ABSTRACT This research examines the impact of same-sex versus opposite-sex social comparisons on ... more ABSTRACT This research examines the impact of same-sex versus opposite-sex social comparisons on the perception of one’s own abilities at school and subsequent reported marks and academic choices. During their final year, male and female high school students were asked to describe themselves either in comparison with boys in their class, in comparison with girls in their class or without any explicit social comparison (control group). The interaction effects of gender and comparison context on academic selfconcept, school marks and academic choices indicated that gender differences depend on the comparison context. Particularly, as predicted, gender differences disappeared in the same-sex social comparison condition, and even became inverted for the intended academic choices. Here, boys intended to choose more than girls Preparatory Courses for Higher Education (PCHE) in the opposite-sex social comparison condition, while girls more often chose a prestigious PCHE than boys in the same-sex social comparison condition. The theoretical, methodological and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
This study examines the evolution of Schwartz’s Basic Human Values during the COVID-19 outbreak, ... more This study examines the evolution of Schwartz’s Basic Human Values during the COVID-19 outbreak, and their relationships with perceived threat, compliance with movement restrictions and social distancing. An online questionnaire was administered to a heterogeneous sample of French citizens (N= 1025) during the first French lockdown related to the outbreak. Results revealed a significant evolution of values; the conservation value was higher during the outbreak than usual, and both self-enhancement and openness-to-change values were lower during the COVID-19 outbreak than usual. Conservation and perceived threat during the outbreak were robustly and positively related to both compliance with movement restrictions and social distancing. Conservation during the outbreak emerged as a significant partial mediator of the relationship between perceived threat and outcomes (i.e., compliance with movement restrictions and social distancing). Implications of these results for the malleability...
... English. Article scientifique, unige:14983. Titre Personality, Social Comparison and Self-cat... more ... English. Article scientifique, unige:14983. Titre Personality, Social Comparison and Self-categorization Auteur Guimond, Serge Chatard, Armand Kang, Pomseok Publié dans European Journal of Personality, 2010, vol. 24, p. 488 ...
Social psychologists have developed influential theoretical models to understand intergroup confl... more Social psychologists have developed influential theoretical models to understand intergroup conflicts, radicalism, and collective action. November 2018 saw the emergence of a new powerful movement in France named the Yellow Vests. Born on social media, the movement has sustained an unprecedented period of intense protests and violent clashes with the police, challenging the French government. As such, this movement offers an ideal context to examine the real‐world relevance of current social‐psychological theorizing. Using a social identity and self‐categorization perspective, two correlational studies (three samples, N = 1,849) tested the role of self‐categorization as a group member, or social identity, in accounting for individual participation in normative and nonnormative collective action. Using different operationalizations of identification, both studies confirm a powerful role of identification as a Yellow Vest and provided evidence that the effect of social media use on co...
extrême gauche, comme l'extrême droite, a engendré des intolérances, des régimes fascistes, d... more extrême gauche, comme l'extrême droite, a engendré des intolérances, des régimes fascistes, de l'autorita-risme, des tyrannies et des dictatures, ceci indépendam-ment du fait que le contenu idéologique de ces politiques extrémistes est différent (Courtois, Werth, Panné, Paczkowski, Bartosek et Margolin, 1997). Ainsi, nous pourrions supposer l'existence d'une structure cognitive commune à toutes les idéologies et relativement indépendante du contenu de celles-ci. Pour Rokeach (1960), cette structure est le dogmatisme. Au travers d'un système de croyances (be-lief / lief / lief disbelief system), qui est l'organisation entre les croyances que l'on adopte et celles que l'on connaît mais que l'on n'adopte pas, Rokeach défi ni « l'esprit fermé », qui correspond à un système de croyances clos caracté-risé par une résistance, une intolérance à l'égard d'autres idées. « L'esprit ouvert » est, par opposition, le refl et d'un système...
ABSTRACT This research examines the impact of same-sex versus opposite-sex social comparisons on ... more ABSTRACT This research examines the impact of same-sex versus opposite-sex social comparisons on the perception of one’s own abilities at school and subsequent reported marks and academic choices. During their final year, male and female high school students were asked to describe themselves either in comparison with boys in their class, in comparison with girls in their class or without any explicit social comparison (control group). The interaction effects of gender and comparison context on academic selfconcept, school marks and academic choices indicated that gender differences depend on the comparison context. Particularly, as predicted, gender differences disappeared in the same-sex social comparison condition, and even became inverted for the intended academic choices. Here, boys intended to choose more than girls Preparatory Courses for Higher Education (PCHE) in the opposite-sex social comparison condition, while girls more often chose a prestigious PCHE than boys in the same-sex social comparison condition. The theoretical, methodological and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
This study examines the evolution of Schwartz’s Basic Human Values during the COVID-19 outbreak, ... more This study examines the evolution of Schwartz’s Basic Human Values during the COVID-19 outbreak, and their relationships with perceived threat, compliance with movement restrictions and social distancing. An online questionnaire was administered to a heterogeneous sample of French citizens (N= 1025) during the first French lockdown related to the outbreak. Results revealed a significant evolution of values; the conservation value was higher during the outbreak than usual, and both self-enhancement and openness-to-change values were lower during the COVID-19 outbreak than usual. Conservation and perceived threat during the outbreak were robustly and positively related to both compliance with movement restrictions and social distancing. Conservation during the outbreak emerged as a significant partial mediator of the relationship between perceived threat and outcomes (i.e., compliance with movement restrictions and social distancing). Implications of these results for the malleability...
... English. Article scientifique, unige:14983. Titre Personality, Social Comparison and Self-cat... more ... English. Article scientifique, unige:14983. Titre Personality, Social Comparison and Self-categorization Auteur Guimond, Serge Chatard, Armand Kang, Pomseok Publié dans European Journal of Personality, 2010, vol. 24, p. 488 ...
Social psychologists have developed influential theoretical models to understand intergroup confl... more Social psychologists have developed influential theoretical models to understand intergroup conflicts, radicalism, and collective action. November 2018 saw the emergence of a new powerful movement in France named the Yellow Vests. Born on social media, the movement has sustained an unprecedented period of intense protests and violent clashes with the police, challenging the French government. As such, this movement offers an ideal context to examine the real‐world relevance of current social‐psychological theorizing. Using a social identity and self‐categorization perspective, two correlational studies (three samples, N = 1,849) tested the role of self‐categorization as a group member, or social identity, in accounting for individual participation in normative and nonnormative collective action. Using different operationalizations of identification, both studies confirm a powerful role of identification as a Yellow Vest and provided evidence that the effect of social media use on co...
extrême gauche, comme l'extrême droite, a engendré des intolérances, des régimes fascistes, d... more extrême gauche, comme l'extrême droite, a engendré des intolérances, des régimes fascistes, de l'autorita-risme, des tyrannies et des dictatures, ceci indépendam-ment du fait que le contenu idéologique de ces politiques extrémistes est différent (Courtois, Werth, Panné, Paczkowski, Bartosek et Margolin, 1997). Ainsi, nous pourrions supposer l'existence d'une structure cognitive commune à toutes les idéologies et relativement indépendante du contenu de celles-ci. Pour Rokeach (1960), cette structure est le dogmatisme. Au travers d'un système de croyances (be-lief / lief / lief disbelief system), qui est l'organisation entre les croyances que l'on adopte et celles que l'on connaît mais que l'on n'adopte pas, Rokeach défi ni « l'esprit fermé », qui correspond à un système de croyances clos caracté-risé par une résistance, une intolérance à l'égard d'autres idées. « L'esprit ouvert » est, par opposition, le refl et d'un système...
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