Thermal residual stresses induced during the manufacturing process such as by diffusion bonding i... more Thermal residual stresses induced during the manufacturing process such as by diffusion bonding in titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V reinforced with silicon carbide fiber (SiC{sub f}) are estimated using a rate dependent finite element elastic-viscoplastic micromechanics analysis. The effect of fiber volume fraction and different cooling procedures on the final stress magnitudes are investigated. Stress values calculated are compared with those obtained using one and three-dimensional analytical models and also with published neutron diffraction experimental results. Agreement between the experimental and the numerical results is encouraging.
Ultrasonic cavitation melt treatment (UST) of aluminium alloys has received considerable attentio... more Ultrasonic cavitation melt treatment (UST) of aluminium alloys has received considerable attention in the metal industry due to its simple and effective processing response. The refined primary intermetallic phases formed in the treated alloys during controlled solidification, govern alloy structural and mechanical properties for applications in the automotive and aerospace industries. Since the UST is performed close to the liquidus temperatures of the alloys, understanding the refinement mechanism of the primary intermetallic phases has been beset by difficulties in imaging and handling of liquid metals. In this paper, the sonofragmentation behaviour of primary intermetallic Al3Zr crystals extracted from the matrix of an Al-3 wt% Zr alloy and fixed on a solid substrate was investigated. The intermetallics were exposed to cavitation action in deionized water at 24 kHz of ultrasound frequency. The fragmentation mechanism from the nearby collapsing cavitation bubbles was studied with...
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 2019
There has been a lot of work done on the analysis of Gaussian loading analysis perhaps because it... more There has been a lot of work done on the analysis of Gaussian loading analysis perhaps because its occurrence is more common than non-Gaussian loading problems. It is nevertheless known that non-Gaussian load occurs in many instances especially in various forms of transport, land, sea and space. Part of the challenge with non-Gaussian loading analysis is the increased number of variables that are needed to model the loading adequately. Artificial neural network approach provides a versatile means to develop models that may require many input variables in order to achieve applicable predictive generalisation capabilities. Artificial neural network has been shown to perform much better than existing frequency domain methods for random fatigue loading under stationary Gaussian load forms especially when mean stress effects are included. This paper presents an artificial neural network model with greater predictive capability than existing frequency domain methods for both Gaussian and ...
Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering, 2017
Continuous fiber reinforced metal matrix composites (MMCs) presents the architecture or arrangeme... more Continuous fiber reinforced metal matrix composites (MMCs) presents the architecture or arrangement of fiber in matrix materials that offer realization of the highest possible mechanical and thermal management properties from the combination. The highest forms of specific stiffness, strength, fatigue and creep resistance are realized in this form of composite compared to particulate and short fiber reinforced MMCs. This chapter presents the types of matrix and fiber materials that are commonly used for the fabrication of long fiber reinforced MMCS. It presents the factors that influence the choice of fiber and matrix for the fabrication and the type of reaction problems that can occur during the high temperature processing that is often required. The types of fabrication methods such as liquid, physical and chemical vapor deposition methods, matrix coated fiber, foil–fiber–foil, and more recently ultrasonic processes are highlighted. The initiatives that have been taken to mitigate deleterious interfacial reaction are discussed. The effects of fiber volume fraction and mismatch of the fiber and the matrix properties on residual stress generated during fabrication and its consequent effects on fatigue and creep are underscored. The potentials of the composite have not been fully realized due to high processing cost. This has reflected in the unstable interests and involvement of manufacturing companies in its production over the years. The chapter lists outstanding suppliers of fibers and long fiber MMCs. Demonstrator components mainly for aerospace and electric power distribution industries are highlighted. Electric power distribution Al/Alumina fiber MMC cables that has become a commercial success case in diverse parts of the world is also presented.
ABSTRACT A computational inverse technique was used in the localization and classification of def... more ABSTRACT A computational inverse technique was used in the localization and classification of defects. Postulated voids of two different sizes (2 mm and 4 mm diameter) were introduced in PMMA bars with and without a notch. The bar dimensions are 200×20×5 mm. One half of them were plain and the other half has a notch (3 mm × 4 mm) which is close to the defect area (19 mm × 16 mm).This analysis was done with an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and its optimization was done with an Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Procedure (ANFIS). A hybrid data base was developed with numerical and experimental results. Synthetic data was generated with the finite element method using SOLID95 element of ANSYS code. A parametric analysis was carried out. Only one defect in such bars was taken into account and the first five natural frequencies were calculated. 460 cases were evaluated. Half of them were plain and the other half has a notch. All the input data was classified in two groups. Each one has 230 cases and corresponds to one of the two sort of voids mentioned above. On the other hand, experimental analysis was carried on with PMMA specimens of the same size. The first two natural frequencies of 40 cases were obtained with one void. The other three frequencies were obtained numerically. 20 of these bars were plain and the others have a notch. These experimental results were introduced in the synthetic data base. 400 cases were taken randomly and, with this information, the ANN was trained with the backpropagation algorithm. The accuracy of the results was tested with the 100 cases that were left. In the next stage of this work, the ANN output was optimized with ANFIS. Previous papers showed that localization and classification of defects was reduced as notches were introduced in such bars. In the case of this paper, improved results were obtained when a hybrid data base was used.
Adhesive bonding of joints in car bodies is known to contribute significantly to increased body s... more Adhesive bonding of joints in car bodies is known to contribute significantly to increased body stiffness. Although analytical techniques are able to give some prediction of this enhancement, the accuracy of the models is limited by the relatively low resolution of the joint details. Numerical models based on finite element analysis have been used to model different joint configurations and
In this paper, we investigate the cavitation-induced erosion and breakdown mechanism of freefloat... more In this paper, we investigate the cavitation-induced erosion and breakdown mechanism of freefloating Al3Zr crystals exposed to ultrasonic vibrations in water at different exposure times using in-situ high-speed imaging technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The post-mortem microstructural examination of the damaged crystals shows that the micron-sized hierarchical crack network structure is initially formed in the outer layer of the crystals. Subsequently, the cracked surface undergoes delamination with subsequent layer-by-layer breakdown into micro-fragments in the range of 5-50 μm. This process is accelerated every time the fragment is dragged into the cavitation zone by the recirculating acoustic flow conditions.
Thermal residual stresses induced during the manufacturing process such as by diffusion bonding i... more Thermal residual stresses induced during the manufacturing process such as by diffusion bonding in titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V reinforced with silicon carbide fiber (SiC{sub f}) are estimated using a rate dependent finite element elastic-viscoplastic micromechanics analysis. The effect of fiber volume fraction and different cooling procedures on the final stress magnitudes are investigated. Stress values calculated are compared with those obtained using one and three-dimensional analytical models and also with published neutron diffraction experimental results. Agreement between the experimental and the numerical results is encouraging.
Ultrasonic cavitation melt treatment (UST) of aluminium alloys has received considerable attentio... more Ultrasonic cavitation melt treatment (UST) of aluminium alloys has received considerable attention in the metal industry due to its simple and effective processing response. The refined primary intermetallic phases formed in the treated alloys during controlled solidification, govern alloy structural and mechanical properties for applications in the automotive and aerospace industries. Since the UST is performed close to the liquidus temperatures of the alloys, understanding the refinement mechanism of the primary intermetallic phases has been beset by difficulties in imaging and handling of liquid metals. In this paper, the sonofragmentation behaviour of primary intermetallic Al3Zr crystals extracted from the matrix of an Al-3 wt% Zr alloy and fixed on a solid substrate was investigated. The intermetallics were exposed to cavitation action in deionized water at 24 kHz of ultrasound frequency. The fragmentation mechanism from the nearby collapsing cavitation bubbles was studied with...
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 2019
There has been a lot of work done on the analysis of Gaussian loading analysis perhaps because it... more There has been a lot of work done on the analysis of Gaussian loading analysis perhaps because its occurrence is more common than non-Gaussian loading problems. It is nevertheless known that non-Gaussian load occurs in many instances especially in various forms of transport, land, sea and space. Part of the challenge with non-Gaussian loading analysis is the increased number of variables that are needed to model the loading adequately. Artificial neural network approach provides a versatile means to develop models that may require many input variables in order to achieve applicable predictive generalisation capabilities. Artificial neural network has been shown to perform much better than existing frequency domain methods for random fatigue loading under stationary Gaussian load forms especially when mean stress effects are included. This paper presents an artificial neural network model with greater predictive capability than existing frequency domain methods for both Gaussian and ...
Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering, 2017
Continuous fiber reinforced metal matrix composites (MMCs) presents the architecture or arrangeme... more Continuous fiber reinforced metal matrix composites (MMCs) presents the architecture or arrangement of fiber in matrix materials that offer realization of the highest possible mechanical and thermal management properties from the combination. The highest forms of specific stiffness, strength, fatigue and creep resistance are realized in this form of composite compared to particulate and short fiber reinforced MMCs. This chapter presents the types of matrix and fiber materials that are commonly used for the fabrication of long fiber reinforced MMCS. It presents the factors that influence the choice of fiber and matrix for the fabrication and the type of reaction problems that can occur during the high temperature processing that is often required. The types of fabrication methods such as liquid, physical and chemical vapor deposition methods, matrix coated fiber, foil–fiber–foil, and more recently ultrasonic processes are highlighted. The initiatives that have been taken to mitigate deleterious interfacial reaction are discussed. The effects of fiber volume fraction and mismatch of the fiber and the matrix properties on residual stress generated during fabrication and its consequent effects on fatigue and creep are underscored. The potentials of the composite have not been fully realized due to high processing cost. This has reflected in the unstable interests and involvement of manufacturing companies in its production over the years. The chapter lists outstanding suppliers of fibers and long fiber MMCs. Demonstrator components mainly for aerospace and electric power distribution industries are highlighted. Electric power distribution Al/Alumina fiber MMC cables that has become a commercial success case in diverse parts of the world is also presented.
ABSTRACT A computational inverse technique was used in the localization and classification of def... more ABSTRACT A computational inverse technique was used in the localization and classification of defects. Postulated voids of two different sizes (2 mm and 4 mm diameter) were introduced in PMMA bars with and without a notch. The bar dimensions are 200×20×5 mm. One half of them were plain and the other half has a notch (3 mm × 4 mm) which is close to the defect area (19 mm × 16 mm).This analysis was done with an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and its optimization was done with an Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Procedure (ANFIS). A hybrid data base was developed with numerical and experimental results. Synthetic data was generated with the finite element method using SOLID95 element of ANSYS code. A parametric analysis was carried out. Only one defect in such bars was taken into account and the first five natural frequencies were calculated. 460 cases were evaluated. Half of them were plain and the other half has a notch. All the input data was classified in two groups. Each one has 230 cases and corresponds to one of the two sort of voids mentioned above. On the other hand, experimental analysis was carried on with PMMA specimens of the same size. The first two natural frequencies of 40 cases were obtained with one void. The other three frequencies were obtained numerically. 20 of these bars were plain and the others have a notch. These experimental results were introduced in the synthetic data base. 400 cases were taken randomly and, with this information, the ANN was trained with the backpropagation algorithm. The accuracy of the results was tested with the 100 cases that were left. In the next stage of this work, the ANN output was optimized with ANFIS. Previous papers showed that localization and classification of defects was reduced as notches were introduced in such bars. In the case of this paper, improved results were obtained when a hybrid data base was used.
Adhesive bonding of joints in car bodies is known to contribute significantly to increased body s... more Adhesive bonding of joints in car bodies is known to contribute significantly to increased body stiffness. Although analytical techniques are able to give some prediction of this enhancement, the accuracy of the models is limited by the relatively low resolution of the joint details. Numerical models based on finite element analysis have been used to model different joint configurations and
In this paper, we investigate the cavitation-induced erosion and breakdown mechanism of freefloat... more In this paper, we investigate the cavitation-induced erosion and breakdown mechanism of freefloating Al3Zr crystals exposed to ultrasonic vibrations in water at different exposure times using in-situ high-speed imaging technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The post-mortem microstructural examination of the damaged crystals shows that the micron-sized hierarchical crack network structure is initially formed in the outer layer of the crystals. Subsequently, the cracked surface undergoes delamination with subsequent layer-by-layer breakdown into micro-fragments in the range of 5-50 μm. This process is accelerated every time the fragment is dragged into the cavitation zone by the recirculating acoustic flow conditions.
Uploads
Papers by John Durodola