License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided t... more License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Countries with coastlines may have valuable renewable energy resources in the form of tides, currents, waves, and offshore wind.The potential to gather energy from the sea has recently gained interest in several nations [1–3], so Marine Renewable Energy Installations (hereinafter MREIs) will likely become very diffuse in the near future and determine a further transformation of our coastal seas. Coastal zones are, in fact, already subjected to significant pressure from human activities, as a result of their high biological productivity and accessibility. It might be expected that theMRE sector developmentwill add its impacts to those of the existing pressures. Up to now the public concern about the environmental
The wind energy industry is growing worldwide. Recently, a number of physical and numerical model... more The wind energy industry is growing worldwide. Recently, a number of physical and numerical modeling studies have been carried out in Europe to implement the offshore wind turbine technology, as well as the wind resource. Accordingly, the consideration of the possible environmental impacts of this technology on the marine environment, already affected by several anthropogenic pressures (e.g. fishery, maritime traffic) becomes increasingly important. Main goal of this paper is to provide an overview of the offshore wind farm developments and the associated environmental impacts at European level. The Italian state of the art is also presented.
This paper provides a summary of 25 years of research on Risso's dolphins (Grampus griseus) i... more This paper provides a summary of 25 years of research on Risso's dolphins (Grampus griseus) in the western Ligurian Sea. Seasonal variations in abundance, distribution and habitat use were observed. Photographic mark-recapture methods provided a population size estimate for the period from 1998 to 2012, of about 100 individuals (95% CI of 60-220 individuals). The same methods detected a decline in population size from an average of about 120-150 from 2000 to 2005, to an average of 70-100 during 2010 to 2014. Species occurrence appeared to be significantly decreasing in coastal and continental slope areas, while it seemed to be stable in the most pelagic area. In addition, a dramatic change was observed in the local primary production, which was analysed based on time series of sea surface temperature and chlorophyll data from 1990 to 2014. Based on fisheries landings, there may have been a general decrease in fishery productivity, both in the western Ligurian Sea and in adjacent regions. Environmental variability, depletion of resources by fisheries and possibly interspecies competition may all have contributed to cause changes in Risso's dolphin habitat use and occurrence in the western Ligurian Sea.
License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided t... more License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Countries with coastlines may have valuable renewable energy resources in the form of tides, currents, waves, and offshore wind.The potential to gather energy from the sea has recently gained interest in several nations [1–3], so Marine Renewable Energy Installations (hereinafter MREIs) will likely become very diffuse in the near future and determine a further transformation of our coastal seas. Coastal zones are, in fact, already subjected to significant pressure from human activities, as a result of their high biological productivity and accessibility. It might be expected that theMRE sector developmentwill add its impacts to those of the existing pressures. Up to now the public concern about the environmental
The wind energy industry is growing worldwide. Recently, a number of physical and numerical model... more The wind energy industry is growing worldwide. Recently, a number of physical and numerical modeling studies have been carried out in Europe to implement the offshore wind turbine technology, as well as the wind resource. Accordingly, the consideration of the possible environmental impacts of this technology on the marine environment, already affected by several anthropogenic pressures (e.g. fishery, maritime traffic) becomes increasingly important. Main goal of this paper is to provide an overview of the offshore wind farm developments and the associated environmental impacts at European level. The Italian state of the art is also presented.
This paper provides a summary of 25 years of research on Risso's dolphins (Grampus griseus) i... more This paper provides a summary of 25 years of research on Risso's dolphins (Grampus griseus) in the western Ligurian Sea. Seasonal variations in abundance, distribution and habitat use were observed. Photographic mark-recapture methods provided a population size estimate for the period from 1998 to 2012, of about 100 individuals (95% CI of 60-220 individuals). The same methods detected a decline in population size from an average of about 120-150 from 2000 to 2005, to an average of 70-100 during 2010 to 2014. Species occurrence appeared to be significantly decreasing in coastal and continental slope areas, while it seemed to be stable in the most pelagic area. In addition, a dramatic change was observed in the local primary production, which was analysed based on time series of sea surface temperature and chlorophyll data from 1990 to 2014. Based on fisheries landings, there may have been a general decrease in fishery productivity, both in the western Ligurian Sea and in adjacent regions. Environmental variability, depletion of resources by fisheries and possibly interspecies competition may all have contributed to cause changes in Risso's dolphin habitat use and occurrence in the western Ligurian Sea.
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Papers by Arianna Azzellino