The structure of the electrode material has been found to affect the electrochemical performance ... more The structure of the electrode material has been found to affect the electrochemical performance of rechargeable batteries. Thus, stable structured materials with large tunnels can provide long cyc...
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are broadly assembled in two ways, i.e., regular (n–i–p) and invert... more Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are broadly assembled in two ways, i.e., regular (n–i–p) and inverted (p–i–n) structures.
Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare malignant neoplasm of the parathyroid glands which results in enl... more Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare malignant neoplasm of the parathyroid glands which results in enlargement and excessive production of parathyroid hormone (PTH) responsible for pathologically raising calcium levels in the blood resulting in bone pain/fractures, renal stones and other signs of hypercalcaemia. A 37 year old woman presented with sudden, spontaneous bone pain and fracture of the right femoral shaft. This unusual presentation was explained by extremely high PTH levels and hypercalcaemia in the blood and a hard, solitary mass palpable in the neck. During surgical excision of this mass, finding of several adhesions, possible capsular invasion and lymph node enlargement led to a diagnosis of parathyroid carcinoma. The neoplasm proliferates via adenoma-carcinoma sequence so early diagnosis and prompt surgical excision with post-operative care may provide palliation and keep recurrences in check. Pancreas and pituitary evaluation is also necessary as this presentation may be a part of Wermer (MEN-1) syndrome. .
Perovskite solar cells (PSC) have shown a rapid increase in efficiency than other photovoltaic te... more Perovskite solar cells (PSC) have shown a rapid increase in efficiency than other photovoltaic technology. Despite its success in terms of efficiency, this technology is inundated with numerous challenges hindering the progress towards commercial viability. The crucial one is the anomalous hysteresis observed in the photocurrent density‐voltage (J−V) response in PSC. The hysteresis phenomenon in the solar cell presents a challenge for determining the accurate power conversion efficiency of the device. A detailed investigation of the fundamental origin of hysteresis behavior in the device and its associated mechanisms is highly crucial. Though numerous theories have been proposed to explain the causes of hysteresis, its origin includes slow transient capacitive current, trapping, and de‐trapping process, ion migrations, and ferroelectric polarization. The remaining issues and future research required toward the understanding of hysteresis in PSC device is also discussed.
Abstract Magnetic nanoparticles are gaining growing interest for biomedical applications in recen... more Abstract Magnetic nanoparticles are gaining growing interest for biomedical applications in recent times. Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have unique surface chemistry with controlled morphology and size that paved its way for modern applications. The chapter starts with a brief discussion of the synthesis methodologies employed for magnetic nanoparticles. Importance of modification of surface of magnetic nanoparticles is discussed along with advantages and disadvantages of different strategies for this purpose. Finally, latest applications of magnetic nanoparticles are elaborated. The biomedical applications discussed in this write-up include cellular labeling, detoxification of biological fluids, tissue repair, magnetic resonance imaging, drug delivery, hyperthermia, and magnetofection. This chapter consists of a blend of basic background knowledge of the magnetic IONPs and their modern applications in biomedical field.
Matricaria Chamomilla is one of the most popular old times herbal medicine which is known to mank... more Matricaria Chamomilla is one of the most popular old times herbal medicine which is known to mankind. This plant is a member of the Asteraceae family and is named by two common species, German and Roman kind. The dried flowers and extracts of chamomile plant contain many terpenoids and flavonoids including luteoline and epigenin which plays a vital role in protective effects against chronic diseases including Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus and Breast Cancer. Recent reports of 2015 have shown that prevalence of these two diseases has increased death rate globally as well as in Pakistan. Chamomile tea and other extracts containing its bioactive components (luteolin and epigenin) are used in many experimental studies for investigating their effect against diabetes and cancer cells. This review on inhibitory effects of chamomile plant in diabetes and cancer includes many latest researches, in which studies investigated human cells and rat cells. Subjects in the form of groups or individuals were given chamomile extracts to observe the effect on glycemic index in diabetes and induced apoptosis of cancer cells. It was viewed that chamomile extracts showed remarkable effect on glycemic index and induced apoptosis to inhibit cancer cells growth. These all studies were conducted in past 4 years and have detailed beneficial effects of chamomile as a herbal medicine. In this review chamomile’s origin, nutritional content, herbal properties and latest researches over inhibitory effects on diabetes and cancer cell growth are being highlighted.
Abstract Many of the recent developments in optical nanosensors have led to tuning the analytical... more Abstract Many of the recent developments in optical nanosensors have led to tuning the analytical performance of these devices to physiological concentration ranges. Optical nanosensors that measure amplitude, energy, polarization, decay time and decay phase of absorption, phosphorescence, fluorescence, Raman scattering, refraction, interference, and dispersion are extensively used for the detection of pharmaceuticals. The use of highly selective and sensitive nanomaterials-based optical sensors for the detection of disease biomarkers has maximized the chances of early-stage diagnosis of various diseases. Optical nanosensors have attracted a lot of interest for quantifying and measuring disease biomarkers, small molecule proteins, and peptides, as well as for ion concentrations and drug detection. This chapter covers the recent advances in terms of fiber optic-based plasmonic nanosensors along with optical spectroscopy, such as luminescence or colorimetric spectroscopy, and their applications in pharmaceuticals and medicinal biology.
Abstract Sensors are devices that detect a physical, chemical, or biological stimulus and give a ... more Abstract Sensors are devices that detect a physical, chemical, or biological stimulus and give a response in the form of a measurable signal. The increasing number of applications for sensing technologies has increased the need for the development of a variety of new sensors with far better performance. Nanoparticles are at the forefront in the fabrication of high-throughput nanosensors for applications ranging from pharmaceuticals to signature nano-based platforms that profile different therapeutic drugs, selective chemicals, and bioassays to environmental analysis by modifying the surface of the electrode for electrochemical detection, offering high sensitivity and selectivity. In this chapter, we will discuss the sensing enhancement impact of a number of nanoparticles, including metals, oxides, and semiconductor-based nanoparticles, mostly employing carbon-based nanoparticles (CNTs, graphene, fullerenes, carbon nanodots, nanowires, and nanodiamonds), dendrimers, and composite nanoparticles on multiple sensors, such as electrochemical, optical, and photoelectrochemical sensors. Moreover, this chapter will offer an introduction to recent developments in the design of nanosensors for trace-level multidrug detection with reproducible results. The ability of electrodes modified with nanomaterials for multianalyte screening and rapid toxicity testing will also be discussed. Moreover, owing to the unique oxidation or reduction potential of every drug, the selectivity of electrochemical sensing platforms based on nanomaterials for the detection of drugs and their metabolites will be highlighted.
The structure of the electrode material has been found to affect the electrochemical performance ... more The structure of the electrode material has been found to affect the electrochemical performance of rechargeable batteries. Thus, stable structured materials with large tunnels can provide long cyc...
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are broadly assembled in two ways, i.e., regular (n–i–p) and invert... more Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are broadly assembled in two ways, i.e., regular (n–i–p) and inverted (p–i–n) structures.
Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare malignant neoplasm of the parathyroid glands which results in enl... more Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare malignant neoplasm of the parathyroid glands which results in enlargement and excessive production of parathyroid hormone (PTH) responsible for pathologically raising calcium levels in the blood resulting in bone pain/fractures, renal stones and other signs of hypercalcaemia. A 37 year old woman presented with sudden, spontaneous bone pain and fracture of the right femoral shaft. This unusual presentation was explained by extremely high PTH levels and hypercalcaemia in the blood and a hard, solitary mass palpable in the neck. During surgical excision of this mass, finding of several adhesions, possible capsular invasion and lymph node enlargement led to a diagnosis of parathyroid carcinoma. The neoplasm proliferates via adenoma-carcinoma sequence so early diagnosis and prompt surgical excision with post-operative care may provide palliation and keep recurrences in check. Pancreas and pituitary evaluation is also necessary as this presentation may be a part of Wermer (MEN-1) syndrome. .
Perovskite solar cells (PSC) have shown a rapid increase in efficiency than other photovoltaic te... more Perovskite solar cells (PSC) have shown a rapid increase in efficiency than other photovoltaic technology. Despite its success in terms of efficiency, this technology is inundated with numerous challenges hindering the progress towards commercial viability. The crucial one is the anomalous hysteresis observed in the photocurrent density‐voltage (J−V) response in PSC. The hysteresis phenomenon in the solar cell presents a challenge for determining the accurate power conversion efficiency of the device. A detailed investigation of the fundamental origin of hysteresis behavior in the device and its associated mechanisms is highly crucial. Though numerous theories have been proposed to explain the causes of hysteresis, its origin includes slow transient capacitive current, trapping, and de‐trapping process, ion migrations, and ferroelectric polarization. The remaining issues and future research required toward the understanding of hysteresis in PSC device is also discussed.
Abstract Magnetic nanoparticles are gaining growing interest for biomedical applications in recen... more Abstract Magnetic nanoparticles are gaining growing interest for biomedical applications in recent times. Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have unique surface chemistry with controlled morphology and size that paved its way for modern applications. The chapter starts with a brief discussion of the synthesis methodologies employed for magnetic nanoparticles. Importance of modification of surface of magnetic nanoparticles is discussed along with advantages and disadvantages of different strategies for this purpose. Finally, latest applications of magnetic nanoparticles are elaborated. The biomedical applications discussed in this write-up include cellular labeling, detoxification of biological fluids, tissue repair, magnetic resonance imaging, drug delivery, hyperthermia, and magnetofection. This chapter consists of a blend of basic background knowledge of the magnetic IONPs and their modern applications in biomedical field.
Matricaria Chamomilla is one of the most popular old times herbal medicine which is known to mank... more Matricaria Chamomilla is one of the most popular old times herbal medicine which is known to mankind. This plant is a member of the Asteraceae family and is named by two common species, German and Roman kind. The dried flowers and extracts of chamomile plant contain many terpenoids and flavonoids including luteoline and epigenin which plays a vital role in protective effects against chronic diseases including Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus and Breast Cancer. Recent reports of 2015 have shown that prevalence of these two diseases has increased death rate globally as well as in Pakistan. Chamomile tea and other extracts containing its bioactive components (luteolin and epigenin) are used in many experimental studies for investigating their effect against diabetes and cancer cells. This review on inhibitory effects of chamomile plant in diabetes and cancer includes many latest researches, in which studies investigated human cells and rat cells. Subjects in the form of groups or individuals were given chamomile extracts to observe the effect on glycemic index in diabetes and induced apoptosis of cancer cells. It was viewed that chamomile extracts showed remarkable effect on glycemic index and induced apoptosis to inhibit cancer cells growth. These all studies were conducted in past 4 years and have detailed beneficial effects of chamomile as a herbal medicine. In this review chamomile’s origin, nutritional content, herbal properties and latest researches over inhibitory effects on diabetes and cancer cell growth are being highlighted.
Abstract Many of the recent developments in optical nanosensors have led to tuning the analytical... more Abstract Many of the recent developments in optical nanosensors have led to tuning the analytical performance of these devices to physiological concentration ranges. Optical nanosensors that measure amplitude, energy, polarization, decay time and decay phase of absorption, phosphorescence, fluorescence, Raman scattering, refraction, interference, and dispersion are extensively used for the detection of pharmaceuticals. The use of highly selective and sensitive nanomaterials-based optical sensors for the detection of disease biomarkers has maximized the chances of early-stage diagnosis of various diseases. Optical nanosensors have attracted a lot of interest for quantifying and measuring disease biomarkers, small molecule proteins, and peptides, as well as for ion concentrations and drug detection. This chapter covers the recent advances in terms of fiber optic-based plasmonic nanosensors along with optical spectroscopy, such as luminescence or colorimetric spectroscopy, and their applications in pharmaceuticals and medicinal biology.
Abstract Sensors are devices that detect a physical, chemical, or biological stimulus and give a ... more Abstract Sensors are devices that detect a physical, chemical, or biological stimulus and give a response in the form of a measurable signal. The increasing number of applications for sensing technologies has increased the need for the development of a variety of new sensors with far better performance. Nanoparticles are at the forefront in the fabrication of high-throughput nanosensors for applications ranging from pharmaceuticals to signature nano-based platforms that profile different therapeutic drugs, selective chemicals, and bioassays to environmental analysis by modifying the surface of the electrode for electrochemical detection, offering high sensitivity and selectivity. In this chapter, we will discuss the sensing enhancement impact of a number of nanoparticles, including metals, oxides, and semiconductor-based nanoparticles, mostly employing carbon-based nanoparticles (CNTs, graphene, fullerenes, carbon nanodots, nanowires, and nanodiamonds), dendrimers, and composite nanoparticles on multiple sensors, such as electrochemical, optical, and photoelectrochemical sensors. Moreover, this chapter will offer an introduction to recent developments in the design of nanosensors for trace-level multidrug detection with reproducible results. The ability of electrodes modified with nanomaterials for multianalyte screening and rapid toxicity testing will also be discussed. Moreover, owing to the unique oxidation or reduction potential of every drug, the selectivity of electrochemical sensing platforms based on nanomaterials for the detection of drugs and their metabolites will be highlighted.
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Papers by Faiza Jan Iftikhar