The number of female MPs elected by direct vote in Bangladesh's Parliament is abysmally low d... more The number of female MPs elected by direct vote in Bangladesh's Parliament is abysmally low due to the low level of female candidates in the parliamentary elections. This study addresses the underrepresentation of female candidates in the election following the supply- and demand-side model of Norris and Lovenduski. We focus on the continuing patriarchal social and political culture, dynastic politics, campaign funding, and violence as supply-side factors and political parties and nominations, quotas/reserved seats, and rule compliance as demand-side factors that affect the candidate nomination process in Bangladesh. The article is based on semi-structured interviews with female and male MPs of the Bangladesh Parliament and aspirant female politicians who hold different party positions. The study argues that the patriarchal nature of politics and culture controls the supply and demand-side factors of candidate selection and discriminates against female candidates to vie in the g...
Paths to the Prevention and Detection of Human Trafficking
Human trafficking has emerged as one of the world's most heinous and ubiquitous kinds of huma... more Human trafficking has emerged as one of the world's most heinous and ubiquitous kinds of human rights violations against women and children. It has now become a serious social and political concern on a global and national scale. Bangladesh is primarily a source and transit country of cross-border trafficking due to several factors. Using qualitative methods, this study attempts to investigate the current situation and the laws and other strategies adopted by the government of Bangladesh to mitigate and/or battle the problem. It is found that enforcement of law alone cannot combat this evil. This study recommends stringent enforcement of the law, regional and international cooperation, and public awareness to prevent and combat trafficking in women and children in Bangladesh.
Many proponents of modernisation theory assert that economic growth leads inevitably to social de... more Many proponents of modernisation theory assert that economic growth leads inevitably to social development. Ronald Inglehart, Pippa Norris and Christian Welzel, in their revised modernisation theory, claim that along with socio-economic development, modernisation fosters cultural change that in the long run leads to greater gender equality in all sectors including politics. However, they have identified structural, institutional and cultural barriers to the political participation of women; cultural being the strongest force that sometimes resists gender equality despite economic development. Women are now participating in all sectors of politics. However, globally they are marginal in politics as candidates, elected representatives, ministers, the prime minister, political leaders, mayors and so on, regardless of the level of socio-economic development within countries. There is no country either developed or developing that has ensured equal participation of women in politics. Thi...
Encyclopedia of Organizational Knowledge, Administration, and Technology
Empowerment of women is a universal slogan. Worldwide, several strategies are carried on by inter... more Empowerment of women is a universal slogan. Worldwide, several strategies are carried on by international organizations to ensure active participation of women in decision-making. Active participation at all level of politics is necessary in this regard. Likewise, the government of Bangladesh has adopted various programs and policies to ensure gender equality in all sectors of life. Relevant laws and ordinances are revised, and new provisions are incorporated in the laws where necessary. One-third seats are kept reserved for women to be elected at the urban local government. However, gender disparity is evident at this level. Women are mostly seen as reserved seat councilors. They are almost absent in the leadership positions. In Bangladesh, women's participation in local government politics is hampered due to multi-faceted factors ranging from socio-cultural to political. The male-dominating political parties can play a major role to bring gender parity in politics by nominatin...
Encyclopedia of Criminal Activities and the Deep Web
The advent of the internet has made dramatic changes in human lives. In addition, the internet al... more The advent of the internet has made dramatic changes in human lives. In addition, the internet also opens avenues for various criminal activities. Women are more vulnerable to cyber threats than men on social sites. Cybercrime against women is at an alarming state in Bangladesh. There is a need to inform about the pervasiveness and different forms of cybercrimes and increase awareness of safety precautions. This study seeks to explore the crimes committed against women and girls on social sites in Bangladesh. In addition, the research will suggest some remedial measures to control and combat cybercrime against women and girls.
Pak. J. Social Sci., 3 (7): 915-921, 2005 for reducing 30% quota for the freedom fighters to 5% a... more Pak. J. Social Sci., 3 (7): 915-921, 2005 for reducing 30% quota for the freedom fighters to 5% and distributing remaining 25% as 10% for women and remaining 15% for merit. In addition, the PSC had called for a review of the district based quota system. Because it is seen that ...
Encyclopedia of Organizational Knowledge, Administration, and Technology
This paper discusses the status of women in leadership position in the Bangladesh Civil Service (... more This paper discusses the status of women in leadership position in the Bangladesh Civil Service (BCS) following content analysis. This study argues that although the number of women in the class I position in the civil service has increased, their position in terms of power and influence on decision-making is still insignificant. In particular, the number of women in the leadership position in the civil service does not reflect gender parity that the government of Bangladesh is committed to achieve.
This article presents qualitative data from interviews conducted with female national parliamenta... more This article presents qualitative data from interviews conducted with female national parliamentarians and local government councillors in Bangladesh regarding barriers to women’s participation in electoral politics. The evidence suggests that a gender wall comprised of institutional, historical, socio-economic and cultural factors continues to prevent Bangladeshi women’s full participation in formal politics at both national and local levels. Since Bangladesh now operates a policy of affirmative action through reserved seats for female politicians, the question arises to what extent this can be seen as a useful longer-term strategy to counteract gender discrimination.
The number of female MPs elected by direct vote in Bangladesh's Parliament is abysmally low d... more The number of female MPs elected by direct vote in Bangladesh's Parliament is abysmally low due to the low level of female candidates in the parliamentary elections. This study addresses the underrepresentation of female candidates in the election following the supply- and demand-side model of Norris and Lovenduski. We focus on the continuing patriarchal social and political culture, dynastic politics, campaign funding, and violence as supply-side factors and political parties and nominations, quotas/reserved seats, and rule compliance as demand-side factors that affect the candidate nomination process in Bangladesh. The article is based on semi-structured interviews with female and male MPs of the Bangladesh Parliament and aspirant female politicians who hold different party positions. The study argues that the patriarchal nature of politics and culture controls the supply and demand-side factors of candidate selection and discriminates against female candidates to vie in the g...
Paths to the Prevention and Detection of Human Trafficking
Human trafficking has emerged as one of the world's most heinous and ubiquitous kinds of huma... more Human trafficking has emerged as one of the world's most heinous and ubiquitous kinds of human rights violations against women and children. It has now become a serious social and political concern on a global and national scale. Bangladesh is primarily a source and transit country of cross-border trafficking due to several factors. Using qualitative methods, this study attempts to investigate the current situation and the laws and other strategies adopted by the government of Bangladesh to mitigate and/or battle the problem. It is found that enforcement of law alone cannot combat this evil. This study recommends stringent enforcement of the law, regional and international cooperation, and public awareness to prevent and combat trafficking in women and children in Bangladesh.
Many proponents of modernisation theory assert that economic growth leads inevitably to social de... more Many proponents of modernisation theory assert that economic growth leads inevitably to social development. Ronald Inglehart, Pippa Norris and Christian Welzel, in their revised modernisation theory, claim that along with socio-economic development, modernisation fosters cultural change that in the long run leads to greater gender equality in all sectors including politics. However, they have identified structural, institutional and cultural barriers to the political participation of women; cultural being the strongest force that sometimes resists gender equality despite economic development. Women are now participating in all sectors of politics. However, globally they are marginal in politics as candidates, elected representatives, ministers, the prime minister, political leaders, mayors and so on, regardless of the level of socio-economic development within countries. There is no country either developed or developing that has ensured equal participation of women in politics. Thi...
Encyclopedia of Organizational Knowledge, Administration, and Technology
Empowerment of women is a universal slogan. Worldwide, several strategies are carried on by inter... more Empowerment of women is a universal slogan. Worldwide, several strategies are carried on by international organizations to ensure active participation of women in decision-making. Active participation at all level of politics is necessary in this regard. Likewise, the government of Bangladesh has adopted various programs and policies to ensure gender equality in all sectors of life. Relevant laws and ordinances are revised, and new provisions are incorporated in the laws where necessary. One-third seats are kept reserved for women to be elected at the urban local government. However, gender disparity is evident at this level. Women are mostly seen as reserved seat councilors. They are almost absent in the leadership positions. In Bangladesh, women's participation in local government politics is hampered due to multi-faceted factors ranging from socio-cultural to political. The male-dominating political parties can play a major role to bring gender parity in politics by nominatin...
Encyclopedia of Criminal Activities and the Deep Web
The advent of the internet has made dramatic changes in human lives. In addition, the internet al... more The advent of the internet has made dramatic changes in human lives. In addition, the internet also opens avenues for various criminal activities. Women are more vulnerable to cyber threats than men on social sites. Cybercrime against women is at an alarming state in Bangladesh. There is a need to inform about the pervasiveness and different forms of cybercrimes and increase awareness of safety precautions. This study seeks to explore the crimes committed against women and girls on social sites in Bangladesh. In addition, the research will suggest some remedial measures to control and combat cybercrime against women and girls.
Pak. J. Social Sci., 3 (7): 915-921, 2005 for reducing 30% quota for the freedom fighters to 5% a... more Pak. J. Social Sci., 3 (7): 915-921, 2005 for reducing 30% quota for the freedom fighters to 5% and distributing remaining 25% as 10% for women and remaining 15% for merit. In addition, the PSC had called for a review of the district based quota system. Because it is seen that ...
Encyclopedia of Organizational Knowledge, Administration, and Technology
This paper discusses the status of women in leadership position in the Bangladesh Civil Service (... more This paper discusses the status of women in leadership position in the Bangladesh Civil Service (BCS) following content analysis. This study argues that although the number of women in the class I position in the civil service has increased, their position in terms of power and influence on decision-making is still insignificant. In particular, the number of women in the leadership position in the civil service does not reflect gender parity that the government of Bangladesh is committed to achieve.
This article presents qualitative data from interviews conducted with female national parliamenta... more This article presents qualitative data from interviews conducted with female national parliamentarians and local government councillors in Bangladesh regarding barriers to women’s participation in electoral politics. The evidence suggests that a gender wall comprised of institutional, historical, socio-economic and cultural factors continues to prevent Bangladeshi women’s full participation in formal politics at both national and local levels. Since Bangladesh now operates a policy of affirmative action through reserved seats for female politicians, the question arises to what extent this can be seen as a useful longer-term strategy to counteract gender discrimination.
Uploads
Papers by fardaus ara