The recent progress in CAAD modeling technologies, based on interoperability, opens new scenarios... more The recent progress in CAAD modeling technologies, based on interoperability, opens new scenarios based on the integration of cognitive systems. An important contribution is offered by the progressive integration of technologies for geographical and territorial representation with the recent object-oriented 3D parametrical modeling of buildings and their parts of work. The models representation technology guarantees the interoperability of the objects, through the whole information sets' exchange, in both systems, and the whole merging of the models from the original software context to the digital simulation environment in order to preview its working behavior under real conditions. The Faculty of Architecture at the Politecnico di Milano is leading the implementation of these standards within the institutional educational framework. The recent progress in modeling technologies, based on interoperability, to be primarily installed among the knowledge systems, opens new scenarios based on the integration of cognitive systems in a reading pattern with well-known crossroad nodes, which can explain the reasons of environmental and economical phenomena, generated by the " families of interactions " unfolding among heterogeneous, yet interfering, dimensional scales. An important contribution to this aim is offered by the progressive integration of technologies for geographical and territorial representation with the recent object-oriented 3D parametrical modeling of buildings and their parts of work, down to the required detail level. Industry Foundation Classes is a Open Source Standard language – freely shared by export users – property of International Alliance for Interoperability – Building Smart, an international non-profit organization of researchers, public administrations, software companies, enterprises, professional, experts and universities. The IFC developing standard is already recognized as ISO PAS 16739 – 2005. The long-established link between the research activity of Politecnico di Milano and IAI dates back to the beginning of this century. In 2004 the BEST department (Building Environment Science and Technology) was founded at the Politecnico: it is the Italian Chapter of IAI, which still is the Italian reference structure for this sector. Since then many structures, companies and bodies got involved with IAI. We therefore decided to disclose and to spread the related contents on the national territory. To this aim, the "Education and Training" workgroup has been created in 2006, of which the authors of this article are members. By considering university didactics as one of the main spreading channels of innovative tools and technologies, we decided to activate an immediate feasibility plan for the inclusion into the university institutional didactics. We therefore activated within the Faculty of Architecture a first class, entitled "3D Parametric CAD Design" at the fifth year of the study course. The class has been designed as an introductory overview of the object-oriented three-dimensional interoperable parametric architectural modeling, supported by strictly theoretical stages and wide-ranging operating tutorials carried out in the IT classroom, requiring students to get thoroughly involved.
During the last few years there has been a whole series of notable transformations in the field o... more During the last few years there has been a whole series of notable transformations in the field of assisted design from the viewpoint of modelling and in the approach to IT tools by the design path itself. The world and the society are rapidly evolving. Buildings and architectural spaces take on different values and disposition of volumes, often not Euclidean at all. This is due to a meeting point between new tools, able to manage the necessary know how and complexity, and the renovation and transformation thust required by the society. The Politecnico di Milano, Faculty of Architecture and Society, has a strong educational and research tradition on new technologies and computer-assisted design tools. This abstract deals with a research carried out by the CoDE (Cooperative Design Environment) Lab with the students of the "3D Parametric CAAD Design" class (Leonardo Campus-Milano) and " Automatic Drawing for Architectural Design " (Arata Campus-Piacenza), with trainees and dissertationists. Both classes deal with all the subjects concerning CAAD-assisted design, with the aim of teaching students how to work autonomously from the analytical pre-planning phase to the final rendering of the artefact. Subjects of analysis and reconstruction were not the projects, but the already created buildings that supply a wider choice of sources and information. We analyzed the formal, morphological, historical and architectural aspects. For the time being we only deal with Aalto, Botta, Bottoni, Holl, Le Corbusier, Meier, Mies van der Rohe, Niemeyer, Ponti, Terragni and Wright. CAAD Digital Model Archive of CoDE Lab presently boasts more than 250 models. By working with 5 th year senior students of the Master's Degree and Banchelor degree courses, I often wondered how and if they will be able to face the challenges implied in the current architectural framework. We therefore pushed on with the use of technologies, well beyond their original aims. In our survey we highlighted some important issues for the growing and development of a critical analysis of the students. Students choose among the proposed architectures, look for the necessary sources and rebuild the 3D CAAD virtual models. But they must not only rebuild the geometry, but also analyse and deepen at best the primary and fundamental reasons of the investigated architectures. They must understand and express proportions, meanings, dynamics, variations, properties and peculiarities. We especially focused on: the lack of the "representation scale" concept and its advantages; the virtualization of the building, which becomes a "complex and overall machine", on which we can carry out any kind of scientific simulations; the tool plasticity, combined with the digital building virtuality, allowing to simulate situations and events that never took place; the cancellation of the time factor in the simulation of the real architectural artefact evolution; the chance to re-analyze architectural modularites, symmetries, proportions of past and present architecture through a three-dimensional scientific verification tool; the chance to re-analyze and virtually rebuild buildings of the past, trying to understand not only the shape, but also the structural, matter, aggregation, technological and stylistic aspects; to investigate other aspects that can "arrange" architecture.
The Cooperative Design Environment Laboratory (CoDE Lab) is carrying out a research with students... more The Cooperative Design Environment Laboratory (CoDE Lab) is carrying out a research with students, trainees and seniors who have previously participated to CAAD-assisted design courses. These courses were developed with the aim of making participants independent from the pre-analytical phase project to the renderings of the final artifact. The programs that have been used so far are Autodesk Revit, Graphisoft Archicad and Nemetschek Allplan.The teaching workgroup has always believed that analyzing, deconstructing and reconstructing the architecture teaches much in terms of understanding. If the process is done correctly, it entirely re-traces the creative dynamics developed by the original designer. Subsequently, the educational practice is to choose a notable architectural work, designed and/or created by a Master of architecture, and to reproduce it in all details: aesthetical-formal, morphological, technological, structural, modular, etc. The final result is an archive of welldev...
MACE is a European research project which aims to develop methodologies of e-learning in architec... more MACE is a European research project which aims to develop methodologies of e-learning in architecture, integrating and implementing the report a lot of content already stored in database created and developed in other projects, including European. The system indexing the Learning Object in according to an approach that is based on the characteristics of the media itself and on the content and concepts that are housed in it. MACE will provide end users a service targeted to the research, acquisition, use and discussion on content reserved only a first small community of users. The development environment is that IT and especially that of Metadata. The project is to evolve simple digital containers to a collaborative environment and support the design and teaching. The project uses different types of metadata to classify content: metadata traditional ontological, contextual, related to skills, etc.. Research has focused primarily on developing a system capable of recognizing and cataloging digital content in various repositories and the definition of the characteristics that the metadata related to any content, had to have. The Application Profile is based on thesauri and classification systems and is an extension of the LOM Standard. Another aspect is the application of concepts and technologies to emerging MACE Repository PiacenzaLabs of the Piacenza Campus. The contribution is intended to amend and broaden the disciplinary and cultural references of MACE compared to architecture, to the disciplines of planning, the design of urban space, and wants to be a case study of the project, a scale and in a the papers recently definition.
During the last few years there has been a whole series of notable transformations in the field o... more During the last few years there has been a whole series of notable transformations in the field of assisted design from the viewpoint of modelling and in the approach to IT tools by the design path itself. The world and the society are rapidly evolving. Buildings and architectural spaces take on different values and disposition of volumes, often not Euclidean at all. This is due to a meeting point between new tools, able to manage the necessary know how and complexity, and the renovation and transformation thust required by the society. The Politecnico di Milano, Faculty of Architecture and Society, has a strong educational and research tradition on new technologies and computer-assisted design tools. This abstract deals with a research carried out by the CoDE (Cooperative Design Environment) Lab with the students of the "3D Parametric CAAD Design" class (Leonardo Campus-Milano) and " Automatic Drawing for Architectural Design " (Arata Campus-Piacenza), with trainees and dissertationists. Both classes deal with all the subjects concerning CAAD-assisted design, with the aim of teaching students how to work autonomously from the analytical pre-planning phase to the final rendering of the artefact. Subjects of analysis and reconstruction were not the projects, but the already created buildings that supply a wider choice of sources and information. We analyzed the formal, morphological, historical and architectural aspects. For the time being we only deal with Aalto, Botta, Bottoni, Holl, Le Corbusier, Meier, Mies van der Rohe, Niemeyer, Ponti, Terragni and Wright. CAAD Digital Model Archive of CoDE Lab presently boasts more than 250 models. By working with 5 th year senior students of the Master's Degree and Banchelor degree courses, I often wondered how and if they will be able to face the challenges implied in the current architectural framework. We therefore pushed on with the use of technologies, well beyond their original aims. In our survey we highlighted some important issues for the growing and development of a critical analysis of the students. Students choose among the proposed architectures, look for the necessary sources and rebuild the 3D CAAD virtual models. But they must not only rebuild the geometry, but also analyse and deepen at best the primary and fundamental reasons of the investigated architectures. They must understand and express proportions, meanings, dynamics, variations, properties and peculiarities. We especially focused on: the lack of the "representation scale" concept and its advantages; the virtualization of the building, which becomes a "complex and overall machine", on which we can carry out any kind of scientific simulations; the tool plasticity, combined with the digital building virtuality, allowing to simulate situations and events that never took place; the cancellation of the time factor in the simulation of the real architectural artefact evolution; the chance to re-analyze architectural modularites, symmetries, proportions of past and present architecture through a three-dimensional scientific verification tool; the chance to re-analyze and virtually rebuild buildings of the past, trying to understand not only the shape, but also the structural, matter, aggregation, technological and stylistic aspects; to investigate other aspects that can "arrange" architecture.
The ISTITUTO DI STUDI STORICI SU CITTA', TERRITORIO E PAESAGGI LOCALI (ISSt) (Institute for Histo... more The ISTITUTO DI STUDI STORICI SU CITTA', TERRITORIO E PAESAGGI LOCALI (ISSt) (Institute for Historical Studies on Cities, Territories and Local Landscapes) is a consortium made of Universities, Public Administration, foundation and private authorities, and it has been established in order to innovatively deal with the relationship between city, history and territory. The Institute carries out researches on the historical building of territories, landscapes, urban sites and remarkable buildings of the Piacenza territory. The focus of the Institute activity is to draft and provide iconographical, cartographical, historical-documentary materials for public decision-makers, researchers, students and professionals. These materials are conceived as a support to architectural, town-planning and landscape projects, to local development policies and to the evaluation of local historical-cultural assets. The Institute will contribute to analytical research, to the formulation of plans and projects aimed at giving life to intervention policies on the historical center of Piacenza, on the expected settlement expansion areas, on infrastructural development strategies, on environment and landscape protection and safeguard, on the future of rural building industry and of the northern section of Piacenza, of disused military areas and of the Po river requalification project. Such aims will be achieved through the use of innovative technologies such as CAD tools and 3D architectural and territorial modeling, reconstruction of virtual environments and spaces, 3D GIS and innovative tools for territorial and topographical analysis, total stations and laser scanners for urban space survey and representation, Web tools and shared databases for collaborative work, registration and use.
—. The teaching workgroup of the CoDE Lab of the Politecnico di Milano has always believed that a... more —. The teaching workgroup of the CoDE Lab of the Politecnico di Milano has always believed that analyzing, deconstructing and reconstructing the architecture teaches a lot in terms of understanding. If the process is done correctly, it entirely retraces the creative dynamics developed by the original designer. Subsequently, the practice we developed in teamwork is to choose a notable architectural work, designed and/or created by a Master of architecture, and to reproduce it in all details: aesthetical-formal, morphological, technological, structural, modular, etc. The final result is a well-developed reconstructed model of great specific interest. The true subject deals with architects of great stature and professional capabilities, who based their work and their career on the application of original "methods", rules and logics representing the foundation of their architecture. This case study deals with a recent research line based on Andrea Palladio's architecture, and especially on his villas. Palladio is one of the most famous and imitated architect of the world and his architecture has deeply affected whole generations of architects. Palladio is also one of the first, and most known, architects-writers and in his books we can get enough information to study and to do a 3D CAAD reconstruction, also of those parts that have never been built.
La rappresentazione dello spazio costruito, quando riferita a progetti (realizzati o meno) dei ma... more La rappresentazione dello spazio costruito, quando riferita a progetti (realizzati o meno) dei maestri del passato, è processo di analisi e comprensione delle forme, delle strutture e delle proporzioni geometrico-spaziali. Annullare il fattore temporale e reimmergersi nelle modalità progettuali e costruttive di un passato più o meno recente è una forma di rivisitazione e di indagine legata ai paradigmi stilistici e agli strumenti progettuali di un’altra epoca. Rileggere in prospettiva i fattori critici e quelli fondativi delle architetture attraverso la riproduzione di modelli tridimensionali, è immersione in spazi e tecniche costruttive altre, che porta a considerazioni metodologiche più generali sull’oggetto costruito. Poi, quando possibile, evidenziare il processo evolutivo (non necessariamente degenerativo) rappresenta un livello ulteriore di approfondimento in cui l’opera, l’architettura o lo spazio costruito sono analizzati nella loro evoluzione, nel percorso storico che li ha visti protagonisti e interpreti, di trasformazioni di forma e di uso. Affrontare questo genere di percorso nella ricerca e nella didattica, con strumenti informatizzati moderni rappresenta un nuovo tipo di comprensione degli intenti progettuali, di coscienza critica delle modalità realizzative del manufatto e dei suoi (eventuali) limiti temporali.
The recent progress in CAAD modeling technologies, based on interoperability, opens new scenarios... more The recent progress in CAAD modeling technologies, based on interoperability, opens new scenarios based on the integration of cognitive systems. An important contribution is offered by the progressive integration of technologies for geographical and territorial representation with the recent object-oriented 3D parametrical modeling of buildings and their parts of work. The models representation technology guarantees the interoperability of the objects, through the whole information sets' exchange, in both systems, and the whole merging of the models from the original software context to the digital simulation environment in order to preview its working behavior under real conditions. The Faculty of Architecture at the Politecnico di Milano is leading the implementation of these standards within the institutional educational framework. The recent progress in modeling technologies, based on interoperability, to be primarily installed among the knowledge systems, opens new scenarios based on the integration of cognitive systems in a reading pattern with well-known crossroad nodes, which can explain the reasons of environmental and economical phenomena, generated by the " families of interactions " unfolding among heterogeneous, yet interfering, dimensional scales. An important contribution to this aim is offered by the progressive integration of technologies for geographical and territorial representation with the recent object-oriented 3D parametrical modeling of buildings and their parts of work, down to the required detail level. Industry Foundation Classes is a Open Source Standard language – freely shared by export users – property of International Alliance for Interoperability – Building Smart, an international non-profit organization of researchers, public administrations, software companies, enterprises, professional, experts and universities. The IFC developing standard is already recognized as ISO PAS 16739 – 2005. The long-established link between the research activity of Politecnico di Milano and IAI dates back to the beginning of this century. In 2004 the BEST department (Building Environment Science and Technology) was founded at the Politecnico: it is the Italian Chapter of IAI, which still is the Italian reference structure for this sector. Since then many structures, companies and bodies got involved with IAI. We therefore decided to disclose and to spread the related contents on the national territory. To this aim, the "Education and Training" workgroup has been created in 2006, of which the authors of this article are members. By considering university didactics as one of the main spreading channels of innovative tools and technologies, we decided to activate an immediate feasibility plan for the inclusion into the university institutional didactics. We therefore activated within the Faculty of Architecture a first class, entitled "3D Parametric CAD Design" at the fifth year of the study course. The class has been designed as an introductory overview of the object-oriented three-dimensional interoperable parametric architectural modeling, supported by strictly theoretical stages and wide-ranging operating tutorials carried out in the IT classroom, requiring students to get thoroughly involved.
This paper presents MACE project (Metadata for Architectural Contents in Europe) that sets out to... more This paper presents MACE project (Metadata for Architectural Contents in Europe) that sets out to transform the ways of e-learning in architecture and construction in Europe. It will integrate vast amounts of content from diverse repositories created in several large projects in the past, and build a framework for providing community-based services such as finding, acquiring, using and discussing about e-learning contents that were previously not reachable. Furthermore, MACE aims at providing innovative tools to search, create content and enrich it with new metadata, which can be used to support different learning scenarios. Several kinds of metadata are used in these tools to provide different perspectives on the learning content, and find new ways to combine them.
The recent progress in CAAD modeling technologies, based on interoperability, opens new scenarios... more The recent progress in CAAD modeling technologies, based on interoperability, opens new scenarios based on the integration of cognitive systems. An important contribution is offered by the progressive integration of technologies for geographical and territorial representation with the recent object-oriented 3D parametrical modeling of buildings and their parts of work. The models representation technology guarantees the interoperability of the objects, through the whole information sets' exchange, in both systems, and the whole merging of the models from the original software context to the digital simulation environment in order to preview its working behavior under real conditions. The Faculty of Architecture at the Politecnico di Milano is leading the implementation of these standards within the institutional educational framework. The recent progress in modeling technologies, based on interoperability, to be primarily installed among the knowledge systems, opens new scenarios based on the integration of cognitive systems in a reading pattern with well-known crossroad nodes, which can explain the reasons of environmental and economical phenomena, generated by the " families of interactions " unfolding among heterogeneous, yet interfering, dimensional scales. An important contribution to this aim is offered by the progressive integration of technologies for geographical and territorial representation with the recent object-oriented 3D parametrical modeling of buildings and their parts of work, down to the required detail level. Industry Foundation Classes is a Open Source Standard language – freely shared by export users – property of International Alliance for Interoperability – Building Smart, an international non-profit organization of researchers, public administrations, software companies, enterprises, professional, experts and universities. The IFC developing standard is already recognized as ISO PAS 16739 – 2005. The long-established link between the research activity of Politecnico di Milano and IAI dates back to the beginning of this century. In 2004 the BEST department (Building Environment Science and Technology) was founded at the Politecnico: it is the Italian Chapter of IAI, which still is the Italian reference structure for this sector. Since then many structures, companies and bodies got involved with IAI. We therefore decided to disclose and to spread the related contents on the national territory. To this aim, the "Education and Training" workgroup has been created in 2006, of which the authors of this article are members. By considering university didactics as one of the main spreading channels of innovative tools and technologies, we decided to activate an immediate feasibility plan for the inclusion into the university institutional didactics. We therefore activated within the Faculty of Architecture a first class, entitled "3D Parametric CAD Design" at the fifth year of the study course. The class has been designed as an introductory overview of the object-oriented three-dimensional interoperable parametric architectural modeling, supported by strictly theoretical stages and wide-ranging operating tutorials carried out in the IT classroom, requiring students to get thoroughly involved.
During the last few years there has been a whole series of notable transformations in the field o... more During the last few years there has been a whole series of notable transformations in the field of assisted design from the viewpoint of modelling and in the approach to IT tools by the design path itself. The world and the society are rapidly evolving. Buildings and architectural spaces take on different values and disposition of volumes, often not Euclidean at all. This is due to a meeting point between new tools, able to manage the necessary know how and complexity, and the renovation and transformation thust required by the society. The Politecnico di Milano, Faculty of Architecture and Society, has a strong educational and research tradition on new technologies and computer-assisted design tools. This abstract deals with a research carried out by the CoDE (Cooperative Design Environment) Lab with the students of the "3D Parametric CAAD Design" class (Leonardo Campus-Milano) and " Automatic Drawing for Architectural Design " (Arata Campus-Piacenza), with trainees and dissertationists. Both classes deal with all the subjects concerning CAAD-assisted design, with the aim of teaching students how to work autonomously from the analytical pre-planning phase to the final rendering of the artefact. Subjects of analysis and reconstruction were not the projects, but the already created buildings that supply a wider choice of sources and information. We analyzed the formal, morphological, historical and architectural aspects. For the time being we only deal with Aalto, Botta, Bottoni, Holl, Le Corbusier, Meier, Mies van der Rohe, Niemeyer, Ponti, Terragni and Wright. CAAD Digital Model Archive of CoDE Lab presently boasts more than 250 models. By working with 5 th year senior students of the Master's Degree and Banchelor degree courses, I often wondered how and if they will be able to face the challenges implied in the current architectural framework. We therefore pushed on with the use of technologies, well beyond their original aims. In our survey we highlighted some important issues for the growing and development of a critical analysis of the students. Students choose among the proposed architectures, look for the necessary sources and rebuild the 3D CAAD virtual models. But they must not only rebuild the geometry, but also analyse and deepen at best the primary and fundamental reasons of the investigated architectures. They must understand and express proportions, meanings, dynamics, variations, properties and peculiarities. We especially focused on: the lack of the "representation scale" concept and its advantages; the virtualization of the building, which becomes a "complex and overall machine", on which we can carry out any kind of scientific simulations; the tool plasticity, combined with the digital building virtuality, allowing to simulate situations and events that never took place; the cancellation of the time factor in the simulation of the real architectural artefact evolution; the chance to re-analyze architectural modularites, symmetries, proportions of past and present architecture through a three-dimensional scientific verification tool; the chance to re-analyze and virtually rebuild buildings of the past, trying to understand not only the shape, but also the structural, matter, aggregation, technological and stylistic aspects; to investigate other aspects that can "arrange" architecture.
The Cooperative Design Environment Laboratory (CoDE Lab) is carrying out a research with students... more The Cooperative Design Environment Laboratory (CoDE Lab) is carrying out a research with students, trainees and seniors who have previously participated to CAAD-assisted design courses. These courses were developed with the aim of making participants independent from the pre-analytical phase project to the renderings of the final artifact. The programs that have been used so far are Autodesk Revit, Graphisoft Archicad and Nemetschek Allplan.The teaching workgroup has always believed that analyzing, deconstructing and reconstructing the architecture teaches much in terms of understanding. If the process is done correctly, it entirely re-traces the creative dynamics developed by the original designer. Subsequently, the educational practice is to choose a notable architectural work, designed and/or created by a Master of architecture, and to reproduce it in all details: aesthetical-formal, morphological, technological, structural, modular, etc. The final result is an archive of welldev...
MACE is a European research project which aims to develop methodologies of e-learning in architec... more MACE is a European research project which aims to develop methodologies of e-learning in architecture, integrating and implementing the report a lot of content already stored in database created and developed in other projects, including European. The system indexing the Learning Object in according to an approach that is based on the characteristics of the media itself and on the content and concepts that are housed in it. MACE will provide end users a service targeted to the research, acquisition, use and discussion on content reserved only a first small community of users. The development environment is that IT and especially that of Metadata. The project is to evolve simple digital containers to a collaborative environment and support the design and teaching. The project uses different types of metadata to classify content: metadata traditional ontological, contextual, related to skills, etc.. Research has focused primarily on developing a system capable of recognizing and cataloging digital content in various repositories and the definition of the characteristics that the metadata related to any content, had to have. The Application Profile is based on thesauri and classification systems and is an extension of the LOM Standard. Another aspect is the application of concepts and technologies to emerging MACE Repository PiacenzaLabs of the Piacenza Campus. The contribution is intended to amend and broaden the disciplinary and cultural references of MACE compared to architecture, to the disciplines of planning, the design of urban space, and wants to be a case study of the project, a scale and in a the papers recently definition.
During the last few years there has been a whole series of notable transformations in the field o... more During the last few years there has been a whole series of notable transformations in the field of assisted design from the viewpoint of modelling and in the approach to IT tools by the design path itself. The world and the society are rapidly evolving. Buildings and architectural spaces take on different values and disposition of volumes, often not Euclidean at all. This is due to a meeting point between new tools, able to manage the necessary know how and complexity, and the renovation and transformation thust required by the society. The Politecnico di Milano, Faculty of Architecture and Society, has a strong educational and research tradition on new technologies and computer-assisted design tools. This abstract deals with a research carried out by the CoDE (Cooperative Design Environment) Lab with the students of the "3D Parametric CAAD Design" class (Leonardo Campus-Milano) and " Automatic Drawing for Architectural Design " (Arata Campus-Piacenza), with trainees and dissertationists. Both classes deal with all the subjects concerning CAAD-assisted design, with the aim of teaching students how to work autonomously from the analytical pre-planning phase to the final rendering of the artefact. Subjects of analysis and reconstruction were not the projects, but the already created buildings that supply a wider choice of sources and information. We analyzed the formal, morphological, historical and architectural aspects. For the time being we only deal with Aalto, Botta, Bottoni, Holl, Le Corbusier, Meier, Mies van der Rohe, Niemeyer, Ponti, Terragni and Wright. CAAD Digital Model Archive of CoDE Lab presently boasts more than 250 models. By working with 5 th year senior students of the Master's Degree and Banchelor degree courses, I often wondered how and if they will be able to face the challenges implied in the current architectural framework. We therefore pushed on with the use of technologies, well beyond their original aims. In our survey we highlighted some important issues for the growing and development of a critical analysis of the students. Students choose among the proposed architectures, look for the necessary sources and rebuild the 3D CAAD virtual models. But they must not only rebuild the geometry, but also analyse and deepen at best the primary and fundamental reasons of the investigated architectures. They must understand and express proportions, meanings, dynamics, variations, properties and peculiarities. We especially focused on: the lack of the "representation scale" concept and its advantages; the virtualization of the building, which becomes a "complex and overall machine", on which we can carry out any kind of scientific simulations; the tool plasticity, combined with the digital building virtuality, allowing to simulate situations and events that never took place; the cancellation of the time factor in the simulation of the real architectural artefact evolution; the chance to re-analyze architectural modularites, symmetries, proportions of past and present architecture through a three-dimensional scientific verification tool; the chance to re-analyze and virtually rebuild buildings of the past, trying to understand not only the shape, but also the structural, matter, aggregation, technological and stylistic aspects; to investigate other aspects that can "arrange" architecture.
The ISTITUTO DI STUDI STORICI SU CITTA', TERRITORIO E PAESAGGI LOCALI (ISSt) (Institute for Histo... more The ISTITUTO DI STUDI STORICI SU CITTA', TERRITORIO E PAESAGGI LOCALI (ISSt) (Institute for Historical Studies on Cities, Territories and Local Landscapes) is a consortium made of Universities, Public Administration, foundation and private authorities, and it has been established in order to innovatively deal with the relationship between city, history and territory. The Institute carries out researches on the historical building of territories, landscapes, urban sites and remarkable buildings of the Piacenza territory. The focus of the Institute activity is to draft and provide iconographical, cartographical, historical-documentary materials for public decision-makers, researchers, students and professionals. These materials are conceived as a support to architectural, town-planning and landscape projects, to local development policies and to the evaluation of local historical-cultural assets. The Institute will contribute to analytical research, to the formulation of plans and projects aimed at giving life to intervention policies on the historical center of Piacenza, on the expected settlement expansion areas, on infrastructural development strategies, on environment and landscape protection and safeguard, on the future of rural building industry and of the northern section of Piacenza, of disused military areas and of the Po river requalification project. Such aims will be achieved through the use of innovative technologies such as CAD tools and 3D architectural and territorial modeling, reconstruction of virtual environments and spaces, 3D GIS and innovative tools for territorial and topographical analysis, total stations and laser scanners for urban space survey and representation, Web tools and shared databases for collaborative work, registration and use.
—. The teaching workgroup of the CoDE Lab of the Politecnico di Milano has always believed that a... more —. The teaching workgroup of the CoDE Lab of the Politecnico di Milano has always believed that analyzing, deconstructing and reconstructing the architecture teaches a lot in terms of understanding. If the process is done correctly, it entirely retraces the creative dynamics developed by the original designer. Subsequently, the practice we developed in teamwork is to choose a notable architectural work, designed and/or created by a Master of architecture, and to reproduce it in all details: aesthetical-formal, morphological, technological, structural, modular, etc. The final result is a well-developed reconstructed model of great specific interest. The true subject deals with architects of great stature and professional capabilities, who based their work and their career on the application of original "methods", rules and logics representing the foundation of their architecture. This case study deals with a recent research line based on Andrea Palladio's architecture, and especially on his villas. Palladio is one of the most famous and imitated architect of the world and his architecture has deeply affected whole generations of architects. Palladio is also one of the first, and most known, architects-writers and in his books we can get enough information to study and to do a 3D CAAD reconstruction, also of those parts that have never been built.
La rappresentazione dello spazio costruito, quando riferita a progetti (realizzati o meno) dei ma... more La rappresentazione dello spazio costruito, quando riferita a progetti (realizzati o meno) dei maestri del passato, è processo di analisi e comprensione delle forme, delle strutture e delle proporzioni geometrico-spaziali. Annullare il fattore temporale e reimmergersi nelle modalità progettuali e costruttive di un passato più o meno recente è una forma di rivisitazione e di indagine legata ai paradigmi stilistici e agli strumenti progettuali di un’altra epoca. Rileggere in prospettiva i fattori critici e quelli fondativi delle architetture attraverso la riproduzione di modelli tridimensionali, è immersione in spazi e tecniche costruttive altre, che porta a considerazioni metodologiche più generali sull’oggetto costruito. Poi, quando possibile, evidenziare il processo evolutivo (non necessariamente degenerativo) rappresenta un livello ulteriore di approfondimento in cui l’opera, l’architettura o lo spazio costruito sono analizzati nella loro evoluzione, nel percorso storico che li ha visti protagonisti e interpreti, di trasformazioni di forma e di uso. Affrontare questo genere di percorso nella ricerca e nella didattica, con strumenti informatizzati moderni rappresenta un nuovo tipo di comprensione degli intenti progettuali, di coscienza critica delle modalità realizzative del manufatto e dei suoi (eventuali) limiti temporali.
The recent progress in CAAD modeling technologies, based on interoperability, opens new scenarios... more The recent progress in CAAD modeling technologies, based on interoperability, opens new scenarios based on the integration of cognitive systems. An important contribution is offered by the progressive integration of technologies for geographical and territorial representation with the recent object-oriented 3D parametrical modeling of buildings and their parts of work. The models representation technology guarantees the interoperability of the objects, through the whole information sets' exchange, in both systems, and the whole merging of the models from the original software context to the digital simulation environment in order to preview its working behavior under real conditions. The Faculty of Architecture at the Politecnico di Milano is leading the implementation of these standards within the institutional educational framework. The recent progress in modeling technologies, based on interoperability, to be primarily installed among the knowledge systems, opens new scenarios based on the integration of cognitive systems in a reading pattern with well-known crossroad nodes, which can explain the reasons of environmental and economical phenomena, generated by the " families of interactions " unfolding among heterogeneous, yet interfering, dimensional scales. An important contribution to this aim is offered by the progressive integration of technologies for geographical and territorial representation with the recent object-oriented 3D parametrical modeling of buildings and their parts of work, down to the required detail level. Industry Foundation Classes is a Open Source Standard language – freely shared by export users – property of International Alliance for Interoperability – Building Smart, an international non-profit organization of researchers, public administrations, software companies, enterprises, professional, experts and universities. The IFC developing standard is already recognized as ISO PAS 16739 – 2005. The long-established link between the research activity of Politecnico di Milano and IAI dates back to the beginning of this century. In 2004 the BEST department (Building Environment Science and Technology) was founded at the Politecnico: it is the Italian Chapter of IAI, which still is the Italian reference structure for this sector. Since then many structures, companies and bodies got involved with IAI. We therefore decided to disclose and to spread the related contents on the national territory. To this aim, the "Education and Training" workgroup has been created in 2006, of which the authors of this article are members. By considering university didactics as one of the main spreading channels of innovative tools and technologies, we decided to activate an immediate feasibility plan for the inclusion into the university institutional didactics. We therefore activated within the Faculty of Architecture a first class, entitled "3D Parametric CAD Design" at the fifth year of the study course. The class has been designed as an introductory overview of the object-oriented three-dimensional interoperable parametric architectural modeling, supported by strictly theoretical stages and wide-ranging operating tutorials carried out in the IT classroom, requiring students to get thoroughly involved.
This paper presents MACE project (Metadata for Architectural Contents in Europe) that sets out to... more This paper presents MACE project (Metadata for Architectural Contents in Europe) that sets out to transform the ways of e-learning in architecture and construction in Europe. It will integrate vast amounts of content from diverse repositories created in several large projects in the past, and build a framework for providing community-based services such as finding, acquiring, using and discussing about e-learning contents that were previously not reachable. Furthermore, MACE aims at providing innovative tools to search, create content and enrich it with new metadata, which can be used to support different learning scenarios. Several kinds of metadata are used in these tools to provide different perspectives on the learning content, and find new ways to combine them.
L'evoluzione della modellazione tridimensionale dagli albori ad oggi attraverso una cavalcata vis... more L'evoluzione della modellazione tridimensionale dagli albori ad oggi attraverso una cavalcata visuale e multimediale delle sue trasformazioni
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Papers by Andrea Cammarata
Rileggere in prospettiva i fattori critici e quelli fondativi delle architetture attraverso la riproduzione di modelli tridimensionali, è immersione in spazi e tecniche costruttive altre, che porta a considerazioni metodologiche più generali sull’oggetto costruito.
Poi, quando possibile, evidenziare il processo evolutivo (non necessariamente degenerativo) rappresenta un livello ulteriore di approfondimento in cui l’opera, l’architettura o lo spazio costruito sono analizzati nella loro evoluzione, nel percorso storico che li ha visti protagonisti e interpreti, di trasformazioni di forma e di uso.
Affrontare questo genere di percorso nella ricerca e nella didattica, con strumenti informatizzati moderni rappresenta un nuovo tipo di comprensione degli intenti progettuali, di coscienza critica delle modalità realizzative del manufatto e dei suoi (eventuali) limiti temporali.
Rileggere in prospettiva i fattori critici e quelli fondativi delle architetture attraverso la riproduzione di modelli tridimensionali, è immersione in spazi e tecniche costruttive altre, che porta a considerazioni metodologiche più generali sull’oggetto costruito.
Poi, quando possibile, evidenziare il processo evolutivo (non necessariamente degenerativo) rappresenta un livello ulteriore di approfondimento in cui l’opera, l’architettura o lo spazio costruito sono analizzati nella loro evoluzione, nel percorso storico che li ha visti protagonisti e interpreti, di trasformazioni di forma e di uso.
Affrontare questo genere di percorso nella ricerca e nella didattica, con strumenti informatizzati moderni rappresenta un nuovo tipo di comprensione degli intenti progettuali, di coscienza critica delle modalità realizzative del manufatto e dei suoi (eventuali) limiti temporali.