Objective: To develop and validate a tool for the assessment of professionalism in medical studen... more Objective: To develop and validate a tool for the assessment of professionalism in medical students during clerkship. Method: The mixed-method study was confucted from February to September 2018 at the Islamic International Medical College, Riphah University, Islamabad, Pakistan. A preliminary focus group discussion ws followed by two rounds of Delphi technique to validate micro-scenarios for the relevance of each item of the instrument alongside its content validity. For content and construct validation of the tool, content validity, cognitive validity, cognitive pretesting, confirmatory factor analysis and reliability assessment was done. Piloting was done on medical students doing clerkship. Data was analysed using SPSS 21 and AMOS 21. Results: A 35-item preliminary tool from micro-scenarios generated after focus group discussion was developed for the first Delphi round. For the second round, a 29-item tool was resent to the experts for validation. After the second round, the con...
Objective: To study the teratogenic effects of Bisphenol A exposure during maternal pregnancy and... more Objective: To study the teratogenic effects of Bisphenol A exposure during maternal pregnancy and lactation on the testicular histology of developing rat pups. Design of Study: Laboratory-based experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Anatomy, Islamic International Medical College Rawalpindi in collaboration with the National Institute of Health (NIH) Islamabad Pakistan from Sep 2018 to Sep 2019. Methodology: Eight weeks old, ten pregnant female rats were divided into groups, each comprising five pregnant rats. Pups were born by spontaneous vaginal delivery. Control group A consisted of 15 male rat pups delivered from 5 pregnant rats, fed on a standard diet during pregnancy and lactation till the 21st day. Experimental group B consisted of 15 male rat pups delivered from 5 pregnant female rats who were administered subcutaneous Bisphenol A at a dose of during their pregnancy and lactation till the 21st day. Results: Significant deterioration of quantitative par...
OBJECTIVE: The heart receives its blood through the right and left coronary arteries, branches of... more OBJECTIVE: The heart receives its blood through the right and left coronary arteries, branches of the ascending aorta. The present study was conducted with the objective to determine the segment of left coronary artery involved in patients of CAD in population of Pakistan and relationship of these segments of coronary artery with age sex of patients suffering from coronary artery disease STUDY DESIGN: This was an observational study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: This study was carried out at Islamic international medical college Rawalpindi. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data was collected from cardiology department of a government hospital in Rawalpindi. Sample size was 23 and results of cardiac patients were selected randomly. All the patients had their angiography done at the hospital. All the normal angiograms were excluded. RESULT: There was a difference in the prevalence of CAD between the male and female patients. Most of the male patients were found between 50-60 years while most fe...
Objective: To study the neuroprotective effect of curcumin against tartrazine-induced neurobioche... more Objective: To study the neuroprotective effect of curcumin against tartrazine-induced neurobiochemical and histopathological changes in the gray matter of motor cortex of rat brain. Study Design: Lab-based experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Anatomy, Islamic International Medical College, from Sep 2019 to Sep 2020. Methodology: Forty five adult male albino rats (250-300 gm) were divided randomly into three groups (n=15). Group A, rats were given standard rat diet. Group B, rats were given tartrazine orally by dissolving in tap water in the dose of 7.5 mg/kg body weight. Group C, rats were given 200 mg/kg of curcumin along with tartrazine orally by dissolving in tap water, daily for 28 consecutive days. At the end, all animals were dissected and their brain were removed. The neurobiochemical parameters including lipid peroxidation marker level along with microscopic changes widening of Virchow’s robin space and neuropil vacuolation in neurovascular unit wer...
Introduction: Spina bifida is an important developmental defect of vertebral column. There are va... more Introduction: Spina bifida is an important developmental defect of vertebral column. There are various types of spina bifida. The commonest one is spina bifida occulta (SBO), in which patients do not show any sign and symptoms as there is no herniation of spinal canal contents. This lesion is present at birth. Incidence of spina bifida decreases with age. The prevalence of spina bifida is related to various factors. Genetic predispositions, environmental factors and teratogenic effects of the drugs are important. It may be caused by the prenatal use of drugs like valproic acid. Sacral hiatus is used for caudal epidural block. We conducted this cross sectional study to find out the incidence of SBO in our population. Methodology: This was an observational descriptive study. This study was carried out in Islamic International Medical College Rawalpindi. The duration of study was six months. Bones were studied in five different medical colleges of Rawalpindi with the consent of the con...
Objective difficult to understand and memorize. Most of the T o observe difference in opinion of ... more Objective difficult to understand and memorize. Most of the T o observe difference in opinion of male and early 53% under and post graduate students were female medical students regarding their career interested in anatomy as a career option. choice regarding anatomy . We also tried to look Conclusion into various factors which can improve the Medical students are convinced about the strength of teaching faculty in anatomy . importance of anatomy . The reduced content of Subjects and Methods anatomy in the integrated system should be This was a descriptive study and was conducted evaluated with the perspective of students' by a survey from 307 students. The data was interest in this subject and its clinical relevance. analyzed using SPSS v 17. An emphasis on anatomy curriculum will help the Results fresh doctors to take anatomy as career. (Rawal Atotal of 97.4% students showed positive Med J 2012;37:433-436). response towards the importance of anatomy as a Key word subject altho...
Objective: To compare protective potential of cinnamon extract and green tea against Bisphenol A ... more Objective: To compare protective potential of cinnamon extract and green tea against Bisphenol A induced changes in tubular histology of rat kidney. Design of Study: Randomized controlled trial. Place and Duration of Study: Duration of study was six months and was conducted in Islamic International Medical College in collaboration with NIH. Material and Methods: Sixty adult male rats of Sprague Dawley strain were placed in 4 cages having 15 rats each. Experimental duration was 30 days. Rats in control group A were subcutaneously injected with distilled water. Rats in experimental group B were given subcutaneous injections of BPA at dose of 30mg/kg/day. Rats in group C were given cinnamon (200mg/kg/day) orally along with s/c injection of BPA while group D rats were given green tea orally along with s/c BPA injections. All rats were dissected after 30 days and right kidneys were taken out to examine histological changes in proximal and distal convoluted tubules. Results: Histological ...
Objective: To evaluate the overall impact of using e-learning resources by Riphah faculty members... more Objective: To evaluate the overall impact of using e-learning resources by Riphah faculty members in terms of their satisfaction and its usefulness for student learning. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Conducted in Islamic International Medical College from 24th June to 28th June 2020. Methodology: There were a total of 160 respondents of Riphah faculty of Medical College (n=100), Dental College (n=30) and Rehab Sciences (n=30). Results: 58.8% of the faculty agreed that online education is convenient for their working and the concept of online mode of teaching was acceptable to 65.6%. Faculty -development workshops were appreciated by 60%. 70% disagreed that face-face lectures can be replaced by online lectures. Regarding Perception of student online teaching and assessment 66.9% disagreed that they are attentive during the online lectures. As far as the preparedness towards online learning was concerned 33.8% agreed that preparation for online lect...
Objective: To determine learning styles of students of 3rd year MBBS with special focus on gender... more Objective: To determine learning styles of students of 3rd year MBBS with special focus on gender and it correlation with the performance in examinations. Methodology: A descriptive study was conducted at Islamic International Medical College and VARK questionnaire was used assess the performance in exams. The obtained marks of students were divided into three groups: Group I= 50-60%, Group II= 60-70% and Group III=70-80%. All data was analyzed by SPSS v. 21. Results: Out of 100 students, 83.5% students had uni modal while 16.5 % had multimodal learning style. Among unimodal style, auditory and kinesthetic (29.7% each) were the common learning styles. Among girls, 35% had preference for kinesthetic and auditory style while visual style was least common (3%). The kinesthetic and visual students were found to be high achievers in class. The listeners were found to be mediocre. The readers did not show good performance. Conclusion: Performance of medical students is related to the lear...
Background: To study the learning styles of medical and dental students. Methods: On the basis of... more Background: To study the learning styles of medical and dental students. Methods: On the basis of VARK proforma, learning styles of first to third year medical and dental students, were analyzed. Results: Majority of the medical students prefer single learning style.Only 12% preferred multiple learning styles whereas one third of the dental students preferred multiple learning styles. Kinesthetic learning style was the most preferred mode by both medical and dental students. Conclusion: Majority of the medical and dental students have single learning style. Since only one sixth of medical and one third of dental students have multiple learning styles, multiple teaching strategies should be used to address the needs of all the students in one session.
Objective: To develop and validate a tool for the assessment of professionalism in medical studen... more Objective: To develop and validate a tool for the assessment of professionalism in medical students during clerkship. Method: The mixed-method study was confucted from February to September 2018 at the Islamic International Medical College, Riphah University, Islamabad, Pakistan. A preliminary focus group discussion ws followed by two rounds of Delphi technique to validate micro-scenarios for the relevance of each item of the instrument alongside its content validity. For content and construct validation of the tool, content validity, cognitive validity, cognitive pretesting, confirmatory factor analysis and reliability assessment was done. Piloting was done on medical students doing clerkship. Data was analysed using SPSS 21 and AMOS 21. Results: A 35-item preliminary tool from micro-scenarios generated after focus group discussion was developed for the first Delphi round. For the second round, a 29-item tool was resent to the experts for validation. After the second round, the con...
Objective: To study the teratogenic effects of Bisphenol A exposure during maternal pregnancy and... more Objective: To study the teratogenic effects of Bisphenol A exposure during maternal pregnancy and lactation on the testicular histology of developing rat pups. Design of Study: Laboratory-based experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Anatomy, Islamic International Medical College Rawalpindi in collaboration with the National Institute of Health (NIH) Islamabad Pakistan from Sep 2018 to Sep 2019. Methodology: Eight weeks old, ten pregnant female rats were divided into groups, each comprising five pregnant rats. Pups were born by spontaneous vaginal delivery. Control group A consisted of 15 male rat pups delivered from 5 pregnant rats, fed on a standard diet during pregnancy and lactation till the 21st day. Experimental group B consisted of 15 male rat pups delivered from 5 pregnant female rats who were administered subcutaneous Bisphenol A at a dose of during their pregnancy and lactation till the 21st day. Results: Significant deterioration of quantitative par...
OBJECTIVE: The heart receives its blood through the right and left coronary arteries, branches of... more OBJECTIVE: The heart receives its blood through the right and left coronary arteries, branches of the ascending aorta. The present study was conducted with the objective to determine the segment of left coronary artery involved in patients of CAD in population of Pakistan and relationship of these segments of coronary artery with age sex of patients suffering from coronary artery disease STUDY DESIGN: This was an observational study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: This study was carried out at Islamic international medical college Rawalpindi. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data was collected from cardiology department of a government hospital in Rawalpindi. Sample size was 23 and results of cardiac patients were selected randomly. All the patients had their angiography done at the hospital. All the normal angiograms were excluded. RESULT: There was a difference in the prevalence of CAD between the male and female patients. Most of the male patients were found between 50-60 years while most fe...
Objective: To study the neuroprotective effect of curcumin against tartrazine-induced neurobioche... more Objective: To study the neuroprotective effect of curcumin against tartrazine-induced neurobiochemical and histopathological changes in the gray matter of motor cortex of rat brain. Study Design: Lab-based experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Anatomy, Islamic International Medical College, from Sep 2019 to Sep 2020. Methodology: Forty five adult male albino rats (250-300 gm) were divided randomly into three groups (n=15). Group A, rats were given standard rat diet. Group B, rats were given tartrazine orally by dissolving in tap water in the dose of 7.5 mg/kg body weight. Group C, rats were given 200 mg/kg of curcumin along with tartrazine orally by dissolving in tap water, daily for 28 consecutive days. At the end, all animals were dissected and their brain were removed. The neurobiochemical parameters including lipid peroxidation marker level along with microscopic changes widening of Virchow’s robin space and neuropil vacuolation in neurovascular unit wer...
Introduction: Spina bifida is an important developmental defect of vertebral column. There are va... more Introduction: Spina bifida is an important developmental defect of vertebral column. There are various types of spina bifida. The commonest one is spina bifida occulta (SBO), in which patients do not show any sign and symptoms as there is no herniation of spinal canal contents. This lesion is present at birth. Incidence of spina bifida decreases with age. The prevalence of spina bifida is related to various factors. Genetic predispositions, environmental factors and teratogenic effects of the drugs are important. It may be caused by the prenatal use of drugs like valproic acid. Sacral hiatus is used for caudal epidural block. We conducted this cross sectional study to find out the incidence of SBO in our population. Methodology: This was an observational descriptive study. This study was carried out in Islamic International Medical College Rawalpindi. The duration of study was six months. Bones were studied in five different medical colleges of Rawalpindi with the consent of the con...
Objective difficult to understand and memorize. Most of the T o observe difference in opinion of ... more Objective difficult to understand and memorize. Most of the T o observe difference in opinion of male and early 53% under and post graduate students were female medical students regarding their career interested in anatomy as a career option. choice regarding anatomy . We also tried to look Conclusion into various factors which can improve the Medical students are convinced about the strength of teaching faculty in anatomy . importance of anatomy . The reduced content of Subjects and Methods anatomy in the integrated system should be This was a descriptive study and was conducted evaluated with the perspective of students' by a survey from 307 students. The data was interest in this subject and its clinical relevance. analyzed using SPSS v 17. An emphasis on anatomy curriculum will help the Results fresh doctors to take anatomy as career. (Rawal Atotal of 97.4% students showed positive Med J 2012;37:433-436). response towards the importance of anatomy as a Key word subject altho...
Objective: To compare protective potential of cinnamon extract and green tea against Bisphenol A ... more Objective: To compare protective potential of cinnamon extract and green tea against Bisphenol A induced changes in tubular histology of rat kidney. Design of Study: Randomized controlled trial. Place and Duration of Study: Duration of study was six months and was conducted in Islamic International Medical College in collaboration with NIH. Material and Methods: Sixty adult male rats of Sprague Dawley strain were placed in 4 cages having 15 rats each. Experimental duration was 30 days. Rats in control group A were subcutaneously injected with distilled water. Rats in experimental group B were given subcutaneous injections of BPA at dose of 30mg/kg/day. Rats in group C were given cinnamon (200mg/kg/day) orally along with s/c injection of BPA while group D rats were given green tea orally along with s/c BPA injections. All rats were dissected after 30 days and right kidneys were taken out to examine histological changes in proximal and distal convoluted tubules. Results: Histological ...
Objective: To evaluate the overall impact of using e-learning resources by Riphah faculty members... more Objective: To evaluate the overall impact of using e-learning resources by Riphah faculty members in terms of their satisfaction and its usefulness for student learning. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Conducted in Islamic International Medical College from 24th June to 28th June 2020. Methodology: There were a total of 160 respondents of Riphah faculty of Medical College (n=100), Dental College (n=30) and Rehab Sciences (n=30). Results: 58.8% of the faculty agreed that online education is convenient for their working and the concept of online mode of teaching was acceptable to 65.6%. Faculty -development workshops were appreciated by 60%. 70% disagreed that face-face lectures can be replaced by online lectures. Regarding Perception of student online teaching and assessment 66.9% disagreed that they are attentive during the online lectures. As far as the preparedness towards online learning was concerned 33.8% agreed that preparation for online lect...
Objective: To determine learning styles of students of 3rd year MBBS with special focus on gender... more Objective: To determine learning styles of students of 3rd year MBBS with special focus on gender and it correlation with the performance in examinations. Methodology: A descriptive study was conducted at Islamic International Medical College and VARK questionnaire was used assess the performance in exams. The obtained marks of students were divided into three groups: Group I= 50-60%, Group II= 60-70% and Group III=70-80%. All data was analyzed by SPSS v. 21. Results: Out of 100 students, 83.5% students had uni modal while 16.5 % had multimodal learning style. Among unimodal style, auditory and kinesthetic (29.7% each) were the common learning styles. Among girls, 35% had preference for kinesthetic and auditory style while visual style was least common (3%). The kinesthetic and visual students were found to be high achievers in class. The listeners were found to be mediocre. The readers did not show good performance. Conclusion: Performance of medical students is related to the lear...
Background: To study the learning styles of medical and dental students. Methods: On the basis of... more Background: To study the learning styles of medical and dental students. Methods: On the basis of VARK proforma, learning styles of first to third year medical and dental students, were analyzed. Results: Majority of the medical students prefer single learning style.Only 12% preferred multiple learning styles whereas one third of the dental students preferred multiple learning styles. Kinesthetic learning style was the most preferred mode by both medical and dental students. Conclusion: Majority of the medical and dental students have single learning style. Since only one sixth of medical and one third of dental students have multiple learning styles, multiple teaching strategies should be used to address the needs of all the students in one session.
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