CiteSeerX - Document Details (Isaac Councill, Lee Giles): Research article Immune responses in pa... more CiteSeerX - Document Details (Isaac Councill, Lee Giles): Research article Immune responses in patients with HIV infection after vaccination with recombinant Hepatitis B virus vaccine.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with rising incidence rates, is the most commonly occurring malig... more Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with rising incidence rates, is the most commonly occurring malignancy of the liver that exerts a heavy disease burden particularly in developing countries. A dynamic cross-talk between immune cells and malignant cells in tumor microenvironment governs the hepatocarcinogenesis. Monitoring immune contexture as prognostic markers is quite relevant and essential to evaluate clinical outcomes and to envisage response to therapy. In this review, we present an overview of the prognostic value of various tumor infiltrating immune cells and the continually evolving immune checkpoints as novel biomarkers during HCC. Tumor infiltration by immune cells such as T cells, NK cells and dendritic cells is linked with improved prognosis and favorable outcome, while the intra-tumoral presence of regulatory T cells (Tregs) or myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) on the other hand is associated with poor clinical outcome. In addition to these, the overexpression of n...
Visceral Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease affecting 12 million people annually. Even... more Visceral Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease affecting 12 million people annually. Even in the second decade of the 21st century, it has remained without an effective vaccine for human use. In the current study, we have designed three multiepitope vaccine candidates by the selection of multiple IFN-γ inducing MHC-I and MHC-II binder T-cell specific epitopes from 3 previously identified antigen genes of Leishmania donovani from our lab, by immune-informatic approach using IFNepiotpe, NET-MHC-1 and NET MHC-2 webservers. We have tested the protective potential of these three multiepitope proteins as vaccine in a hamster model of visceral leishmaniasis. The immunization data revealed that the vaccine candidates induced a very high level of Th-1 biased protective immune response in-vivo in a hamster model of experimental visceral Leishmaniasis, with one of the candidates inducing a sterile immunity. The vaccinated animals displayed highly activated monocyte macrophages with the...
Due to a dysregulated immune response, patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) have i... more Due to a dysregulated immune response, patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) have increased risk of infection and multi organ failure in comparison to compensated cirrhosis. The comparative data on the presence of 'immune paresis' in patients with ACLF and decompensated cirrhosis without ACLF is not available. Aim of the present study was to compare the immunological parameters in patients with decompensated cirrhosis with and without ACLF. In a prospective study, 76 patients with decompensated cirrhosis with (n = 38) and without (n = 38) ACLF and 10 healthy controls (HC) were evaluated for monocytic human leukocyte antigen-antigen D Related (HLA-DR) expression, mean density of HLA-DR expressed on the surface of these cells, neutrophil oxidative burst (NOB) capacity and serum levels of cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL10, IL-12, and TNF-α). Patients of decompensated cirrhosis with and without ACLF demonstrated significantly lower mean percentage of monocytes expr...
Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology of India, 2013
The aim of this study was to share our experience of clinical presentation and ultrasonographic f... more The aim of this study was to share our experience of clinical presentation and ultrasonographic findings in cases of ectopic pregnancy especially in the context of usage of unsupervised medical abortifacients. This is prospective study conducted over a period of 1 year extending from August 01, 2009 to July 31, 2010 in a tertiary care Armed Forces Hospital of India. Clinically and or sonologically suspected cases of ectopic pregnancy formed the study group. Detailed clinical, menstrual, and treatment history was obtained for each patient. Ultrasonography (USG) was done with multifrequency convex (2.5-6 MHz) followed by transvaginal (6-10 MHz) probes. Operative findings were noted and recorded in each case. In the study period, a total of 1958 pregnant patients were admitted and treated, which included 1690 deliveries and 268 abortions. Based on USG findings, 16 cases (0.8 %) of ectopic pregnancy were diagnosed. While four patients were treated medically (with methotrexate), 12 cases...
In order to delineate the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for intra tumoral enrichmen... more In order to delineate the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for intra tumoral enrichment of BCSCs in aggressive breast tumors, firstly we evaluated the frequency and characteristics of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) within the tumor mass as well as in pathologically normal adjacent tissues in primary breast carcinomas of various clinical and histological grades. Then, we evaluated the expression profiles of various genes in non-cancer stem cells from these tumors to delineate the role played by cellular niche in de novo origin and/or expansion of intra-tumoral cancer stem cells.The study included primary tumor and adjacent normal breast tissue specimens from chemotherapy-naïve breast carcinoma patients. The BCSCs, identified as Lin-CD44+CD24-and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 A1 positive were enumerated. The frequency of intra-tumoral BCSCs was correlated with various clinicopathological parameters of breast cancer. The flow-cytometrically sorted stromal cells and cancer cells...
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is becoming an effective therapeutic modality for ... more Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is becoming an effective therapeutic modality for a variety of diseases. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be used to enhance hematopoietic engraftment, accelerate lymphocyte recovery, reduce the risk of graft failure, prevent and treat graft-versus-host disease, and repair tissue damage in patients receiving HSCT. Till now, most MSCs for human clinical application have been derived from bone marrow. However, acquiring bone-marrow-derived MSCs involves an invasive procedure. Umbilical cord is rich with MSCs. Compared to bone-marrow-derived MSCs, umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UCMSCs) are easier to obtain without harm to the donor and can proliferate faster. No severe adverse effects were noted in our previous clinical application of UCMSCs in HSCT. Accordingly, application of UCMSCs in humans appears to be feasible and safe. Further studies are warranted.
Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Dec 1, 2016
Immunmodulation combined with chemotherapy has emerged as an alternative to treat infections. The... more Immunmodulation combined with chemotherapy has emerged as an alternative to treat infections. The study evaluates immunomodulatory properties of a Leishmania recombinant protein (rA6) in activating macrophages and clearing intracellular parasites. The rA6 from a previously identified cDNA clone was analyzed for inducing the production of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in macrophages, post and prior to infection with promastigotes by Griess method and flow cytometry. Phagocytosis and killing by treated macrophages was evaluated using Staphylococcus aureus as an index organism. Intracellular clearance of PKH67-labeled parasites from treated macrophages was assessed flowcytometrically. Combined effect of rA6 with miltefosine/AmBisome in reducing intracellular amastigotes was examined microscopically. Treatment with rA6 post infection caused increased production of NO with increased number of macrophages producing NO and ROS coupled with enhanced phagocytic and kill...
CiteSeerX - Document Details (Isaac Councill, Lee Giles): Research article Immune responses in pa... more CiteSeerX - Document Details (Isaac Councill, Lee Giles): Research article Immune responses in patients with HIV infection after vaccination with recombinant Hepatitis B virus vaccine.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with rising incidence rates, is the most commonly occurring malig... more Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with rising incidence rates, is the most commonly occurring malignancy of the liver that exerts a heavy disease burden particularly in developing countries. A dynamic cross-talk between immune cells and malignant cells in tumor microenvironment governs the hepatocarcinogenesis. Monitoring immune contexture as prognostic markers is quite relevant and essential to evaluate clinical outcomes and to envisage response to therapy. In this review, we present an overview of the prognostic value of various tumor infiltrating immune cells and the continually evolving immune checkpoints as novel biomarkers during HCC. Tumor infiltration by immune cells such as T cells, NK cells and dendritic cells is linked with improved prognosis and favorable outcome, while the intra-tumoral presence of regulatory T cells (Tregs) or myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) on the other hand is associated with poor clinical outcome. In addition to these, the overexpression of n...
Visceral Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease affecting 12 million people annually. Even... more Visceral Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease affecting 12 million people annually. Even in the second decade of the 21st century, it has remained without an effective vaccine for human use. In the current study, we have designed three multiepitope vaccine candidates by the selection of multiple IFN-γ inducing MHC-I and MHC-II binder T-cell specific epitopes from 3 previously identified antigen genes of Leishmania donovani from our lab, by immune-informatic approach using IFNepiotpe, NET-MHC-1 and NET MHC-2 webservers. We have tested the protective potential of these three multiepitope proteins as vaccine in a hamster model of visceral leishmaniasis. The immunization data revealed that the vaccine candidates induced a very high level of Th-1 biased protective immune response in-vivo in a hamster model of experimental visceral Leishmaniasis, with one of the candidates inducing a sterile immunity. The vaccinated animals displayed highly activated monocyte macrophages with the...
Due to a dysregulated immune response, patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) have i... more Due to a dysregulated immune response, patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) have increased risk of infection and multi organ failure in comparison to compensated cirrhosis. The comparative data on the presence of 'immune paresis' in patients with ACLF and decompensated cirrhosis without ACLF is not available. Aim of the present study was to compare the immunological parameters in patients with decompensated cirrhosis with and without ACLF. In a prospective study, 76 patients with decompensated cirrhosis with (n = 38) and without (n = 38) ACLF and 10 healthy controls (HC) were evaluated for monocytic human leukocyte antigen-antigen D Related (HLA-DR) expression, mean density of HLA-DR expressed on the surface of these cells, neutrophil oxidative burst (NOB) capacity and serum levels of cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL10, IL-12, and TNF-α). Patients of decompensated cirrhosis with and without ACLF demonstrated significantly lower mean percentage of monocytes expr...
Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology of India, 2013
The aim of this study was to share our experience of clinical presentation and ultrasonographic f... more The aim of this study was to share our experience of clinical presentation and ultrasonographic findings in cases of ectopic pregnancy especially in the context of usage of unsupervised medical abortifacients. This is prospective study conducted over a period of 1 year extending from August 01, 2009 to July 31, 2010 in a tertiary care Armed Forces Hospital of India. Clinically and or sonologically suspected cases of ectopic pregnancy formed the study group. Detailed clinical, menstrual, and treatment history was obtained for each patient. Ultrasonography (USG) was done with multifrequency convex (2.5-6 MHz) followed by transvaginal (6-10 MHz) probes. Operative findings were noted and recorded in each case. In the study period, a total of 1958 pregnant patients were admitted and treated, which included 1690 deliveries and 268 abortions. Based on USG findings, 16 cases (0.8 %) of ectopic pregnancy were diagnosed. While four patients were treated medically (with methotrexate), 12 cases...
In order to delineate the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for intra tumoral enrichmen... more In order to delineate the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for intra tumoral enrichment of BCSCs in aggressive breast tumors, firstly we evaluated the frequency and characteristics of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) within the tumor mass as well as in pathologically normal adjacent tissues in primary breast carcinomas of various clinical and histological grades. Then, we evaluated the expression profiles of various genes in non-cancer stem cells from these tumors to delineate the role played by cellular niche in de novo origin and/or expansion of intra-tumoral cancer stem cells.The study included primary tumor and adjacent normal breast tissue specimens from chemotherapy-naïve breast carcinoma patients. The BCSCs, identified as Lin-CD44+CD24-and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 A1 positive were enumerated. The frequency of intra-tumoral BCSCs was correlated with various clinicopathological parameters of breast cancer. The flow-cytometrically sorted stromal cells and cancer cells...
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is becoming an effective therapeutic modality for ... more Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is becoming an effective therapeutic modality for a variety of diseases. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be used to enhance hematopoietic engraftment, accelerate lymphocyte recovery, reduce the risk of graft failure, prevent and treat graft-versus-host disease, and repair tissue damage in patients receiving HSCT. Till now, most MSCs for human clinical application have been derived from bone marrow. However, acquiring bone-marrow-derived MSCs involves an invasive procedure. Umbilical cord is rich with MSCs. Compared to bone-marrow-derived MSCs, umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UCMSCs) are easier to obtain without harm to the donor and can proliferate faster. No severe adverse effects were noted in our previous clinical application of UCMSCs in HSCT. Accordingly, application of UCMSCs in humans appears to be feasible and safe. Further studies are warranted.
Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Dec 1, 2016
Immunmodulation combined with chemotherapy has emerged as an alternative to treat infections. The... more Immunmodulation combined with chemotherapy has emerged as an alternative to treat infections. The study evaluates immunomodulatory properties of a Leishmania recombinant protein (rA6) in activating macrophages and clearing intracellular parasites. The rA6 from a previously identified cDNA clone was analyzed for inducing the production of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in macrophages, post and prior to infection with promastigotes by Griess method and flow cytometry. Phagocytosis and killing by treated macrophages was evaluated using Staphylococcus aureus as an index organism. Intracellular clearance of PKH67-labeled parasites from treated macrophages was assessed flowcytometrically. Combined effect of rA6 with miltefosine/AmBisome in reducing intracellular amastigotes was examined microscopically. Treatment with rA6 post infection caused increased production of NO with increased number of macrophages producing NO and ROS coupled with enhanced phagocytic and kill...
Uploads
Papers by Sunil Arora