Radio disappearance of the magnetar XTE J1810–197 and continued X-ray timing

F Camilo, SM Ransom, JP Halpern… - The Astrophysical …, 2016 - iopscience.iop.org
F Camilo, SM Ransom, JP Halpern, JAJ Alford, I Cognard, JE Reynolds, S Johnston
The Astrophysical Journal, 2016iopscience.iop.org
We report on timing, flux density, and polarimetric observations of the transient magnetar
and 5.54 s radio pulsar XTE J1810− 197 using the Green Bank, Nançay, and Parkes radio
telescopes beginning in early 2006, until its sudden disappearance as a radio source in late
2008. Repeated observations through 2016 have not detected radio pulsations again. The
torque on the neutron star, as inferred from its rotation frequency derivative $\dot {\nu} $,
decreased in an unsteady manner by a factor of three in the first year of radio monitoring …
Abstract
We report on timing, flux density, and polarimetric observations of the transient magnetar and 5.54 s radio pulsar XTE J1810− 197 using the Green Bank, Nançay, and Parkes radio telescopes beginning in early 2006, until its sudden disappearance as a radio source in late 2008. Repeated observations through 2016 have not detected radio pulsations again. The torque on the neutron star, as inferred from its rotation frequency derivative , decreased in an unsteady manner by a factor of three in the first year of radio monitoring, until approximately mid-2007. By contrast, during its final year as a detectable radio source, the torque decreased steadily by only 9%. The period-averaged flux density, after decreasing by a factor of 20 during the first 10 months of radio monitoring, remained relatively steady in the next 22 months, at an average of 0.7±0.3 mJy at 1.4 GHz, while still showing day-to-day fluctuations by factors of a few. There is evidence that during this last phase of radio activity the magnetar had a steep radio spectrum, in contrast to earlier flat-spectrum behavior. No secular decrease presaged its radio demise. During this time, the pulse profile continued to display large variations; polarimetry, including of a new profile component, indicates that the magnetic geometry remained consistent with that of earlier times. We supplement these results with X-ray timing of the pulsar from its outburst in 2003 up to 2014. For the first 4 years, XTE J1810− 197 experienced non-monotonic excursions in frequency derivative by at least a factor of eight. But since 2007, its has remained relatively stable near its minimum observed value. The only apparent event in the X-ray record that is possibly contemporaneous with the radio shutdown is a decrease of≈ 20% in the hot-spot flux in 2008–2009, to a stable, minimum value. However, the permanence of the high-amplitude, thermal X-ray pulse, even after the (unexplained) radio demise, implies continuing magnetar activity.
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