This study aimed to detect the impact of Moringa oleifera leaf powder dietary inclusion on the an... more This study aimed to detect the impact of Moringa oleifera leaf powder dietary inclusion on the antioxidant and innate immune responses of mono-sex Nile tilapia fingerlings. A total of 180 fingerlings were allocated in a random method into three groups with triplicate each. One group (1st group) received the control diet (basal diet (BD) free of moringa) and the other groups (2nd and 3rd) fed BD containing M. oleifera leaf powder at 5 and 10% of the diet, respectively. After 6 weeks of feeding, fish were randomly redistributed into four replicates and rested for 24 h. Then, each fish in the first two replicates was injected with 0.2 mL of PBS, while the others were injected with 0.2 mL of A. hydrophila suspension (1.8 × 106 CFU/mL). Healthy fish fed on M. oleifera leaf powder showed enhanced immune response manifested by significant increases in phagocytic and lysozyme activities with a marked H/L ratio (P < 0.05). In addition, significant alterations of the lymphocytic and hetero...
Betaine can operate as an osmolyte and a methyl donor. Betaine is an osmolyte and a methyl donor.... more Betaine can operate as an osmolyte and a methyl donor. Betaine is an osmolyte and a methyl donor. Betaine is likewise a zwitterion with osmotic capabilities that can help an animal cope with osmotic stress. Previous investigations have suggested that betaine has various impacts, albeit these studies do not consistently provide the same results. Dietary betaine has received a lot of attention owing to its osmoprotectant, methionine-sparing and antioxidant properties. Betaine is extensively assessed concerning performance and body composition. The tolerance to high temperatures, flock livability, and breast meat output is among the factors frequently mentioned in the literature as being altered by betaine. Betaine, a multi-nutritional agent, may help poultry resist heat stress and poor management. A common subject of betaine research is the idea of betaine saving some methionine. Although research on betaine may not always come to the same results, some discoveries repeat themselves. Because of their effectiveness in increasing growth performance, feed utilization, meat quality, and alleviating heat stress in chicken farms, betaine and methionine are extensively used as feed supplements in poultry diets. This review highlights the influences of betaine on poultry performance, meat quality, carcass characteristics, antioxidant activity, in addition to its role in mitigating heat stress.
One hundred and eighty one-day-old dual purpose chicks of mixed sex were used to investigate the ... more One hundred and eighty one-day-old dual purpose chicks of mixed sex were used to investigate the effect of partial replacement of soybean protein by sunflower meal (SFM) without or with essential oil mixture (EOM) supplementation on growth performance, immune response, carcass characteristics and intestinal histopathology of broiler chickens. The birds were divided into 6 groups of a completely randomized design of 3 levels of sunflower meal (0, 15 and 30 %) as a substitute for soybean meal with or without essential oil mixture supplementation. The basal diets were formulated based on corn and soybean meal to meet the nutrient requirements of broiler chickens. Broilers fed on diets containing sunflower meal had a good growth performance comparable to those fed on diets without sunflower meal. Moreover, the replacement of soybean protein by SFM with EOM supplementation improved phagocytic activity, phagocytic index and antibody titer against Newcastle disease vaccine at 21th, 35th an...
The impact of different dietary fiber (DF) levels (with or without lysolecithin supplementation) ... more The impact of different dietary fiber (DF) levels (with or without lysolecithin supplementation) on growth performance, immune response, expression of some lipid regulating genes and intestinal morphology was assessed in 408 Pekin ducks for 2 months. Soybean hulls were added to the diet to provide four different levels of DF: 2.4 (control diet), 3.8, 5.3, and 6.7% for the first four groups, respectively, while groups 5 to 8 fed the same four levels of DF with lysolecithin addition. Increasing dietary DF non-significantly reduced (p > 0.05) the ducks’ body weight (BW). However, ducks fed on 3.8% DF showed higher BW and improved feed conversion ratio. Lysolecithin supplementation with different DF did not support growth performance. Increasing DF with or without lysolecithin had no effect on serum lipid profile (p > 0.05). However, serum high-density lipoproteins (HDL) concentration was significantly increased with increasing fiber level in diet (p ˂ 0.05). Increasing DF with or...
The poultry industry plays a significant role in boosting the economy of several countries, parti... more The poultry industry plays a significant role in boosting the economy of several countries, particularly developing countries, and acts as a good, cheap, and affordable source of animal protein. A stress-free environment is the main target in poultry production. There are several stressors, such as cold stress, heat stress, high stocking density, and diseases that can affect birds and cause several deleterious changes. Stress reduces feed intake and growth, as well as impairs immune response and function, resulting in high disease susceptibility. These effects are correlated with higher corticosteroid levels that modulate several immune pathways such as cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and Toll-like receptor signaling along with induction of excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and thus oxidative stress. Several approaches have been considered to boost bird immunity to overcome stress-associated effects. Of these, dietary supplementation of certain nutrients and management modifications, such as light management, are commonly considered. Dietary supplementations improve bird immunity by improving the development of lymphoid tissues and triggering beneficial immune modulators and responses. Since nano-minerals have higher bioavailability compared to inorganic or organic forms, they are highly recommended to be included in the bird's diet during stress. Additionally, light management is considered a cheap and safe approach to control stress. Changing light from continuous to intermittent and using monochromatic light instead of the normal light improve bird performance and health. Such changes in light management are associated with a reduction of ROS production and increased antioxidant production. In this review, we discuss the impact of stress on the immune system of birds and the transcriptome of oxidative stress and immune-related genes, in addition, how nano-minerals supplementations and light system modulate or mitigate stress-associated effects.
Six weeks feeding trial investigated the comparative evaluation of the different copper (Cu) sour... more Six weeks feeding trial investigated the comparative evaluation of the different copper (Cu) sources (organic or nanoparticles) supplemented at 100 % or 50 % of recommended requirements replacing inorganic form with fresh or oxidized oil on the growth performance, immune response, antioxidant enzymes and hiver histopathology of broiler chickens. Birds were divided into 10 groups including group1(G1) which received the basal diet (BD) contain fresh oil and supplemented with inorganic Cu (15 mg/kg diet ), G2-G3 received Cu as the organic form (15 and 7.5 mg/kg ) and G4-G5 received Cu as Cu nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) with the same level of the organic form respectively, while groups 6-10 have the same design but the diet contain oxidized oil. Inclusion of oxidized oil in diet supplemented with different Cu sources reduced weight, increased Feed intake (FI) and deteriorated FCR when compared with those received fresh oil. Higher level of organic Cu reduced weight, while lower level or both levels of Cu-NPs non-significantly (P> 0.05) increased it. Organic Cu supplementation reduced FI, while nano Cu increased it. 50 % supplementation (7.5mg/kg diet) of requirement as organic Cu significantly (P˂ 0.05) improved average FCR. Supplementation of organic Cu or 50% Cu-NPs improved phagocytosis, lysosomal and bactericidal activity, however higher supplementation level of Cu-NPs reduced them. Inclusion of oxidized oil with different Cu sources had no adverse effect on previously mentioned immune parameters. Organic Cu or Cu-NPs with fresh or oxidized oil non-significantly (P> 0.05) increased serum MDA activity. Organic Cu supplemented birds with fresh or oxidized oil showed reduced GPx and SOD activities, while Cu-NPs increased it. Organic Cu or Cu-NPs decreased E. Coli and lactobacilli count in broiler chick's cecum. Organic or nano-Cu supplementation in oxidized oil containing diet reduced both hepatic vacuolar degeneration and inflammation.
Aims Heat stress (HS) is one of the most serious problems of poultry production. Copper (Cu) is a... more Aims Heat stress (HS) is one of the most serious problems of poultry production. Copper (Cu) is an essential trace element that plays a crucial role in the organism defence against oxidative stress. Because of the low mineral availability of the commercial Cu salts, in a novel approach, copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) were used to alleviate chronic heat stress-induced degenerative changes in two commercial broiler strains (Ross 308 and Cobb 500). Methods Birds of each broiler strain were divided into six groups, with three replicates each. The first group (N1) received 100% of the recommended Cu requirements as CuO and was housed under normal temperature (24 ± 2°C), the second and third groups (N2 and N3 respectively) received 100% and 50% of the recommended Cu requirements as CuO-NPs and were housed under normal temperature. The fourth, fifth and sixth groups (H1, H2 and H3 respectively) received the same level of Cu supplementation as did the first, second and third groups re...
Two hundred, 55 weeks old of Isa brown laying hens were used to investigate the effects of replac... more Two hundred, 55 weeks old of Isa brown laying hens were used to investigate the effects of replacement of inorganic zinc with organic or nano zinc on egg production performance, immune response, some blood biochemical parameters. Hens were randomly allotted into 5 groups for 10 weeks experimental period. Zinc sources were added to the basal diet as following: Group1 fed the basal diet supplemented with 60 ppm inorganic zinc oxide, G2-G3: supplemented with 60 and 30 ppm organic zinc and G4-G5 received the same levels but from zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs). Results showed that replacement of inorganic zinc by 60 ppm of organic zinc or 30ppm of zinc nanoparticles significantly reduced body weight losses. Moreover, addition of organic or nano zinc significantly increased egg production % and average yolk weight, non-significantly (P≥0.05) increased average shell weight while lower level of nano zinc (30ppm) significantly (P
Environmental science and pollution research international, Jan 18, 2018
Some of pathogenic bacteria and fungi have the ability to produce fetal toxins which may be the d... more Some of pathogenic bacteria and fungi have the ability to produce fetal toxins which may be the direct causes of cytotoxicity or cellular dysfunction in the colonization site. Biological and non-biological environmental factors, challenge and microbes influence the effect of toxins on these pathogens. Modern research mentions that many natural materials can reduce the production of toxins in pathogenic microbes. However, researches that explain the mechanical theories of their effects are meager. This review aimed to discuss the ameliorative potential role of plant-derived compounds and probiotics to reduce the toxin production of food-borne microbes either in poultry bodies or poultry feedstuff. Moreover, studies that highlight their own toxicological mechanisms have been discussed. Adding natural additives to feed has a clear positive effect on the enzymatic and microbiological appearance of the small intestine without any adverse effect on the liver. Studies in this respect were ...
This study aimed to detect the impact of Moringa oleifera leaf powder dietary inclusion on the an... more This study aimed to detect the impact of Moringa oleifera leaf powder dietary inclusion on the antioxidant and innate immune responses of mono-sex Nile tilapia fingerlings. A total of 180 fingerlings were allocated in a random method into three groups with triplicate each. One group (1st group) received the control diet (basal diet (BD) free of moringa) and the other groups (2nd and 3rd) fed BD containing M. oleifera leaf powder at 5 and 10% of the diet, respectively. After 6 weeks of feeding, fish were randomly redistributed into four replicates and rested for 24 h. Then, each fish in the first two replicates was injected with 0.2 mL of PBS, while the others were injected with 0.2 mL of A. hydrophila suspension (1.8 × 106 CFU/mL). Healthy fish fed on M. oleifera leaf powder showed enhanced immune response manifested by significant increases in phagocytic and lysozyme activities with a marked H/L ratio (P < 0.05). In addition, significant alterations of the lymphocytic and hetero...
Betaine can operate as an osmolyte and a methyl donor. Betaine is an osmolyte and a methyl donor.... more Betaine can operate as an osmolyte and a methyl donor. Betaine is an osmolyte and a methyl donor. Betaine is likewise a zwitterion with osmotic capabilities that can help an animal cope with osmotic stress. Previous investigations have suggested that betaine has various impacts, albeit these studies do not consistently provide the same results. Dietary betaine has received a lot of attention owing to its osmoprotectant, methionine-sparing and antioxidant properties. Betaine is extensively assessed concerning performance and body composition. The tolerance to high temperatures, flock livability, and breast meat output is among the factors frequently mentioned in the literature as being altered by betaine. Betaine, a multi-nutritional agent, may help poultry resist heat stress and poor management. A common subject of betaine research is the idea of betaine saving some methionine. Although research on betaine may not always come to the same results, some discoveries repeat themselves. Because of their effectiveness in increasing growth performance, feed utilization, meat quality, and alleviating heat stress in chicken farms, betaine and methionine are extensively used as feed supplements in poultry diets. This review highlights the influences of betaine on poultry performance, meat quality, carcass characteristics, antioxidant activity, in addition to its role in mitigating heat stress.
One hundred and eighty one-day-old dual purpose chicks of mixed sex were used to investigate the ... more One hundred and eighty one-day-old dual purpose chicks of mixed sex were used to investigate the effect of partial replacement of soybean protein by sunflower meal (SFM) without or with essential oil mixture (EOM) supplementation on growth performance, immune response, carcass characteristics and intestinal histopathology of broiler chickens. The birds were divided into 6 groups of a completely randomized design of 3 levels of sunflower meal (0, 15 and 30 %) as a substitute for soybean meal with or without essential oil mixture supplementation. The basal diets were formulated based on corn and soybean meal to meet the nutrient requirements of broiler chickens. Broilers fed on diets containing sunflower meal had a good growth performance comparable to those fed on diets without sunflower meal. Moreover, the replacement of soybean protein by SFM with EOM supplementation improved phagocytic activity, phagocytic index and antibody titer against Newcastle disease vaccine at 21th, 35th an...
The impact of different dietary fiber (DF) levels (with or without lysolecithin supplementation) ... more The impact of different dietary fiber (DF) levels (with or without lysolecithin supplementation) on growth performance, immune response, expression of some lipid regulating genes and intestinal morphology was assessed in 408 Pekin ducks for 2 months. Soybean hulls were added to the diet to provide four different levels of DF: 2.4 (control diet), 3.8, 5.3, and 6.7% for the first four groups, respectively, while groups 5 to 8 fed the same four levels of DF with lysolecithin addition. Increasing dietary DF non-significantly reduced (p > 0.05) the ducks’ body weight (BW). However, ducks fed on 3.8% DF showed higher BW and improved feed conversion ratio. Lysolecithin supplementation with different DF did not support growth performance. Increasing DF with or without lysolecithin had no effect on serum lipid profile (p > 0.05). However, serum high-density lipoproteins (HDL) concentration was significantly increased with increasing fiber level in diet (p ˂ 0.05). Increasing DF with or...
The poultry industry plays a significant role in boosting the economy of several countries, parti... more The poultry industry plays a significant role in boosting the economy of several countries, particularly developing countries, and acts as a good, cheap, and affordable source of animal protein. A stress-free environment is the main target in poultry production. There are several stressors, such as cold stress, heat stress, high stocking density, and diseases that can affect birds and cause several deleterious changes. Stress reduces feed intake and growth, as well as impairs immune response and function, resulting in high disease susceptibility. These effects are correlated with higher corticosteroid levels that modulate several immune pathways such as cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and Toll-like receptor signaling along with induction of excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and thus oxidative stress. Several approaches have been considered to boost bird immunity to overcome stress-associated effects. Of these, dietary supplementation of certain nutrients and management modifications, such as light management, are commonly considered. Dietary supplementations improve bird immunity by improving the development of lymphoid tissues and triggering beneficial immune modulators and responses. Since nano-minerals have higher bioavailability compared to inorganic or organic forms, they are highly recommended to be included in the bird's diet during stress. Additionally, light management is considered a cheap and safe approach to control stress. Changing light from continuous to intermittent and using monochromatic light instead of the normal light improve bird performance and health. Such changes in light management are associated with a reduction of ROS production and increased antioxidant production. In this review, we discuss the impact of stress on the immune system of birds and the transcriptome of oxidative stress and immune-related genes, in addition, how nano-minerals supplementations and light system modulate or mitigate stress-associated effects.
Six weeks feeding trial investigated the comparative evaluation of the different copper (Cu) sour... more Six weeks feeding trial investigated the comparative evaluation of the different copper (Cu) sources (organic or nanoparticles) supplemented at 100 % or 50 % of recommended requirements replacing inorganic form with fresh or oxidized oil on the growth performance, immune response, antioxidant enzymes and hiver histopathology of broiler chickens. Birds were divided into 10 groups including group1(G1) which received the basal diet (BD) contain fresh oil and supplemented with inorganic Cu (15 mg/kg diet ), G2-G3 received Cu as the organic form (15 and 7.5 mg/kg ) and G4-G5 received Cu as Cu nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) with the same level of the organic form respectively, while groups 6-10 have the same design but the diet contain oxidized oil. Inclusion of oxidized oil in diet supplemented with different Cu sources reduced weight, increased Feed intake (FI) and deteriorated FCR when compared with those received fresh oil. Higher level of organic Cu reduced weight, while lower level or both levels of Cu-NPs non-significantly (P> 0.05) increased it. Organic Cu supplementation reduced FI, while nano Cu increased it. 50 % supplementation (7.5mg/kg diet) of requirement as organic Cu significantly (P˂ 0.05) improved average FCR. Supplementation of organic Cu or 50% Cu-NPs improved phagocytosis, lysosomal and bactericidal activity, however higher supplementation level of Cu-NPs reduced them. Inclusion of oxidized oil with different Cu sources had no adverse effect on previously mentioned immune parameters. Organic Cu or Cu-NPs with fresh or oxidized oil non-significantly (P> 0.05) increased serum MDA activity. Organic Cu supplemented birds with fresh or oxidized oil showed reduced GPx and SOD activities, while Cu-NPs increased it. Organic Cu or Cu-NPs decreased E. Coli and lactobacilli count in broiler chick's cecum. Organic or nano-Cu supplementation in oxidized oil containing diet reduced both hepatic vacuolar degeneration and inflammation.
Aims Heat stress (HS) is one of the most serious problems of poultry production. Copper (Cu) is a... more Aims Heat stress (HS) is one of the most serious problems of poultry production. Copper (Cu) is an essential trace element that plays a crucial role in the organism defence against oxidative stress. Because of the low mineral availability of the commercial Cu salts, in a novel approach, copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) were used to alleviate chronic heat stress-induced degenerative changes in two commercial broiler strains (Ross 308 and Cobb 500). Methods Birds of each broiler strain were divided into six groups, with three replicates each. The first group (N1) received 100% of the recommended Cu requirements as CuO and was housed under normal temperature (24 ± 2°C), the second and third groups (N2 and N3 respectively) received 100% and 50% of the recommended Cu requirements as CuO-NPs and were housed under normal temperature. The fourth, fifth and sixth groups (H1, H2 and H3 respectively) received the same level of Cu supplementation as did the first, second and third groups re...
Two hundred, 55 weeks old of Isa brown laying hens were used to investigate the effects of replac... more Two hundred, 55 weeks old of Isa brown laying hens were used to investigate the effects of replacement of inorganic zinc with organic or nano zinc on egg production performance, immune response, some blood biochemical parameters. Hens were randomly allotted into 5 groups for 10 weeks experimental period. Zinc sources were added to the basal diet as following: Group1 fed the basal diet supplemented with 60 ppm inorganic zinc oxide, G2-G3: supplemented with 60 and 30 ppm organic zinc and G4-G5 received the same levels but from zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs). Results showed that replacement of inorganic zinc by 60 ppm of organic zinc or 30ppm of zinc nanoparticles significantly reduced body weight losses. Moreover, addition of organic or nano zinc significantly increased egg production % and average yolk weight, non-significantly (P≥0.05) increased average shell weight while lower level of nano zinc (30ppm) significantly (P
Environmental science and pollution research international, Jan 18, 2018
Some of pathogenic bacteria and fungi have the ability to produce fetal toxins which may be the d... more Some of pathogenic bacteria and fungi have the ability to produce fetal toxins which may be the direct causes of cytotoxicity or cellular dysfunction in the colonization site. Biological and non-biological environmental factors, challenge and microbes influence the effect of toxins on these pathogens. Modern research mentions that many natural materials can reduce the production of toxins in pathogenic microbes. However, researches that explain the mechanical theories of their effects are meager. This review aimed to discuss the ameliorative potential role of plant-derived compounds and probiotics to reduce the toxin production of food-borne microbes either in poultry bodies or poultry feedstuff. Moreover, studies that highlight their own toxicological mechanisms have been discussed. Adding natural additives to feed has a clear positive effect on the enzymatic and microbiological appearance of the small intestine without any adverse effect on the liver. Studies in this respect were ...
Uploads
Papers by Karima El-Naggar