding in business graduates. Methodology: For this purpose, data were collected from a hundred senior business executives across various industries such as textile and cellular industries to document their perception and requirement. Collected data has been analyzed through statistical techniques and Exploratory Factor Analysis and Mean Attribute Scores. Main Findings: Study results revealed that the business community seeks seven skills in business graduates, namely, organization skills, interpersonal skills, Ability to analyze skills, problem-solving skills, Ability to think skills, thinking about alternative skills, and strategic planning skills while the Ability to think has been found most demanding talent in the business community. Applications of this study: This study provides guidelines to the Academia, and industry in devis...
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Research, 2020
Successful marketing and promotion strategies achieve customer development, profitability, and lo... more Successful marketing and promotion strategies achieve customer development, profitability, and long-term company success. Present markets become more competitive through changing markets, globalization, and innovative technology, which have rapidly changed the business world. Platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube are pushing marketing companies toward a new direction using social media marketing. Social media has penetrated so deeply into millions of people’s lives worldwide that it has also attracted marketers’ attention. This study will help determine how it influences Pakistani consumers’ purchase intentions. This research used a quantitative method based on primary data. The data was collected from Faisalabad, and the sample size was 250 participants. Among the 250 questionnaires, 190 are useable. The results show that trust and social media influence significantly affect consumers’ purchase intentions. Data analysis reveals that social media marketing has a greater infl...
International Journal of Information Systems and Supply Chain Management, 2020
In this research, the quantification of supply chain risk has been investigated from the perspect... more In this research, the quantification of supply chain risk has been investigated from the perspectives of the buyer. The objective of this research article is to investigate numerous risks that affect the aviation supply chain (ASC) performance and to develop a proposed framework to measure the overall supply chain risk index by considering the importance of each risk. Aviation industry is at higher level of risks, that's why the researchers have identified the most serious 10 supply chain risks (SCRs) in this industry. In order to tackle with this key problem, an indexing system for comprehensive risk evaluation has been developed, which captures the ratings and weights for risk factors, namely occurrence probability, severity of impact, and ease of mitigation, encountered by a holistic supply chain in a given scenario. In this context, to quantify the risks in a supply chain, the researchers have formulated as a fuzzy multi-attribute group decision making (FMAGDM) model, based ...
The demand of cotton is increasing but its low production rate cannot fulfill the world requireme... more The demand of cotton is increasing but its low production rate cannot fulfill the world requirements. The increase in cotton demand has augmented the production of regenerated cellulosic fibers. Furthermore, cotton has proved to be unsustainable because of the use of huge amount of fresh water, pesticides and insecticides. The purpose of this work is to find out the suitable blend/blends of regenerated fibers so as to replace 100% cotton fabrics. Therefore, mechanical and comfort properties of Tencel fabrics blended with other regenerated cellulose fibers have been compared with 100% cotton to achieve the equivalent or even better end properties. Hence, cotton, viscose, Tencel, modal, and bamboo fibers were taken. Plain woven blended fabrics of 100% cotton and 50:50 blends of Tencel with other regenerated fibers were prepared from normal yarn count of 20 tex. The mechanical properties (warp-wise and weft-wise tensile and tear strengths, pilling, and abrasion resistance) and the comf...
International Journal of Accounting and Financial Reporting, 2015
This paper is based on the comparison of Pakistani open-ended and close-ended mutual funds perfor... more This paper is based on the comparison of Pakistani open-ended and close-ended mutual funds performance. That study focus on income, balance and equity schemes of open-ended and close-ended mutual funds. The performance of these funds evaluates using Sortino measure, Shrape measure, Treynor measure, Jenssen differtial measure and Inforamtion measure. The sample for the study consists of 73 funds from 2007 to 2012. Results show open-ended mutual funds performance is better than close-ended mutual funds. KSE (market portfolio) performance is grater over the all sample base mutual funds. Most risk adjusted funds returns are negative, which probably due to mutual fund industry set back by financial crisis during sample period.
Uploads