The topic of my PhD project was Delirium in Intensive Care Patients. I successfully defended my thesis in April 2012. Interested in some of my work look at: http://www.umcn.nl/Research/Departments/intensive%20care/Pages/vandenBoogaard.aspx Supervisors: Prof. J.G. van der Hoeven, MD, Phd, Prof. Th. van Achterberg, RN, PhD , L. Schoonhoven, RN, PhD, and Prof. P. Pickkers, MD, PhD
IntroductionDue to advances in critical care medicine, more patients survive their critical illne... more IntroductionDue to advances in critical care medicine, more patients survive their critical illness. However, intensive care unit (ICU) survivors often experience long-term physical, cognitive and mental problems, summarised as post-intensive care syndrome (PICS), impacting their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). In what frequency PICS occurs, and to what extent this influences ICU survivors’ HRQoL, is mostly unknown. The aims of this study are therefore to study the: (1) 5-year patient outcomes, (2) predictors for PICS, (3) ratio between HRQoL of ICU survivors and healthcare-related costs, and (4) care and support needs.MethodsThe MONITOR-IC study is a multicentre prospective controlled cohort study, carried out in ICUs in four Dutch hospitals. Patients will be included between July 2016 and July 2021 and followed for 5 years. We estimated to include 12000 ICU patients. Outcomes are the HRQoL, physical, cognitive and mental symptoms, ICU survivors’ care and support needs, hea...
American journal of critical care : an official publication, American Association of Critical-Care Nurses, 2018
Exposure to bright light has alerting effects. In nurses, alertness may be decreased because of s... more Exposure to bright light has alerting effects. In nurses, alertness may be decreased because of shift work and high work pressure, potentially reducing work performance and increasing the risk for medical errors. To determine whether high-intensity dynamic light improves cognitive performance, self-reported depressive signs and symptoms, fatigue, alertness, and well-being in intensive care unit nurses. In a single-center crossover study in an intensive care unit of a teaching hospital in the Netherlands, 10 registered nurses were randomly divided into 2 groups. Each group worked alternately for 3 to 4 days in patients' rooms with dynamic light and 3 to 4 days in control lighting settings. High-intensity dynamic light was administered through ceiling-mounted fluorescent tubes that delivered bluish white light up to 1700 lux during the daytime, versus 300 lux in control settings. Cognitive performance, self-reported depressive signs and symptoms, fatigue, and well-being before and...
Cardiac surgery (CS) is facilitated by multiple perioperative guidelines and protocols. Use of a ... more Cardiac surgery (CS) is facilitated by multiple perioperative guidelines and protocols. Use of a clinical pathway (CP) may facilitate the care of these patients. This is a pre-post design study in the ICU of a tertiary referral centre. A CP for CS patients in the ICU was developed by ICU-nurses and enabled them to execute proactively predefined actions in accordance with and within the preset boundaries which were part of a variance report. A tailored implementation strategy was used. Primary outcome measure was protocol adherence above 80% on the domains of blood pressure control, action on chest tube blood loss and electrolyte control within the CP. In a 4-month period, 84 consecutive CP patients were included and compared with 162 matched control patients admitted in the year before implementation; 3 patients were excluded. Propensity score was used as matching parameter. CP patients were more likely to receive early adequate treatment for derangements in electrolytes (96% vs 47%...
To develop and validate an abbreviated version of the Cognitive Failure Questionnaire that can be... more To develop and validate an abbreviated version of the Cognitive Failure Questionnaire that can be used by patients as part of self-assessment to measure functional cognitive outcome in ICU survivors. A retrospective multicenter observational study. The ICUs of two Dutch university hospitals. Adult ICU survivors. None. Cognitive functioning was evaluated between 12 and 24 months after ICU discharge using the full 25-item Cognitive Failure Questionnaire (CFQ-25). Incomplete CFQ-25 questionnaires were excluded from analysis. Forward selection in a linear regression model was used in hospital A to assess which of the CFQ-25 items should be included to prevent a significant loss of correlation between an abbreviated and the full CFQ-25. Subsequently, the performance of an abbreviated Cognitive Failure Questionnaire was determined in hospital B using Pearson's correlation. A Bland-Altman plot was used to examine whether the reduced-item outcome scores of an abbreviated Cognitive Failu...
Neuroinflammation is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of ICU-acquired deliri... more Neuroinflammation is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of ICU-acquired delirium, but the association between inflammatory and brain-specific proteins and ICU delirium is poor. We investigated whether or not serial determinations of markers may improve this association. Critically ill patients with a high risk of ICU delirium and with an ICU length of stay of at least 6Â days were included in the study. Blood was drawn on days 1, 2, 4 and 6 after ICU admission and analyzed for different markers of inflammation and several brain proteins. Differences in courses over time prior to and following the onset of delirium and absolute differences over time were analyzed in patients with and without delirium using repeated measurement analysis of variance. In addition, a cross-sectional analysis of levels of these markers before the first onset of delirium was performed. Fifty patients were included in this study. In the longitudinal analysis, there were no differences in t...
We assessed the prevalence and variables associated with haloperidol use for delirium in ICU pati... more We assessed the prevalence and variables associated with haloperidol use for delirium in ICU patients and explored any associations of haloperidol use with 90-day mortality. All acutely admitted, adult ICU patients were screened during a 2-week inception period. We followed the patient throughout their ICU stay and assessed 90-day mortality. We assessed patients and their variables in the first 24 and 72Â h in ICU and studied their association together with that of ICU characteristics with haloperidol use. We included 1260 patients from 99 ICUs in 13 countries. Delirium occurred in 314/1260 patients [25% (95% confidence interval 23-27)] of whom 145 received haloperidol [46% (41-52)]. Other interventions for delirium were benzodiazepines in 36% (31-42), dexmedetomidine in 21% (17-26), quetiapine in 19% (14-23) and olanzapine in 9% (6-12) of the patients with delirium. In the first 24 h in the ICU, all subtypes of delirium [hyperactive, adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 29.7 (12.9-74.5); mixed...
American journal of critical care : an official publication, American Association of Critical-Care Nurses, 2018
Delirium occurs frequently in the intensive care unit and is associated with detrimental conseque... more Delirium occurs frequently in the intensive care unit and is associated with detrimental consequences. Cognitive training is a promising, nonpharmacologic, preventive intervention, but it is unknown whether cognitive training is feasible for patients in intensive care units. To examine the feasibility for both nurses and patients of using cognitive training exercises for intensive care unit patients. A pilot study of a set of cognitive training exercises in a large, academic intensive care unit. Feasibility of the exercises, operationalized as practicability and burden for the patient and the nurse, was tested in multiple rounds and evaluated using Likert scales and open-ended questions, patients' vital signs, and time investment. In total, 75 patients were included. During the first round, 11 exercises were separately tested by nursing researchers in 44 cooperative patients (50% with delirium). Four exercises were evaluated as burdensome and were excluded. Vital signs did not a...
Australian critical care : official journal of the Confederation of Australian Critical Care Nurses, Jan 12, 2018
Delirium occurs frequently in intensive care unit (ICU) patients and is associated with numerous ... more Delirium occurs frequently in intensive care unit (ICU) patients and is associated with numerous deleterious outcomes. There is a large variation in reported delirium occurrence rates, ranging from 4% to 89%. Apart from patient and treatment-related factors, organisational factors could influence delirium incidence, but this is currently unknown. To systematically review delirium incidence and determine whether or not organisational factors may contribute to the observed delirium incidence in adult ICU patients. Systematic review of prospective cohort studies reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Included articles were independently assessed by two researchers. Quality of the articles was determined using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology checklist. Subsequently, apart from patient characteristics, a meta-regression analysis was performed on available organisational factors, incl...
IntroductionDue to advances in critical care medicine, more patients survive their critical illne... more IntroductionDue to advances in critical care medicine, more patients survive their critical illness. However, intensive care unit (ICU) survivors often experience long-term physical, cognitive and mental problems, summarised as post-intensive care syndrome (PICS), impacting their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). In what frequency PICS occurs, and to what extent this influences ICU survivors’ HRQoL, is mostly unknown. The aims of this study are therefore to study the: (1) 5-year patient outcomes, (2) predictors for PICS, (3) ratio between HRQoL of ICU survivors and healthcare-related costs, and (4) care and support needs.MethodsThe MONITOR-IC study is a multicentre prospective controlled cohort study, carried out in ICUs in four Dutch hospitals. Patients will be included between July 2016 and July 2021 and followed for 5 years. We estimated to include 12000 ICU patients. Outcomes are the HRQoL, physical, cognitive and mental symptoms, ICU survivors’ care and support needs, hea...
American journal of critical care : an official publication, American Association of Critical-Care Nurses, 2018
Exposure to bright light has alerting effects. In nurses, alertness may be decreased because of s... more Exposure to bright light has alerting effects. In nurses, alertness may be decreased because of shift work and high work pressure, potentially reducing work performance and increasing the risk for medical errors. To determine whether high-intensity dynamic light improves cognitive performance, self-reported depressive signs and symptoms, fatigue, alertness, and well-being in intensive care unit nurses. In a single-center crossover study in an intensive care unit of a teaching hospital in the Netherlands, 10 registered nurses were randomly divided into 2 groups. Each group worked alternately for 3 to 4 days in patients' rooms with dynamic light and 3 to 4 days in control lighting settings. High-intensity dynamic light was administered through ceiling-mounted fluorescent tubes that delivered bluish white light up to 1700 lux during the daytime, versus 300 lux in control settings. Cognitive performance, self-reported depressive signs and symptoms, fatigue, and well-being before and...
Cardiac surgery (CS) is facilitated by multiple perioperative guidelines and protocols. Use of a ... more Cardiac surgery (CS) is facilitated by multiple perioperative guidelines and protocols. Use of a clinical pathway (CP) may facilitate the care of these patients. This is a pre-post design study in the ICU of a tertiary referral centre. A CP for CS patients in the ICU was developed by ICU-nurses and enabled them to execute proactively predefined actions in accordance with and within the preset boundaries which were part of a variance report. A tailored implementation strategy was used. Primary outcome measure was protocol adherence above 80% on the domains of blood pressure control, action on chest tube blood loss and electrolyte control within the CP. In a 4-month period, 84 consecutive CP patients were included and compared with 162 matched control patients admitted in the year before implementation; 3 patients were excluded. Propensity score was used as matching parameter. CP patients were more likely to receive early adequate treatment for derangements in electrolytes (96% vs 47%...
To develop and validate an abbreviated version of the Cognitive Failure Questionnaire that can be... more To develop and validate an abbreviated version of the Cognitive Failure Questionnaire that can be used by patients as part of self-assessment to measure functional cognitive outcome in ICU survivors. A retrospective multicenter observational study. The ICUs of two Dutch university hospitals. Adult ICU survivors. None. Cognitive functioning was evaluated between 12 and 24 months after ICU discharge using the full 25-item Cognitive Failure Questionnaire (CFQ-25). Incomplete CFQ-25 questionnaires were excluded from analysis. Forward selection in a linear regression model was used in hospital A to assess which of the CFQ-25 items should be included to prevent a significant loss of correlation between an abbreviated and the full CFQ-25. Subsequently, the performance of an abbreviated Cognitive Failure Questionnaire was determined in hospital B using Pearson's correlation. A Bland-Altman plot was used to examine whether the reduced-item outcome scores of an abbreviated Cognitive Failu...
Neuroinflammation is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of ICU-acquired deliri... more Neuroinflammation is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of ICU-acquired delirium, but the association between inflammatory and brain-specific proteins and ICU delirium is poor. We investigated whether or not serial determinations of markers may improve this association. Critically ill patients with a high risk of ICU delirium and with an ICU length of stay of at least 6Â days were included in the study. Blood was drawn on days 1, 2, 4 and 6 after ICU admission and analyzed for different markers of inflammation and several brain proteins. Differences in courses over time prior to and following the onset of delirium and absolute differences over time were analyzed in patients with and without delirium using repeated measurement analysis of variance. In addition, a cross-sectional analysis of levels of these markers before the first onset of delirium was performed. Fifty patients were included in this study. In the longitudinal analysis, there were no differences in t...
We assessed the prevalence and variables associated with haloperidol use for delirium in ICU pati... more We assessed the prevalence and variables associated with haloperidol use for delirium in ICU patients and explored any associations of haloperidol use with 90-day mortality. All acutely admitted, adult ICU patients were screened during a 2-week inception period. We followed the patient throughout their ICU stay and assessed 90-day mortality. We assessed patients and their variables in the first 24 and 72Â h in ICU and studied their association together with that of ICU characteristics with haloperidol use. We included 1260 patients from 99 ICUs in 13 countries. Delirium occurred in 314/1260 patients [25% (95% confidence interval 23-27)] of whom 145 received haloperidol [46% (41-52)]. Other interventions for delirium were benzodiazepines in 36% (31-42), dexmedetomidine in 21% (17-26), quetiapine in 19% (14-23) and olanzapine in 9% (6-12) of the patients with delirium. In the first 24 h in the ICU, all subtypes of delirium [hyperactive, adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 29.7 (12.9-74.5); mixed...
American journal of critical care : an official publication, American Association of Critical-Care Nurses, 2018
Delirium occurs frequently in the intensive care unit and is associated with detrimental conseque... more Delirium occurs frequently in the intensive care unit and is associated with detrimental consequences. Cognitive training is a promising, nonpharmacologic, preventive intervention, but it is unknown whether cognitive training is feasible for patients in intensive care units. To examine the feasibility for both nurses and patients of using cognitive training exercises for intensive care unit patients. A pilot study of a set of cognitive training exercises in a large, academic intensive care unit. Feasibility of the exercises, operationalized as practicability and burden for the patient and the nurse, was tested in multiple rounds and evaluated using Likert scales and open-ended questions, patients' vital signs, and time investment. In total, 75 patients were included. During the first round, 11 exercises were separately tested by nursing researchers in 44 cooperative patients (50% with delirium). Four exercises were evaluated as burdensome and were excluded. Vital signs did not a...
Australian critical care : official journal of the Confederation of Australian Critical Care Nurses, Jan 12, 2018
Delirium occurs frequently in intensive care unit (ICU) patients and is associated with numerous ... more Delirium occurs frequently in intensive care unit (ICU) patients and is associated with numerous deleterious outcomes. There is a large variation in reported delirium occurrence rates, ranging from 4% to 89%. Apart from patient and treatment-related factors, organisational factors could influence delirium incidence, but this is currently unknown. To systematically review delirium incidence and determine whether or not organisational factors may contribute to the observed delirium incidence in adult ICU patients. Systematic review of prospective cohort studies reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Included articles were independently assessed by two researchers. Quality of the articles was determined using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology checklist. Subsequently, apart from patient characteristics, a meta-regression analysis was performed on available organisational factors, incl...
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, Jan 12, 2017
To evaluate to what extent delirium experts agree on the diagnosis of delirium when independently... more To evaluate to what extent delirium experts agree on the diagnosis of delirium when independently assessing exactly the same information and to evaluate the sensitivity of delirium screening tools in routine daily practice of clinical nurses. Prospective observational longitudinal study. Three medical centers in the Netherlands. Elderly postoperative adults (n = 167). A researcher examined participants daily (Postoperative Day 1-3) for delirium using a standardized cognitive assessment and interview including the Delirium Rating Scale Revised-98 as global impression without any cut-off values that was recorded on video. Two delirium experts independently evaluated the videos and clinical information from the last 24 hours in the participants' record and classified each assessment as delirious, possibly delirious, or not delirious. Interrater agreement between the delirium experts was determined using weighted Cohen's kappa. When there was no consensus, a third expert was con...
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