The therapeutic potential of Baccharis anomala DC. extracts was evaluated through its cytotoxic a... more The therapeutic potential of Baccharis anomala DC. extracts was evaluated through its cytotoxic and antiproliferative effect and their phenotypic reversion property in activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Baccharis anomala is distributed in Brazil (southeastern and south regions) and used for diuretic effect in folk medicine. Four fractions were obtained from the fractionation of the methanolic extract. Fractions III and IV decreased cell proliferation without increasing cell necrosis markers levels and induced cell cycle arrest in G1 phase. Fraction III induced phenotypic reversion through PPAR-γ activation pathway, while fraction IV did not alter PPAR-α/γ expression levels, suggesting that there is an independent PPAR-α/γ pathway involved. Hydroxybenzoic, chlorogenic and coumaric acids were identified. Fractions III and IV showed antiproliferative effect and ability to induce reversion of activated phenotype of HSCs.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Studies have shown interest in nutraceuticals for the prevention o... more ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Studies have shown interest in nutraceuticals for the prevention of liver diseases. Methoxyeugenol, is a molecule found in foods, such as nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) and Brazilian red propolis. These two sources of methoxyeugenol, propolis and nutmeg, are used in folk medicine for the treatment of hepatic and gastrointestinal disorders, although little is known about their effects on the prevention of liver fibrosis. Natural PPAR (Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor) agonists would represent unique molecules for therapy, considering the lack of therapeutics to treat liver fibrosis in chronic liver disease. Thus, investigation on new alternatives are necessary, including the search for natural compounds from renewable and sustainable sources. Liver fibrosis is a pathological process characterized by an exacerbated cicatricial response in the hepatic tissue, which compromises liver function. Therefore, inhibition of HSC (hepatic stellate cell) activation and hepatocyte damage are considered major strategies for the development of new anti-fibrotic treatments. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the effects of methoxyeugenol treatment on HSC phenotype modulation in human and murine cells, hepatocyte damage prevention, and protective effects in vivo, in order to evaluate its therapeutic potential for liver fibrosis prevention. METHODS We investigated the effects of methoxyeugenol in (i) in vitro models using human and murine HSC and hepatocytes, and (ii) in vivo models of CCl4 (carbon tetrachloride) -induced liver fibrosis in mice. RESULTS We herein report that methoxyeugenol decreases HSC activation through the activation of PPAR-ɣ, ultimately inducing a quiescent phenotype highlighted by an increase in lipid droplets, loss of contraction ability, and a decrease in the proliferative rate and mRNA expression of fibroblast markers. In addition, methoxyeugenol prevented hepatocytes from oxidative stress damage. Moreover, in mice submitted to chronic liver disease through CCl4 administration, methoxyeugenol decreased the inflammatory profile, liver fibrosis, mRNA expression of fibrotic genes, and the inflammatory pathway signaled by NF-kB (Nuclear factor kappa B). CONCLUSION We propose methoxyeugenol as a novel and potential therapeutic approach to treat chronic liver disease and fibrosis.
In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology – Plant, 1997
... ELIANE R. SANTAREM, 2 BERNARD PELISSIER, 3 AND JOHN J. FINER 1 ... not significantly differen... more ... ELIANE R. SANTAREM, 2 BERNARD PELISSIER, 3 AND JOHN J. FINER 1 ... not significantly different from the control (Table 4). In Hordeum vulgare, the addition of ACC and AgNO3 to the medium also showed no stimulatory effects on somatic embryo induction (Evans and Batty ...
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) can mitigate the detrimental effects of salinity in p... more Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) can mitigate the detrimental effects of salinity in plants. We characterized Streptomyces spp. as halotolerant PGPR and evaluated their influence on salt stress-tolerance mechanisms in maize plants. Bacterial halotolerance was evaluated at concentrations up to 900 mM NaCl, analyzing cell growth, viability, and production of secondary metabolites. The mechanisms of systemic tolerance in plants, such as the enzymatic activity of the antioxidant system and the production of osmolytes, were analyzed in bacterized plants under salt stress (100 and 300 mM NaCl). Isolates proved viable and produced indolic compounds and siderophores under NaCl conditions. Synthesis of indolic compounds and phosphate solubilization were induced in CLV179 by salt stress. The activity of the antioxidant enzymes and the synthesis of proline increased in bacterized plants submitted to salt stress, mainly those treated with isolate CLV97 and CLV179. Response of Streptomyces-treated plant to salinity was observed in roots and leaves, suggesting a mechanism of systemic tolerance. Therefore, bacterization with Streptomyces spp. alleviated the deleterious effects of salinity in maize plants by modulating the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant mechanisms.
A utilizacao de microparticulas de tungstenio cobertas com DNA e submetidas a uma rapida descarga... more A utilizacao de microparticulas de tungstenio cobertas com DNA e submetidas a uma rapida descarga de alta pressao de gas helio e o principal meio de introducao de genes em tecidos vegetais que independe da acao viral ou bacteriana e, portanto, nao limita- se ou depende da relacao patogeno-hospedeiro, especies e genotipos. A transformacao genetica de explantes de Eucalyptus mediada por agrobacterias e bastante ineficiente para a maioria das especies e clones deste genero arboreo e, por isso, o estabelecimento de um protocolo eficiente por meio do acelerador de particulas “Particle Inflow Gun” para modificar geneticamente eucalipto e uma alternativa, embora tambem desafiador. Fatores como a substância utilizada para a lavagem e a ressuspensao de microparticulas, a concentracao de microparticulas e de DNA plasmidial, assim como a distância percorrida pelas particulas, o tipo de tecido vegetal exposto ao bombardeamento, o numero de disparos realizados no tecido vegetal e a utilizacao de...
Saline stress is one of the abiotic stresses that most compromises the yield of crops and can be ... more Saline stress is one of the abiotic stresses that most compromises the yield of crops and can be mitigated by plant growthpromoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). This work characterized rhizobacteria isolates from the genus Streptomyces as PGPR and evaluated their role on growth and alleviation of the effects caused by saline stress in maize (Zea mays L.). Production of indolic compounds (IC), siderophores, ACC deaminase, phenazines, and promotion of plant growth were determined to characterize bacterial isolates. Salinity tolerance was accessed by culturing the Streptomyces isolates under NaCl increasing concentrations (0-300 mM). Four Streptomyces isolates exhibiting PGPR traits and salinity tolerance were selected and their effect on tolerance of maize plants to saline stress was evaluated. Plants obtained from bacterized seeds and submitted to 100 and 300 mM NaCl were used. All Streptomyces spp. produced IC and siderophores, CLV178 being the best producer of these two compounds. ACC deaminase was detected in six of the 10 isolates (CLV95, CLV97, CLV127, CLV179, CLV193, and CLV205), while phenazines were found only in CLV186 and CLV194. All isolates were tolerant to salinity, growing at concentrations up to 300 mM NaCl, with exception of CLV188. Increased concentrations of IC were detected in most of the isolates exposed to salinity. CLV97 and CLV179 significantly promoted growth of roots and leaves of maize plants and attenuated the negative effects of salinity on plant growth. Root colonization by Streptomyces spp. was confirmed in plants cultivated 20 days under saline stress.
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) can mitigate the detrimental effects of salinity in p... more Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) can mitigate the detrimental effects of salinity in plants. We characterized Streptomyces spp. as halotolerant PGPR and evaluated their influence on salt stress-tolerance mechanisms in maize plants. Bacterial halotolerance was evaluated at concentrations up to 900 mM NaCl, analyzing cell growth, viability, and production of secondary metabolites. The mechanisms of systemic tolerance in plants, such as the enzymatic activity of the antioxidant system and the production of osmolytes, were analyzed in bacterized plants under salt stress (100 and 300 mM NaCl). Isolates proved viable and produced indolic compounds and siderophores under NaCl conditions. Synthesis of indolic compounds and phosphate solubilization were induced in CLV179 by salt stress. The activity of the antioxidant enzymes and the synthesis of proline increased in bacterized plants submitted to salt stress, mainly those treated with isolate CLV97 and CLV179. Response of Streptomyces-treated plant to salinity was observed in roots and leaves, suggesting a mechanism of systemic tolerance. Therefore, bacterization with Streptomyces spp. alleviated the deleterious effects of salinity in maize plants by modulating the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant mechanisms.
The therapeutic potential of Baccharis anomala DC. extracts was evaluated through its cytotoxic a... more The therapeutic potential of Baccharis anomala DC. extracts was evaluated through its cytotoxic and antiproliferative effect and their phenotypic reversion property in activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Baccharis anomala is distributed in Brazil (southeastern and south regions) and used for diuretic effect in folk medicine. Four fractions were obtained from the fractionation of the methanolic extract. Fractions III and IV decreased cell proliferation without increasing cell necrosis markers levels and induced cell cycle arrest in G1 phase. Fraction III induced phenotypic reversion through PPAR-γ activation pathway, while fraction IV did not alter PPAR-α/γ expression levels, suggesting that there is an independent PPAR-α/γ pathway involved. Hydroxybenzoic, chlorogenic and coumaric acids were identified. Fractions III and IV showed antiproliferative effect and ability to induce reversion of activated phenotype of HSCs.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Studies have shown interest in nutraceuticals for the prevention o... more ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Studies have shown interest in nutraceuticals for the prevention of liver diseases. Methoxyeugenol, is a molecule found in foods, such as nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) and Brazilian red propolis. These two sources of methoxyeugenol, propolis and nutmeg, are used in folk medicine for the treatment of hepatic and gastrointestinal disorders, although little is known about their effects on the prevention of liver fibrosis. Natural PPAR (Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor) agonists would represent unique molecules for therapy, considering the lack of therapeutics to treat liver fibrosis in chronic liver disease. Thus, investigation on new alternatives are necessary, including the search for natural compounds from renewable and sustainable sources. Liver fibrosis is a pathological process characterized by an exacerbated cicatricial response in the hepatic tissue, which compromises liver function. Therefore, inhibition of HSC (hepatic stellate cell) activation and hepatocyte damage are considered major strategies for the development of new anti-fibrotic treatments. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the effects of methoxyeugenol treatment on HSC phenotype modulation in human and murine cells, hepatocyte damage prevention, and protective effects in vivo, in order to evaluate its therapeutic potential for liver fibrosis prevention. METHODS We investigated the effects of methoxyeugenol in (i) in vitro models using human and murine HSC and hepatocytes, and (ii) in vivo models of CCl4 (carbon tetrachloride) -induced liver fibrosis in mice. RESULTS We herein report that methoxyeugenol decreases HSC activation through the activation of PPAR-ɣ, ultimately inducing a quiescent phenotype highlighted by an increase in lipid droplets, loss of contraction ability, and a decrease in the proliferative rate and mRNA expression of fibroblast markers. In addition, methoxyeugenol prevented hepatocytes from oxidative stress damage. Moreover, in mice submitted to chronic liver disease through CCl4 administration, methoxyeugenol decreased the inflammatory profile, liver fibrosis, mRNA expression of fibrotic genes, and the inflammatory pathway signaled by NF-kB (Nuclear factor kappa B). CONCLUSION We propose methoxyeugenol as a novel and potential therapeutic approach to treat chronic liver disease and fibrosis.
In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology – Plant, 1997
... ELIANE R. SANTAREM, 2 BERNARD PELISSIER, 3 AND JOHN J. FINER 1 ... not significantly differen... more ... ELIANE R. SANTAREM, 2 BERNARD PELISSIER, 3 AND JOHN J. FINER 1 ... not significantly different from the control (Table 4). In Hordeum vulgare, the addition of ACC and AgNO3 to the medium also showed no stimulatory effects on somatic embryo induction (Evans and Batty ...
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) can mitigate the detrimental effects of salinity in p... more Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) can mitigate the detrimental effects of salinity in plants. We characterized Streptomyces spp. as halotolerant PGPR and evaluated their influence on salt stress-tolerance mechanisms in maize plants. Bacterial halotolerance was evaluated at concentrations up to 900 mM NaCl, analyzing cell growth, viability, and production of secondary metabolites. The mechanisms of systemic tolerance in plants, such as the enzymatic activity of the antioxidant system and the production of osmolytes, were analyzed in bacterized plants under salt stress (100 and 300 mM NaCl). Isolates proved viable and produced indolic compounds and siderophores under NaCl conditions. Synthesis of indolic compounds and phosphate solubilization were induced in CLV179 by salt stress. The activity of the antioxidant enzymes and the synthesis of proline increased in bacterized plants submitted to salt stress, mainly those treated with isolate CLV97 and CLV179. Response of Streptomyces-treated plant to salinity was observed in roots and leaves, suggesting a mechanism of systemic tolerance. Therefore, bacterization with Streptomyces spp. alleviated the deleterious effects of salinity in maize plants by modulating the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant mechanisms.
A utilizacao de microparticulas de tungstenio cobertas com DNA e submetidas a uma rapida descarga... more A utilizacao de microparticulas de tungstenio cobertas com DNA e submetidas a uma rapida descarga de alta pressao de gas helio e o principal meio de introducao de genes em tecidos vegetais que independe da acao viral ou bacteriana e, portanto, nao limita- se ou depende da relacao patogeno-hospedeiro, especies e genotipos. A transformacao genetica de explantes de Eucalyptus mediada por agrobacterias e bastante ineficiente para a maioria das especies e clones deste genero arboreo e, por isso, o estabelecimento de um protocolo eficiente por meio do acelerador de particulas “Particle Inflow Gun” para modificar geneticamente eucalipto e uma alternativa, embora tambem desafiador. Fatores como a substância utilizada para a lavagem e a ressuspensao de microparticulas, a concentracao de microparticulas e de DNA plasmidial, assim como a distância percorrida pelas particulas, o tipo de tecido vegetal exposto ao bombardeamento, o numero de disparos realizados no tecido vegetal e a utilizacao de...
Saline stress is one of the abiotic stresses that most compromises the yield of crops and can be ... more Saline stress is one of the abiotic stresses that most compromises the yield of crops and can be mitigated by plant growthpromoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). This work characterized rhizobacteria isolates from the genus Streptomyces as PGPR and evaluated their role on growth and alleviation of the effects caused by saline stress in maize (Zea mays L.). Production of indolic compounds (IC), siderophores, ACC deaminase, phenazines, and promotion of plant growth were determined to characterize bacterial isolates. Salinity tolerance was accessed by culturing the Streptomyces isolates under NaCl increasing concentrations (0-300 mM). Four Streptomyces isolates exhibiting PGPR traits and salinity tolerance were selected and their effect on tolerance of maize plants to saline stress was evaluated. Plants obtained from bacterized seeds and submitted to 100 and 300 mM NaCl were used. All Streptomyces spp. produced IC and siderophores, CLV178 being the best producer of these two compounds. ACC deaminase was detected in six of the 10 isolates (CLV95, CLV97, CLV127, CLV179, CLV193, and CLV205), while phenazines were found only in CLV186 and CLV194. All isolates were tolerant to salinity, growing at concentrations up to 300 mM NaCl, with exception of CLV188. Increased concentrations of IC were detected in most of the isolates exposed to salinity. CLV97 and CLV179 significantly promoted growth of roots and leaves of maize plants and attenuated the negative effects of salinity on plant growth. Root colonization by Streptomyces spp. was confirmed in plants cultivated 20 days under saline stress.
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) can mitigate the detrimental effects of salinity in p... more Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) can mitigate the detrimental effects of salinity in plants. We characterized Streptomyces spp. as halotolerant PGPR and evaluated their influence on salt stress-tolerance mechanisms in maize plants. Bacterial halotolerance was evaluated at concentrations up to 900 mM NaCl, analyzing cell growth, viability, and production of secondary metabolites. The mechanisms of systemic tolerance in plants, such as the enzymatic activity of the antioxidant system and the production of osmolytes, were analyzed in bacterized plants under salt stress (100 and 300 mM NaCl). Isolates proved viable and produced indolic compounds and siderophores under NaCl conditions. Synthesis of indolic compounds and phosphate solubilization were induced in CLV179 by salt stress. The activity of the antioxidant enzymes and the synthesis of proline increased in bacterized plants submitted to salt stress, mainly those treated with isolate CLV97 and CLV179. Response of Streptomyces-treated plant to salinity was observed in roots and leaves, suggesting a mechanism of systemic tolerance. Therefore, bacterization with Streptomyces spp. alleviated the deleterious effects of salinity in maize plants by modulating the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant mechanisms.
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