The ether soluble fraction of the roots of Ononis vaginalis Vahl. Symb. afforded three new compou... more The ether soluble fraction of the roots of Ononis vaginalis Vahl. Symb. afforded three new compounds: 3-hydroxy-4,9-dimethoxycoumestan, maginaldehyde [2-(4-hydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl)-5,6-dimethoxy-3-benzofuran-carboxaldehyde] and 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-4-styrylcoumarin. In addition, four known pterocarpans; 3,4,9-trimethoxypterocarpan, maackiain, medicarpin and trifolirhizin were also isolated. The styrylcoumarin derivative showed significant antiviral activity against Herpes simplex type 1 and weak cytotoxicity.
Phytochemical study directed by antimicrobial activity testing of the root extract of Salvadora p... more Phytochemical study directed by antimicrobial activity testing of the root extract of Salvadora persica known as "Siwak" was conducted to identify the antimicrobial components. Fresh roots were extracted with ethanol and the total extract was fractionated with CHCl3 and EtOAc. The antimicrobial activity was trapped to the CHCl3 soluble fraction. Column chromatography followed by CPTLC resulted in the isolation of three active compounds. In addition to the major compound benzyl isothiocyanate two new minor derivatives 3-methoxy benzyl isothiocyanate (1) and 3-hydroxy benzyl isothiocyanate (2) were identified. Structures were elucidated using different spectroscopic tools including UV, MS, 1D- and 2D-NMR. The isolated compounds were active against gram positive, gram negative bacteria and fungi. Key words: Salvadora persica; antimicrobial; MIC, benzyl isothocyanate derivatives.
Benzyl isothiocyanate is the active antimicrobial agent in (siwak) widely used in Islamic countri... more Benzyl isothiocyanate is the active antimicrobial agent in (siwak) widely used in Islamic countries for oral hygiene. Quantification of benzyl isothiocyanate in the ethanol extract of and some dental care herbal formulations labeled to contain siwak. Simple and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography method was designed. Separation was achieved on reverse phase C (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μ) column with a mobile phase comprising acetonitrile and water (1:1). The detection was carried out at 190 nm using ultra violet-visible detector. The flow rate was kept at 1 mL/min. A sharp and well-defined peak was obtained at the retention time of 9.322 ± 0.3 min. Linear regression analysis data for the calibration plot showed a good linear relationship between response and concentration in the range of 0.5-500 μg/mL with a regression coefficient () of 0.9977. The method was validated for accuracy, precision, robustness, and sensitivity. All the parameters examined met the current recommenda...
Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society, 2018
An accurate, sensitive, precise and simple method was developed utilizing Gas Chromatography for ... more An accurate, sensitive, precise and simple method was developed utilizing Gas Chromatography for the quantitative analysis of benzyl isothicyanate in Siwak extract and dental care herbal products claimed to contain Siwak. Rtx (30.0 m × 0.25 mm ID, 25 µm thickness) column was used and helium as carrier gas at a flow rate of 0.74 mL/min. The retention time of standard benzyl isothicyanate was 13.470 min under the described conditions. Linear regression data analysis indicated a good linear relationship between peak height measurement and concentration of benzyl isothiocyanate in the range of 10-50 µg/ml (R = 0.9971). The regression equation was y = 11,471x. The developed GC method was subjected to validation requirements set by the ICH for precision, accuracy, and robustness. The entitled GC analyses expected to be valuable for the determination of benzyl isothiocyanate in Siwak extracts and other formulations containing Siwak extract. The amount of benzyl isothiocyanate reflects the ...
Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society, 2018
The use of traditional medicine for treatment of various diseases is a common practise in most of... more The use of traditional medicine for treatment of various diseases is a common practise in most of the developing countries including the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia especially in rural areas. In this survey, Al Khobah village was selected to study the status of Traditional Medicine. Al Khobah village is located on the Southern boarders of the kingdom and characterized by diverse topography and moderate weather. The plants with medicinal uses were collected, identified and their methods of preparation and uses were recorded. After gathering all these information from the local people, literature survey was conducted on each plant to get information about pharmacological activities and weather they support the traditional use or not. The survey revealed that the uses of some plants are consistent with the experimental data in the literature. Some other plants were studied; however, they still need pharmacological investigation to prove the claimed uses. Other plant did not subject to any ...
Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society, 2018
Liver diseases are one of the fatal syndromes due to the vital role of the liver. Most of the eff... more Liver diseases are one of the fatal syndromes due to the vital role of the liver. Most of the effective treatment of liver conditions are of natural origin. Silymarin (SI) is the standard drug used for treatment of impaired liver functions. Two natural compounds possessing promising liver protection and with different chemical structures namely; the bioflavonoid hinokiflavone (HF) isolated from family Cupressaceae and the sweet saponin Glycyrrhizin (GL) present in (liquorice) were selected for the current study. Since the two compounds are of different nature, they may act by different mechanisms and express synergistic effect. Combination of the two compounds using to dose levels were challenged with single doses of HF, GL and SI as well. The comparison was monitored via measuring serum biochemical parameters including, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin, tissue parame...
A phytochemical study on the stem bark of Commiphora opobalsamum looking for cytotoxic compounds ... more A phytochemical study on the stem bark of Commiphora opobalsamum looking for cytotoxic compounds afforded eleven flavonoids, including six previously undescribed prenylated congeners, comophorin A-E, and comophoroside A. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidences and correlated with known compounds. Isolated compounds were biologically evaluated using in vitro cytotoxicity MTT-based assay against two cancer cell lines; namely human hepato-cellular carcinoma (HepG-2) and human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7). Comophoroside A revealed to retain the strongest cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 and HepG-2 cell lines with IC50 values of 8 and 12 μg/mL, respectively.
A new acylatediridoid glycoside, 6-O-α-L-(2″-acetyl-4″-O-trans-isoferuloyl) rhamnopyranosyl catal... more A new acylatediridoid glycoside, 6-O-α-L-(2″-acetyl-4″-O-trans-isoferuloyl) rhamnopyranosyl catalpol (9) together with 18 known compounds belonging to the iridoids, flavonoids, triterpene saponin glycosides and phenylethanoids (1-8, 10-18) were isolated from the aerial parts and the flowers of Buddleja polystachya. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidence and comparison with that reported in the literature. Promising adulticidal activity was shown for all extracts when tested for adulticidal and larvicidal activities against Ae. aegypti mosquitoes. Therefore, isolated compounds (1-10, 12-14 and 19) were bioassayed for their adulticidal activity. Compound 1 (phytol) was highly active with an LD50 value of 1.27 ± 0.08 μg/mosquito against adult female Ae. aegypti.
Two simple, precise and stability-indicating densitometric HPTLC method were developed and valida... more Two simple, precise and stability-indicating densitometric HPTLC method were developed and validated for qualitative and quantitative analysis of Coenzyme Q10 in pharmaceutical formulations using normal-phase (Method I) and reversed phase (Method II) silica gel TLC plates. Both methods were developed and validated with 10×20 cm glass-backed plates coated with 0.2 mm layers of either silica gel 60 F254 (E-Merck, Germany) using hexane-ethyl acetate (8.5:1.5 v/v) as developing system (Method I) or RP-18 silica gel 60 F254 (E-Merck, Germany) using methanol-acetone (4:6 v/v) as mobile phase (Method II). Both analyses were scanned with a densitometer at 282 nm. Linearity was found in the ranges 50-800 ng/spot (r(2)=0.9989) and 50-800 ng/spot (r(2)=0.9987) for Method I and Method II respectively. Stability of Coenzyme Q10 was explored by the two methods using acid, base, hydrogen peroxide, temperature and different solvents. Due to the efficiency of the method in separating Coenzyme Q10 fr...
The ether soluble fraction of the roots of Ononis vaginalis Vahl. Symb. afforded three new compou... more The ether soluble fraction of the roots of Ononis vaginalis Vahl. Symb. afforded three new compounds: 3-hydroxy-4,9-dimethoxycoumestan, maginaldehyde [2-(4-hydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl)-5,6-dimethoxy-3-benzofuran-carboxaldehyde] and 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-4-styrylcoumarin. In addition, four known pterocarpans; 3,4,9-trimethoxypterocarpan, maackiain, medicarpin and trifolirhizin were also isolated. The styrylcoumarin derivative showed significant antiviral activity against Herpes simplex type 1 and weak cytotoxicity.
Phytochemical study directed by antimicrobial activity testing of the root extract of Salvadora p... more Phytochemical study directed by antimicrobial activity testing of the root extract of Salvadora persica known as "Siwak" was conducted to identify the antimicrobial components. Fresh roots were extracted with ethanol and the total extract was fractionated with CHCl3 and EtOAc. The antimicrobial activity was trapped to the CHCl3 soluble fraction. Column chromatography followed by CPTLC resulted in the isolation of three active compounds. In addition to the major compound benzyl isothiocyanate two new minor derivatives 3-methoxy benzyl isothiocyanate (1) and 3-hydroxy benzyl isothiocyanate (2) were identified. Structures were elucidated using different spectroscopic tools including UV, MS, 1D- and 2D-NMR. The isolated compounds were active against gram positive, gram negative bacteria and fungi. Key words: Salvadora persica; antimicrobial; MIC, benzyl isothocyanate derivatives.
Benzyl isothiocyanate is the active antimicrobial agent in (siwak) widely used in Islamic countri... more Benzyl isothiocyanate is the active antimicrobial agent in (siwak) widely used in Islamic countries for oral hygiene. Quantification of benzyl isothiocyanate in the ethanol extract of and some dental care herbal formulations labeled to contain siwak. Simple and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography method was designed. Separation was achieved on reverse phase C (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μ) column with a mobile phase comprising acetonitrile and water (1:1). The detection was carried out at 190 nm using ultra violet-visible detector. The flow rate was kept at 1 mL/min. A sharp and well-defined peak was obtained at the retention time of 9.322 ± 0.3 min. Linear regression analysis data for the calibration plot showed a good linear relationship between response and concentration in the range of 0.5-500 μg/mL with a regression coefficient () of 0.9977. The method was validated for accuracy, precision, robustness, and sensitivity. All the parameters examined met the current recommenda...
Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society, 2018
An accurate, sensitive, precise and simple method was developed utilizing Gas Chromatography for ... more An accurate, sensitive, precise and simple method was developed utilizing Gas Chromatography for the quantitative analysis of benzyl isothicyanate in Siwak extract and dental care herbal products claimed to contain Siwak. Rtx (30.0 m × 0.25 mm ID, 25 µm thickness) column was used and helium as carrier gas at a flow rate of 0.74 mL/min. The retention time of standard benzyl isothicyanate was 13.470 min under the described conditions. Linear regression data analysis indicated a good linear relationship between peak height measurement and concentration of benzyl isothiocyanate in the range of 10-50 µg/ml (R = 0.9971). The regression equation was y = 11,471x. The developed GC method was subjected to validation requirements set by the ICH for precision, accuracy, and robustness. The entitled GC analyses expected to be valuable for the determination of benzyl isothiocyanate in Siwak extracts and other formulations containing Siwak extract. The amount of benzyl isothiocyanate reflects the ...
Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society, 2018
The use of traditional medicine for treatment of various diseases is a common practise in most of... more The use of traditional medicine for treatment of various diseases is a common practise in most of the developing countries including the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia especially in rural areas. In this survey, Al Khobah village was selected to study the status of Traditional Medicine. Al Khobah village is located on the Southern boarders of the kingdom and characterized by diverse topography and moderate weather. The plants with medicinal uses were collected, identified and their methods of preparation and uses were recorded. After gathering all these information from the local people, literature survey was conducted on each plant to get information about pharmacological activities and weather they support the traditional use or not. The survey revealed that the uses of some plants are consistent with the experimental data in the literature. Some other plants were studied; however, they still need pharmacological investigation to prove the claimed uses. Other plant did not subject to any ...
Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society, 2018
Liver diseases are one of the fatal syndromes due to the vital role of the liver. Most of the eff... more Liver diseases are one of the fatal syndromes due to the vital role of the liver. Most of the effective treatment of liver conditions are of natural origin. Silymarin (SI) is the standard drug used for treatment of impaired liver functions. Two natural compounds possessing promising liver protection and with different chemical structures namely; the bioflavonoid hinokiflavone (HF) isolated from family Cupressaceae and the sweet saponin Glycyrrhizin (GL) present in (liquorice) were selected for the current study. Since the two compounds are of different nature, they may act by different mechanisms and express synergistic effect. Combination of the two compounds using to dose levels were challenged with single doses of HF, GL and SI as well. The comparison was monitored via measuring serum biochemical parameters including, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin, tissue parame...
A phytochemical study on the stem bark of Commiphora opobalsamum looking for cytotoxic compounds ... more A phytochemical study on the stem bark of Commiphora opobalsamum looking for cytotoxic compounds afforded eleven flavonoids, including six previously undescribed prenylated congeners, comophorin A-E, and comophoroside A. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidences and correlated with known compounds. Isolated compounds were biologically evaluated using in vitro cytotoxicity MTT-based assay against two cancer cell lines; namely human hepato-cellular carcinoma (HepG-2) and human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7). Comophoroside A revealed to retain the strongest cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 and HepG-2 cell lines with IC50 values of 8 and 12 μg/mL, respectively.
A new acylatediridoid glycoside, 6-O-α-L-(2″-acetyl-4″-O-trans-isoferuloyl) rhamnopyranosyl catal... more A new acylatediridoid glycoside, 6-O-α-L-(2″-acetyl-4″-O-trans-isoferuloyl) rhamnopyranosyl catalpol (9) together with 18 known compounds belonging to the iridoids, flavonoids, triterpene saponin glycosides and phenylethanoids (1-8, 10-18) were isolated from the aerial parts and the flowers of Buddleja polystachya. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidence and comparison with that reported in the literature. Promising adulticidal activity was shown for all extracts when tested for adulticidal and larvicidal activities against Ae. aegypti mosquitoes. Therefore, isolated compounds (1-10, 12-14 and 19) were bioassayed for their adulticidal activity. Compound 1 (phytol) was highly active with an LD50 value of 1.27 ± 0.08 μg/mosquito against adult female Ae. aegypti.
Two simple, precise and stability-indicating densitometric HPTLC method were developed and valida... more Two simple, precise and stability-indicating densitometric HPTLC method were developed and validated for qualitative and quantitative analysis of Coenzyme Q10 in pharmaceutical formulations using normal-phase (Method I) and reversed phase (Method II) silica gel TLC plates. Both methods were developed and validated with 10×20 cm glass-backed plates coated with 0.2 mm layers of either silica gel 60 F254 (E-Merck, Germany) using hexane-ethyl acetate (8.5:1.5 v/v) as developing system (Method I) or RP-18 silica gel 60 F254 (E-Merck, Germany) using methanol-acetone (4:6 v/v) as mobile phase (Method II). Both analyses were scanned with a densitometer at 282 nm. Linearity was found in the ranges 50-800 ng/spot (r(2)=0.9989) and 50-800 ng/spot (r(2)=0.9987) for Method I and Method II respectively. Stability of Coenzyme Q10 was explored by the two methods using acid, base, hydrogen peroxide, temperature and different solvents. Due to the efficiency of the method in separating Coenzyme Q10 fr...
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